• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.216-223
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• 2018

Objective: This study aimed to assess treatment persistence in Korean children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and the factors influencing their adherence to ADHD pharmacotherapy. Methods: The study included patients between 6 and 18 years of age with ADHD who were taking various formulations of methylphenidate and atomoxetine on June 1, 2014. Patients were dichotomized as "persistent" or "non-persistent", depending on whether they continued ADHD therapy for 6 months (therapy persistence). We also investigated if the patients were taking the same medication(s) as before and also classified the patients as "medication persistent" or "non-persistent". Patient' characteristics were correlated with therapy persistence and medication persistence. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to assess potential risk factors for treatment persistence. Results: Overall, 3,317 patients were included in the analysis. A majority of patients were taking stimulants (82.0%), 16.2% were taking non-stimulants and 1.8% were taking a combination therapy of stimulants and non-stimulants. After 6 months, 2,290 patients (69.0%) continued to take medication for ADHD with 1,953 patients taking the same medication(s) as 6 months previously. Common positive factors for therapy persistence and medication persistence were identified as younger age, retardation, and developmental delay, and long-acting formulations of methylphenidate as either monotherapy or in a combination therapy may be used. Conclusion: ADHD medications were proven to improve academic performance and social skills of children. Collaboration between patients, parents, school staffs, and prescribers is required to improve the persistent use of ADHD medications.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.412-418
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• 2023

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) persistence in pathological stage T3aN0 prostate cancer (PCa) after robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALP). Methods: A retrospective study was performed on 326 patients with pT3aN0 PCa who underwent RALP between March 2020 and February 2022. PSA persistence was defined as nadir PSA of >0.1 ng/mL after RALP, and the risk factors for PSA persistence were evaluated using logistic regression analysis. Results: Among 326 patients, 61 (18.71%) had PSA persistence and 265 (81.29%) had PSA of <0.1 ng/mL after RALP (successful radical prostatectomy [RP] group). In the PSA persistence group, 51 patients (83.61%) received adjuvant treatment. Biochemical recurrence occurred in 27 patients (10.19%) in the successful RP group during the mean follow-up period of 15.22 months. Multivariate analysis showed that the risk factors for PSA persistence were large prostate volume (hazard ratio [HR], 1.017; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.002-1.036; p=0.046), lymphovascular invasion (LVI) (HR, 2.605; 95% CI, 1.022-6.643; p=0.045), and surgical margin involvement (HR, 2.220; 95% CI, 1.110-4.438; p=0.024). Conclusion: Adjuvant treatment may be needed for improved prognosis in patients with pT3aN0 PCa after RALP with a large prostate size, LVI, or surgical margin involvement.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.179-184
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• 1997

농약이 한국산 곤충병원성곰팡이 Beauveria bassiana와 Metarhizium anisopliae에 미치는 영향을 알아본 결과, SMAY배지상에서의 농약농도에 따른 곰팡이 포자형성수는 metalaxyl과 tolclofos-methyl 처리에서는 대조구와 큰 차이가 없었으나. fenitrothion과 mepronil 처리에서는 권장량의 $\frac{1}{2}$배 처리에서도 포자형성이 미약하였다. 농약과의 동시 처리가 곤충병원성 곰팡이에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 농약희석액에 병원성 곰팡이를 1-5시간 동안 침지시켜 병원성을 알아본 결과 전 약종에서 100%의 병원성을 나타내었다. 배추밭에서 농약전처리가 M. anisopliae의 병원성에 끼치는 영향을 알아본 결과는 Bt나 teflubenzuron, metalaxyl, carbofuran 처리구는 대조구와 병원성에서 차이를 보이지 않았으나 alachlol 처리구에서는 병원성이 80% 이하로 떨어졌다. 잔디밭에서 농약의 후처리가 병원성곰팡이의 병원성과 지속성에 미치는 영향을 알아본 바 iprodione+thiram과 tolclofos-methyl 처리구에서는 4달째까지 병원성이 지속되었고 fenitrothion처리구에서는 3개월 후부터 B. bassiana와 M. anisopliae의 병원성이 상실되었으며 mepronil처리구에서는 M. anisopliae가 병원성을 상실하였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.766-771
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• 1999

