• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.596-604
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• 2005

Objectives : Geopungjeseub-tang(Gufengchushi-tang) has been used in oriental medicine for many centuries as a therapeutic agent for hemiplegia caused by deficiency of qi(氣虛) and damp phlegm(濕痰). This study was performed to evaluate effects of Geopungjeseub-tang extract(GJT) on hemodynamics[regional cerebral blood flow(rCBF), pial arterial diameter(PAD), mean arterial blood pressure(MABP), heart rate(HR)] in normal rats and in rats with cerebral ischemia by middle cerebral artery(MCA) occlusion. Also, effects of adrenergic ${\beta}-receptor$, cyclooxygenase on response to GJT were evaluated. Methods : Laser-doppler flowmetry(LDF) measured changes of rCBF, MABP and HR. Video microscope and width analyzer measured changes in PAD. Results : rCBF and PAD increased after treatment with GJT(10mg/kg, i.v.) during the period of cerebral reperfusion, and pretreatment with indomethacin raised rCBF and PAD increased after treatment with GJT during the same period as above. Pretreatment with propranolol decreased rCBF, but increased after GJT treatment, but raised PAD increased after GJT treatment during this period of reperfusion. Conclusion : CR caused diverse responses were observed in rCBF and PAD after treatment with GJT. ACF action is mediated by adrenergic ${\beta}-receptor$ and cyclooxygenase. Result suggest that GJT has an anti-ischemic effect through the improvement of cerebral hemodynamics and has theraputic potential for cerebral apoplexy.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.197-207
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• 2007

Objectives: This study was designed to investigate protective effects of Sayeoksanhap-Pyeongweisan-Gamibang(SPG) on hepatological changes in rats damaged by $CCl_4$. Methods : We investigated the effects of SPG on hepatological changes in terms of AST/ALT levels, Total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride in serum and lipid peroxidation in rat liver. Results : Combination treatment with acupuncture and oral administration of SPG decreased AST and ALT in serum. Combination treatment also decreased lipid peroxidation in liver and triglyceride in serum. In addition, HDL-cholesterol in serum was increased significantly by combination treatment. Contrary, level of total cholesterol was not changed by combination treatment. Conclusion : These results suggest that Combination treatment with acupuncture and oral administration of SPG was useful to protect liver against $CCl_4$ by its antioxidant action in liver tissues.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.601-611
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• 2017

Hyperlipidemia is an increase in one or more of the plasma lipids, including triglycerides, cholesterol. Ginseng has been used as a valuable tonic and for the treatment of various diseases. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of Jinan red ginseng (JRG) water extract on the blood and serum in rabbits with hyperlipidemia induced by poloxamer 407 when supplied in drinking water. JRG treatment was performed for 20 weeks. We evaluated the effects of the JRG treatment on diabetes through hematological and biochemical analysis before and after JRG treatment were performed. Our results indicate that LDL, total cholesterol, and triglycerides were significantly decreased compared prior JRG supply. CRE, BUN, CK and UA levels indicating renal functions are significantly reduced when compared to those prior to the JRG supply. In addition, AST, ALT, ALP, and LDH were significantly reduced indicating hepatoprotective effect. Blood electrolytes deteriorated in HL rabbits were improved when JRG supplied. In conclusion, Biochemical and hematological analysis demonstrate that the JRG is effective to alleviate the hyperlipidemia signs.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.243-249
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• 2018

Background: The new type of diabetes treatment, SGLT2 inhibitors, has been approved for monotherapy and combination therapy, but medical insurance is only allowed in combination therapy with metformin, which is the first choice for type 2 diabetes treatment. Methods: The SGLT2 inhibitors prescribed in Korea are dapagliflozin, empagliflozin and ipragliflozin. A review was conducted using Pubmed to evaluate efficacy and safety for these medications with metformin combination therapy. 10 studies were selected by searching for keywords and related references and were reviewed in full. The mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, and the economics of treatment with SGLT2 inhibitors were examined. Results: SGLT2 inhibitors had moderate glycemic control when added to the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes who were not being regulated by metformin monotherapy. They also showed positive effects such as weight loss, as well as the lowering of blood pressure. Hypotension and serious side effects were relatively low. However, the risk of genital infection was increased. Conclusion: The SGLT2 inhibitors are a new class of drugs that promote glucose excretion in the urine. They are a good choice for combination therapy with metformin for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, with weight loss and very low risk of serious side effects.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.198-202
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• 2020

Purpose: This study examined the effects of a paraffin treatment with exercise on the muscle strength and fatigue of the hand according to the use of smartphones. Methods: The measurement subjects were 30 healthy males in their 20s who were divided randomly into the control and paraffin treatment groups. A typing exercise using a smartphone was performed. The pinch grip force was measured to evaluate the muscle strength of the thumb, and muscle fatigue analysis using electromyography was performed to analyze muscle fatigue. Results: The functional changes to the arm and the fatigue of the hand through the use of a smartphone were examined to determine the effects of the paraffin treatment. The dominant hand-pinch grip force test did not show a significant difference, but the non-dominant hand-pinch grip force test showed a significant difference between the groups (p=0.030). In the dominant hand fatigue test, there was a significant difference between the groups (p=0.037). In the non-dominant hand, there was a significant difference between time (p=0.012) and the groups (p<0.001). Conclusion: The effects of paraffin intervention on the hand muscle strength and fatigue due to repeated use of the smartphone were confirmed. These results can be used as a basis for clinical use and can be a guide for the correct use of smartphones, which are essential in modern life.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.309-309
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• 1999

