• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.520-526
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• 2018

Conessine, a steroidal alkaloid, is a potent histamine H3 antagonist with antimalarial activity. We recently reported that conessine treatment interferes with $H_2O_2$-induced cell death by regulating autophagy. However, the cellular signaling pathways involved in conessine treatment are not fully understood. Here, we report that conessine reduces muscle atrophy by interfering with the expression of atrophy-related ubiquitin ligases MuRF-1 and atrogin-1. Promoter reporter assay revealed that conessine treatment inhibits FoxO3a-dependent transcription, $NF-{\kappa}B$-dependent transcription, and p53-dependent transcription. We also showed by quantitative RT-PCR and western blot assays that conessine treatment reduced dexamethasone-induced expression of MuRF1 and atrogin-1. Finally, we demonstrated that conessine treatment reduced dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy using differentiated C2C12 cells. These results collectively suggest that conessine is potentially useful in the treatment of muscle atrophy.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.25-30
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• 2004

The present paper reports the impact of thermal treatment on the characteristics of core-sheath type hybrid technical yarns. The core-sheath type hybrid yams are prepared using DREF-III technology. Polyester and glass multifilaments are used as core components whereas the cotton and polyester staple fibers are the sheath components wrapped around the core filament with different proportions to form a hybrid structure. The thermal treatment is carried out both in dry and in wet state under relaxed condition and the thermal shrinkage, sheath-slipping resistance and tensile and bending properties of hybrid yarns have been studied. Thermal treatment markedly increases the thermal shrinkage and sheath-slipping resistance of hybrid yarns with polyester multifilament in core, but insignificant effect for yarns with glass multifilament in core. Breaking elongation of hybrid yams with polyester multifilament in core increases with treatment temperature. The hybrid yarns with glass multifilament in core are least affected by thermal treatment.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.211-216
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• 2010

Vacuum carburizing process is well known process for its environment-friendly, low-cost, high-quality characteristics, compared with gas carburizing. In this study, a research was carried out to develop a process of vacuum carburizing for essential components of automotive transmission that is difficult to control its distortion. As a result, vacuum carburizing process is superior to gas carburizing in terms of cost, environment and quality.

• Proceedings of the Membrane Society of Korea Conference
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.80-93
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• 1995

Membrane Technology, which has been in use for over twenty five years, has established itself as one of the principle separation methods. With improved technology, Reverse Osmosis ("RO") has been applied to large volume water treatment facilities. UF and MF Membrane Technology has, up until recently, been applied to small scale water treatment facilities. The fouling of membrane has restricted the growth of Membrane Technology in Water Treatment. Membrane fouling compound found in water causes the loss of flux across the membrane by absorbing to membrane and plugging their pores. Various methods have been used in the reduction and prevention of membrane fouling. For RO, a conventional pre-treatment system removes the pollutants, preventing the function decline of RO membrane by keeping SDI < 4 as the standard condition of feed water. UF and MF Membrane Technology that must have pre-treatment function within itself, are required to keep its ability not to be influenced by fouling.y fouling.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.197-203
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• 2021

Mechanical structures of military equipment have been mainly applied with black oxide coating due to the limitation of surface treatment thickness. However, the mechanical structures applied by the black oxide coating treatment is constantly being corroded by calcium chloride and humidity. Since this can cause serious problems in the operation of equipment, a review to improve surface treatment and corrosion resistance is required. Therefore, in this study, surface treatment methods that can enhance corrosion resistance were selected and corrosion resistance performance was verified through experiments describing harsh field conditions. Thus, applying a proven surface treatment method to future military equipment will prevent corrosion.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.375-388
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• 2017

Wastewater treatment (WWT) technology has been developing from simple pollutant treatment to energy and resource-saving advanced technology, and various technologies combined with IT and BT are developed to minimize the amount of pollutant and toxic substance discharge to the public water areas and to improve operational efficiency. To examine the development trend of domestic wastewater treatment technology, the registered patent technologies were surveyed, classified and analyzed by year and sector. This paper considers the status of patent registration related to WWT from 2010.1 to 2017.5 in terms of the number of specific technical areas, and the trends are analyzed based on the 10 categorization field such as biological and physicochemical treatment process, equipment and device, material, sludge treatment, membrane, process control and 42 specific technical areas. A total of 3,356 patents have been registered since 2010, and the number of patents has been decreasing since the peak at 2013 and maintains 3~400 per year. The total number of patents has not yet been less than other countries, but the number of patents of more advanced technologies, which can lead the global market, such as process monitoring, new concept processing and equipment technologies is still insufficient compared to developed countries.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.1-13
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• 2016

