• Korean journal of aerospace and environmental medicine
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.30-33
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• 2020

The Republic of Korea is rapidly entering an aging society. With the aging of society, the overseas travel of the elderly is increasing rapidly. According to the Korea Tourism Organization, the number of overseas tourists aged 61 or older last year exceeded 2.5 million, of which over 80 were over 200,000. Age is no longer a limiting factor for traveling abroad, but traveling to unfamiliar places is certainly a challenge. Old people may experience a variety of problems, so special care should be taken. In particular, the aircraft cabin environment is different from the ground, so elderly travelers with respiratory or heart disease require special attention. In this paper, we want to know the precautions and how to prepare for the safe air travel for the elderly.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.23-34
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• 1998

Travel time forecasting, especially public bus travel time forecasting in urban areas, is a difficult and complex problem which requires a prohibitively large computation time and years of experience. As the network of target area grows with addition of streets and lanes, computational burden of the forecasting systems exponentially increases. Even though the travel time between two neighboring intersections is known a priori, it is still difficult, if not impossible, to compute the travel time between every two intersections. For the reason, previous approaches frequently have oversimplified the transportation network to show feasibilities of the problem solving algorithms. In this paper, forecasting of the travel time between every two intersections is attempted based on travel time data between two neighboring intersections. The time stamps data of public buses which recorded arrival time at predetermined bus stops was extensively collected and forecast. At first, the time stamp data was categorized to eliminate white noise, uncontrollable in forecasting, based on wavelet conversion. Then, the radial basis neural networks was applied to remaining data, which showed relatively accurate results. The success of the attempt was confirmed by the drastically reduced relative error when the nodes between the target intersections increases. In general, as the number of the nodes between target intersections increases, the relative error shows the tendency of sharp increase. The experimental results of the novel approaches, based on wavelet conversion and neural network teaming mechanism, showed the forecasting methodology is very promising.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.139-149
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• 2018

In the contemporary era of smart tourism, travelers face more accommodation options than ever before. The rapid expansions of alternative accommodation sector are partially owing to the growth of electronic commerce and the rise of online intermediary platforms. Online travel agencies serve as a critical distribution channel for tourism sectors, and the significance is further increased for small and micro entrepreneurs whose direct communication channels are scarce. Considering the holistic process of customer experience started with a third-party online intermediary, this study explores basic and extended attributes of small and medium-sized alternative accommodation where the comparative value is created. In order to achieve the objective, a research design was developed to synthesize the qualitative evidence. The synthesis encompasses both theoretical and practical perspectives, from a systematic review and opinions of academic professionals to an in-depth interview with an industry expert and the current practices of online travel agencies. This study suggests that the sources of value creation for alternative accommodation are not always consistent with those of the traditional. Accounting for the temporal and spatial dynamics in customer experience, the findings of this study provide insights on the comparative value of alternative accommodation, to both academic and industry audiences.

• Journal of Smart Tourism
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.15-21
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• 2023

This paper presents a conceptual approach to Smart Tourism Design based on semiotic affordances theory. This conceptual approach repositions smart tourism from a techno-centric perspective that frames a seamless connection between the device and its software, to a more human-centric perspective that favors the user's needs, desires as perceived through the senses. An updated Smart Tourism Design emphasizes the aesthetic dimension of smart tourism that presents the objects of the travel experience as destination specific rather than universal, through representations as digital artifacts. This theory is based on an empirical and objective understanding of representations and how they can be identified as useful in the digital augmentation of travel experiences. Using Peirce's sign systems and Gibson's theory of affordances, smart tourism can transcend a prefabricated device-oriented experience to a closer dynamic and direct interaction between the user and the travel destination. Researchers and developers can use semiotics as a structural approach to recognizing objects as sign-types, and they can use affordances to better identify the immediacy of digital artifacts and purpose-driven by users' spontaneous and immediate motives.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.317-333
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• 2022

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to investigate the interrelationships between visitor motivations, attitude, and behavioral intention toward the Harbin International Ice and Snow Festival, China. It is also to test moderating roles of gender and past travel experience between these factors. Design/methodology/approach - Data was collected from potential Chinese visitors, after which 420 usable surveys were processed. Findings - To investigate our hypotheses, we used descriptive, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling. We found that aesthetic attractiveness, purchase of local products, and involvement had positive effects on attitude toward the festival. Attitude toward the festival had a significant effect on behavioral intention to visit. Finally, it was also found that gender and past travel experience significantly moderated the interrelationships between these factors. Research implications or Originality - Theoretical and managerial implications, as well as, suggestions for future research are discussed.