Effects of rare earth metals addition and aging treatment on corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of super duplex stainless steels were investigated using optical/SEM/TEM metallographic examination, an X-ray diffraction test, a potentiodynamic anodic polarization test and a tensile test. The performance of the experimental alloy with 0.32% REM addition was compared with commercial super duplex stainless steel such as SAF 2507 when they were exposed to solution annealing heat treatment and aging treatment. The corrosion resistance in CF environments and mechanical properties of the experimental alloy were found superior to those of the commercial duplex stainless steel. The REM with larger atomic radii than those of Cr, Mo and W may fill vacancies inside the matrix and around the grain boundaries, retarding formation of harmful intermetallic σ and χ phases. In addition, fine REM oxides/oxy-sulfides (1-3㎛) seemed to enhance the retardation effects. With REM additions, strength and ductility increased due to the phase and grain refinement caused by fine REM oxides and oxy-sulfides.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.233-250
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• 1996

In order to determine the effects of Palmijihwangtangs on the hypothyroidism, the biochemical and morphologic effects of PALMIJIHWANGTANGS against 2-thiouracil-induced hypothyroidism in rats were examined. 1. Serum $T_3$ value was significantly incresed by the treatment with PALMIJIHWANGTANG-1, 2 and 3(p<0.05). 2. Serum $T_4$ value was significantly higher in PALMIJIHWANGTANG-1 and PALMIJIIIWANGTANG-2 treated groups than that of control group. In PALMIJIHWANGTANG-3 treated group, serum $T_4$ level was significantly higher and that of control group(p<0.01). 3. Scrum free $T_4$ value was significantly incresed in the PALMIJIHWANGTANG-1 and PALMIJIHWANGTANG-2 treated groups(p<0.05) 4. Total cholesterols was significantly decresed by the treatment with PALMIJIHWANGTANG-1(p<0.05). 5. The treament with the PALMIJIHWANGTANG-1, 2 and 3 resulted in the significantly decrease of serum ALT(p<0.05). 6. Thyroid gland weight was significantly increased in PALMIJIHWANGTANG-3 treated group(p<0.01). 7. Treatment with PALMIJIHWANGTANG-1, 2 and 3 effectively recovered the dystropy and degeneration of follicle in thyroid gland caused by 2-thiouracil. 8. There was no histological and functional lesion observed in the liver after treatment with PALMIJIHWANGTANG-1, 2 and 3. These results suggest that PALMIJIHWANGTANG may be effective in the treatment of hypothyroidism.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Oriental Medical Informatics
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.57-64
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• 2005

Objectives The aim of this study is to evaluate effects of hard board applied to acute low back pain patient by using Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) and Pain Rating Score(PRS). Methods From March. 2005 to October. 2005, 20 cases of acute low back pain were divided into 2 groups in sequence. Control group took a rest on the bed(marble-sponge mattress) and sample group took a rest on the hard board. Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) and Pain Rating Score(PRS) were used to assess the change of pain. VAS and PRS were checked 3 times before the treatment, after 3day treatment and 6day treatment. Results 1. After 3day and 6day treatment, there was statistical significance between control and sample group by VAS. 2. After 3day and 6day treatment, there was statistical significance between control and sample group by PRS. Conclusions On treating acute low back pain, it is more effective taking a rest on the hard board than taking a rest on the bed. Further study is needed about effects of hard board applied to acute low back pain patient.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.143-148
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• 2021

Alkaline oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts have been widely studied for improving the efficiency and green hydrogen production through electrochemical water splitting. Transition metal-based electrocatalysts have emerged as promising materials that can significantly reduce the hydrogen production costs. Among the available electrocatalysts, transition metal-based layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have demonstrated outstanding OER performance owing to the abundant active sites and favorable adsorption-desorption energies for OER intermediates. Currently, cobalt doped nickel LDHs (NiCo LDHs) are regarded as the benchmark electrocatalyst for alkaline OER, primarily owing to the physicochemical synergetic effects between Ni and Co. We report effects of heat-treatment of the as-grown NiCo LDH on electrocatalytic activities in a temperature range from 250 to 400℃. Electrocatalytic OER properties were analysed by linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The heat-treatment temperature was found to play a crucial role in catalytic activity. The optimum heat-treatment temperature was discussed with respect to their OER performance.

• Medical Lasers
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.176-180
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• 2021

Several methods have been used to treat androgenetic hair loss, ranging from hair transplants to finasteride and minoxidil. Sometimes platelet-rich plasma injection therapy may be used to increase the satisfaction of patients who come to the hospital. However, some patients are sensitive to pain and are subjected to the inconvenience of requiring treatment after each blood sampling. The author had reported the effects of using a hair growth-promoting solution and Jetpeel^TM in parallel with a painless hair loss treatment method. However, the author was interested in more effective methods for patients with M-shaped or vertex hair loss who do not want to take medications or undergo hair transplant. In addition to the existing light-emitting diode therapy and electromagnetic field treatment, the author has made considered attempts to use various laser wavelength bands. However, the equipment for these methods can be expensive and are not suitable for patients who emphasize on cost-effectiveness. Therefore, the author used an existing reported method and a device based on the fractional erbium:YAG laser to provide the hair growth-promoting solution in parallel. The author chose a fractional 2940 nm-based laser device as a medium that could efficiently increase the growth phase, reduce the catagen phase, and facilitate intradermal product and drug delivery. As a result, there was a therapeutic benefit without any significant side effects such as redness and itching. Among the patients, the author reported the effects of the treatment on one patient with frontal M-shaped, mid, and vertex hair loss.