The first paper of this series compared the effects of rates and frequencies of application of dairy slurry on herbage yields and stand persistence of orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L.), and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)-grass mixtures managed as a 4-cutting system. This paper compares the effects of rates and frequencies of application of dairy slurry on herbage yield and stand persistence of alfalfa, orchardgrass, tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), and alfalfa-orchardgrass mixture managed as a 5-cutting system. The results presented here are part of a larger study having a primary objective of comparing alfalfa, various grasses, and alfalfa-grass mixtures for utilizing nutrients from dairy slurry applied to established stands. A randomized complete block design with treatments in a split plot arrangement with four replicates was used. The main plots consisted of 9 fertility treatments: 7 slurry rate and frequency of application treatments, one inorganic fertilizer treatment, and an unfertilized control. The sub-plots were the forage species. Manure used for the study was composed from stored solids scraped from the alleyways of a free-stall dairy barn. Water was added to from a slurry having about 8 % solids. Slurry was pumped from the liquid spreader tank into 10.4 L garden watering cans for manual application to the plots. Herbage yields of alfalfa, tall fescue, and alfalfa-orchardgrass were generally not affected by slurry application rates and were not significantly different from the inorganic fertilizer treatment. Tall fescue significantly outyielded all other forage species at all manure and the inorganic fertilizer treatments in the second year when rainfall during the growing season was unusually high. Grasses generally had a greater response to manure applications than alfalfa and alfalfa-orchardgrass. Increasing rates of manure did not increase herbage yields of alfalfa and alfalfa-orchardgrass. Herbage yields within each species were not affected by frequency of application of the same total rate. Stand ratings of alfalfa, orcahrdgrass and alfalfa-orchardgrass were significantly lower for the very high manure application rate compared to the control treatment. Based upon the results of this study, multiple annual applications of slurry manure can be made onto these species at rates up to $1,700kg\;total\;N\;ha^{-1}\;yr^{-1}$ without detrimental effects on herbage yield and stand persistence.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.758-765
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• 1999

Comparative studies of the effects of rates and frequency of application of dairy slurry on herbage yield and stand persistence of alfalfa and various forage grasses have not previously been conducted. The results being reported here are part of a larger study having a primary objective of comparing the effectiveness of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), various grasses and alfalfa-grass mixtures for utilizing nutrients from applied dairy slurry. The objectives of this part of the study were to evaluate the effects of various rates and frequencies of application of slurry on herbage yield and stand persistence of orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L.), and alfalfa-orchanrdgreass and alfalfa-reed canarygrass mixtures managed as a 4-cutting management system. A randomized complete block design with treatments in a split plot arrangement with four replicates was used. The main plots consisted of 9 fertility treatments: 7 slurry rate and time of application treatments, one inorganic fertilizer treatment, and an unfertilized control. The sub-plots consisted of the two grasses and two alfalfa-grass mixture mentioned above. Slurry was composed from stored solids scraped from the alleyways of a free-stall housing barn and water added to form a slurry having about 8% solids. Manure was pumped from a liquid spreader tank into 10.4 L garden water cans for manual application to the plots. Herbage yields within species were generally unaffected by various rates of application in the first production year. Herbage yields of grasses and alfalfa-grass mixtures the second year were generally not affected by frequency of application for the same rate of slurry applied. Slurry application resulted in greater herbage yield increases in grasses than alfalfa-grass mixtures in the 4-cutting management system. In general, herbage dry matter yields of grasses from the dairy slurry treatments equaled or exceeded yields from the inorganic fertilizer treatment. Stand ratings of grasses and alfalfa-grass mixtures were not changed by manure application rates. In this study, the highest rate of slurry ($967kg\;total\;N\;ha^{-1}$ in 1995 plus $2,014kg\;N\;ha^{-1}$ in 1996) was not detrimental to herbage yields or stand persistence of any of the species. It was concluded that applying dairy slurry to these cool-season grasses and alfalfa-grass mixtures managed in a 4-cutting system is an acceptable practice from the standpoint of herbage yield and satnd persistence and by doing so the utilization of inorganic fertilizers can be reduced.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.9-20
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• 2015

지역사회 뇌졸중환자들의 치료 지속률과 약물 순응도에 대한 연구는 아직 많이 실시되지 않았다. 그러나 치료 지속률과 약물 순응도가 뇌졸중의 재발 및 사망과 밀접한 관련이 있다는 것은 많이 알려진 사실이다. 이에 본 연구는 지역에 거주하고 있는 뇌졸중환자들을 임의 추출하여 이들의 치료 지속률과 약물 순응도를 평가하고 이에 영향을 미치는 요인을 찾기 위하여 실시되었다. 연구대상자는 429명으로 이들의 뇌졸중 치료율과 현재 복용하고 있는 약물의 순응률을 파악하였으며 약물 순응도는 의도적 비순응군과 비의도적 비순응군으로 구분하여 조사하였다. 연구 결과 치료 지속률은 86.5%였으며 이들 중 약물 순응도는 41.2%였다. 치료 지속률에 영향을 미치는 요인으로는 보건교육 경험뿐이었으며, 비의도적 약물 비순응에 영향을 미치는 요인은 mRS와 보건교육 경험 그리고 의도적 약물 비순응에 영향을 미치는 요인은 mRS와 우울감 정도 그리고 약물에 대한 신념(필요성, 염려)이었다. 결론적으로 지역사회 뇌졸중환자의 재발방지와 사망률감소를 위하여 약물복용을 중요하게 교육하여야 할 것이며 순응도 향상을 위해서는 약물에 대한 필요성은 올리고 염려 수준을 낮추도록 교육하여야 할 것이다.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제11권12호
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• pp.221-228
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• 2021