The programmable logic array to match the treatment technology to the soil contaminated site based on the site properties in Korea was developed. Based on the previous technology screening system of FRTR (Federal Remediation Technology Roundtable) in USA, total 9 evaluation factors indicating the site characteristics were used for the technology matching process and 8 factors among them were quantitatively weighed in the order of importance. The class interval for each evaluation factor was linearly distributed to give the weighed score and 8 scores were summed up to prioritize the treatment technology. The optimal treatment technology for a specific site was determined according to the total score acquired from 8 evaluation factors used in this technology matching process. The reliability test for the developed technology matching system was done by using information of two real cleanup sites in Korea, suggesting that this guideline will be available to determine the most effective treatment technology to cleanup the soil contaminated site and also to assist the government or the company to design a successful and cost-effective site cleanup plan in Korea.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.153-163
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• 2020

Magnetic separation technology is an efficient and environmentally friendly technology. Compared with the traditional wastewater treatment technology, the magnetic separation technology has its unique advantages and characteristics, and has been widely applied in the field of wastewater treatment. In particular, the emergence of superconducting magnetic separation technology makes possible for high application potential and value. In this paper, which through consulting with the literatures of Korea, Chinese, United States and other countries, the magnetic separation technology applied to wastewater treatment was mainly divided into direct application of magnetic field, flocculation, adsorption, catalysis and separation coupling technology. Advantages and limitations of the magnetic separation technology in sewage treatment and its future development were also studied. Currently, magnetic separation technology needs to be studied for additional improvement in processing mechanism, design optimization of magnetic carrier and magnetic separator, and overcoming engineering application lag. The selection, optimization and manufacturing of cheap magnetic beads, highly adsorbed and easily desorbed magnetic beads, specific magnetic beads, nanocomposite magnetic beads and the research of magnetic beads recovery technology will be hot application of the magnetic separation technology based on the magnetic carriers in wastewater treatment. In order to further reduce the investment and operation costs and to promote the application of engineering, it is necessary to strengthen the research and development of high field strength using inexpensive and energy-saving magnet materials, specifically through design and development of new high efficiency magnetic separators/filters, magnetic separators and superconducting magnetic separators.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.101-107
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• 2022

Purpose: Radiotherapy after bladder filling protocol (BFP) is known to enhance treatment quality and reduce side effects in prostate cancer, a common male solid cancer globally. However, due to the need to hold back urine during treatment, patients frequently complain of discomfort, and treatment is frequently suspended when patients urinate during treatment and urine penetrates the treatment device, causing malfunction. Therefore, the effect of minimizing treatment time when partial-arc volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) was used instead of full-arc was assessed in this study. Methods: A total of 70 plans were created in 10 patients using 7 different arc sizes, and the treatment time for each plan was calculated. Results: Reduced arc size by half resulted in a 54.4% decrease in mean treatment duration, with a proportional tendency observed. Furthermore, the effect of VMAT arc size reduction on target dose homogeneity was significantly limited, and the effect on surrounding organs at risk (OAR) was negligible. It should be noted, however, that when the arc size decreases by >40%, the dose increases in the area without OAR around the target. Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrated that partial-arc VMAT for enhancing treatment convenience and efficacy of prostate cancer patients undergoing BFP can achieve a considerable reduction in treatment time while preserving treatment quality, and it is expected to be useful for partial-arc VMAT plan design and implementation in practice.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.121-125
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• 2004

Effects of chemical treatment with a citric acid solution or ozonated water on microbiological changes in lettuce and cabbage during storage were studied. Fresh lettuce and cabbage samples were cut into small pieces and treated by soaking in either ozonated water or a citric acid solution. After treatment, populations of total bacteria, yeast and mold, and E. coli were determined. Numbers of microorganisms increased during storage, but ozonated water and citric acid treatments retarded the increase in microbial growth. Among treatments, 1 % citric acid treatment was the most effective in terms of microbiological change and inhibition of polyphenoloxidase (PPO). For lettuce, citric acid treatment decreased the microbial growth overall by 1.5 log CFU/g and inhibited the PPO activity by 80%. These results indicate that chemical-treated lettuce and cabbage retained a better quality than those of the control during storage.