본 연구는 염색 과정에 유기산을 이용한 후처리를 적용하여 염색의 지속성을 높이고 모발의 손상을 억제하고자 하였다. 체리레드와 블루실버 색상으로 탈색모를 염색하는 과정에 succinic acid와 tartaric acid를 이용하여 후처리 하고 염색된 모발의 색 지속성, 인장강도, 기공, 표면 특성을 알아보았다. 반복적인 샴푸 세척을 진행한 후 모발의 색상변화를 측정한 결과 succinic acid와 tartaric acid 실험군은 대조군 보다 효율적으로 모발의 색상을 유지할 수 있었다. 염색 후 모발의 손상도를 측정한 결과, succinic acid와 tartaric acid 실험군은 대조군 보다 높은 인장강도, 낮은 기공도, 매끄러운 표면 특성을 나타내어 모발 보호 효과를 나타냈다. 특히, tartaric acid는 succinic acid 보다 높은 효율로 염색모의 색을 지속시키고, 모발을 보호할 수 있었다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제2권
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• pp.22-26
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• 1963

1) 본 시험은 malathion이 방충제로 사용되었을 때 자연적인 곡물저장조건하에서의 잔류효력과 그의 지속성을 검정하기 위해서 1963년 6월부터 9월에 걸쳐 행하였다. 2) 백미를 malathion 유제로 처이하고 일령 21일된 쌀바구미를 일정기간마다 8일간 접종하여 살충율을 을 조사하고 이로서 malathion의 잔류효력과 지속성을 판정하였다. 3) 처리후 8일까지는 각 실험농도에서 $100\%$의 살충율을 나타내었고 32일에서 8ppm과 16ppm은 $100\%$의 살충율을 보였으나 4ppm과 2ppm에서는 각각 $85.8\pm3.70\%$와$ 43.3\pm10.77\%$의 살충율을 보였다. 32일 이후에서는 어느 농도에서나 $100\%$의 살충율은 볼 수 없었고 107일에 이르러서는 각 농도간 살충율에 차가 없었다. 4) 처리한 malathion의 반감기는 즉$50\%$의 살충율을 나타낸 것은 2ppm에서 33일, 4ppm에서 54일, 8ppm에서 73일. 16ppm에서 93일 이었다. 5) 자연곡물저장조건하에서 malathion 잔류효력을 5개월간 보지하려면 본 실험에서 사용한 농도보다 훨씬. 높여야 될 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제12권11호
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• pp.427-434
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• 2021

현대인들은 헤어컬러링을 통하여 아름다움을 표출하는데 반복적인 화학적 시술에 의하여 모발은 손상을 받는다. 염색의 지속력을 높이고 모발 손상을 최소화하기 위해 본 연구에서는 헤어컬러링 시 산성 아미노산인 아스파트산(Asp)과 글루탐산(Glu)으로 모발을 후처리하였다. 탈색모에 체리레드와 블루실버 색상으로 염색하고 0.75%의 Asp와 Glu 용액을 실온에서 20분간 후처리를 한 후 1회, 5회, 10회, 15회, 20회, 25회 샴푸 후 L^*a^*b^*값을 측정하여 염색 지속력을 확인하였고, 모발의 상태를 알아보기 위하여 모발의 인장강도, 기공도, 표면 특성의 변화를 분석하였다. 체리레드와 블루실버 염색을 진행한 경우 모두 Asp와 Glu 실험군이 대조군 보다 높은 색 지속력을 보였고 Asp와 Glu 실험군은 대조군보다 높은 인장강도, 낮은 기공도, 매끄러운 표면특성을 나타냈다. 특히 Asp 실험군이 Glu 실험군 보다는 우수한 색 지속력과 낮은 모발 손상도를 나타냈다. 따라서 본 연구가 현장에서 탈색과 염색 시 손상된 모발의 후 처리제로 Asp와 Glu을 조합한 모발 화장품 개발의 기초자료가 되기를 기대해 본다.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.112-121
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• 2020

Background: Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) has become more common in nosocomial infections, especially in urine samples. However, until now, no treatment regimen has been proven to effectively eradicate urine VRE colonization. Therefore, to evaluate the efficacy of doxycycline in eradicating urine VRE and shortening VRE isolation period, we compared VRE colony detection period between doxycycline-treated and untreated patients. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of 83 patients with VRE colonization in urine cultures was conducted at a tertiary academic hospital from January 2011 to February 2018. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to evaluate eradication rates in the treatment and non-treatment groups. Factors affecting urine VRE colonization persistence were analyzed by multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: The overall rate of VRE eradication during the entire hospital stay was higher in the doxycycline treatment group (90.5%) than in the non-treatment group (58.1%, p=0.014). Survival analysis showed that the 5-, 10-, and 20-day cumulative eradication rates were 78.3%, 100%, and 100% in the doxycycline treatment group, and 18.5%, 45.7%, and 67.8% in the non-treatment group, respectively, thereby indicating that eradication rates were higher in the doxycycline treatment group than in the non-treatment group (p<0.001). Only doxycycline treatment was shown to affect urine VRE colonization persistence in multivariate logistic regression analysis. Conclusion: Doxycycline treatment enhanced the eradication rate of urine VRE colonization and appeared to be useful in shortening VRE isolation period.