• Journal of Platform Technology
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.21-27
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• 2023

In this paper, we introduce a reinforcement learning-based algorithm for personalized tourist path recommendations. The algorithm employs a reinforcement learning agent to explore tourist regions and identify optimal paths that are expected to enhance tourism experiences. The concept of tourism experience is defined through points of interest (POI) located along tourist paths within the tourist area. These metrics are quantified through aggregated evaluation scores derived from reviews submitted by past visitors. In the experimental setup, the foundational learning model used to find tour paths is the Deep Q-Network (DQN). Despite the limited availability of historical tourist behavior data, the agent adeptly learns travel paths by incorporating preference scores of tourist POIs and spatial information of the travel area.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.445-450
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• 2019

lock in effect This study aims to examine the viewing pattern of travel vlog on video-sharing platform YouTube. Preliminary survey was conducted with in-depth interviews on the usability and sensibility aspects of creating pleasurable interfaces model. As a result, first, viewers obtains general information on travel using travel vlog. Second, there were difficulties from the informational quantity. Third, the contents marketing using travel vlog could have limitation when it comes to the consistency of product's exposure which common mass media advertisement format have. Improvements driven from this study may provide insight in contents marketing strategy to travel-related companies and provide practical help to creators in contents production.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.369-374
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• 2017

The object of this study is to offer domestic and overseas travel informations efficiently for domestic tourists growing far beyond 15 million even now through user centered interface more convenient and accurate. In a method of research, 100 people were surveyed after recasting of evaluation questionnaire about UI design using 5-point Likert and nominal scale and additionally, the in-depth interviews were given to 10 people who use travel application frequently. In consequence, this interview revealed where users feel convenience and difficulty and want improvement of usability, information accuracy, etc. Finally, this study has a meaning to suggest new UI prototypes and various guideline about additional UI design on the basis of surveyed parts.

• Lingua Humanitatis
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.179-196
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• 2001

According to Formalist theory, form is not separate from content. Form does not merely convey or express content but can itself produce meaning. The close correlation of the narrative structure, more specifically the time structure of the narrative, and the narrative style of Kim Seung-Ok′s short story′"Travel in Mujin" provides a good example of this argument. The story opens with the first-person narrator, currently living in the bustling city of Seoul, back in his small provincial home town Mujin, where he brings up memories that had been hitherto suppressed. The revived memories are ordered into the narrator′s present thought structure, in effect bridging the vast psychological rift between the lost past and the present. The narrator′s travel in Mujin thus becomes a psychological journey, and Mujin becomes a psychological space where the narrator can experience the continuity of his own being. The "narrating I" excludes the principles of reality from his narrative, concentrating on the inner thoughts, recollections, psychological experience, and the level of consciousness of the "narrated I." This narrative attitude or style expresses the narrator-protagonist′s acceptance and affirmation of the thoughts and actions occur in Mujin (which he had till now been resistant to). It is also an affirmation of the narrative act itself. Before the travel back to Mujin, the narrator-protagonist′s thoughts about his home town was ambivalent-an attitude originating from nostalgia, together with the narrator-protagonist′s ambivalent attitude toward his youthful past. It is a reflection of the narrator-protagonist′s desire for purity intermingled with a disdain for his enervated existence in Seoul. This ambivalence is resolved by the "I" of the narrative present, and Mujin enables him to come to a renewed affirmation of his life.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 1998.05a
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• pp.160-171
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• 1998

Express subway system is one of the effective systems adapting to improve service level. Express trains make fewer passenger stop, using a double track or a bypass track, than local trains which served all stations, Express service has been very popular with passengers who travel uninterrupted between terminals, but is has generated some dissatisfaction among passengers who experience longer waiting time on stations. This study aims at proposing the methodology to analyze changes of travel pattern in subway system adapting the express service and to estimate the time saving effects resulting from the installation of the express system. This methodology is evaluated in the fifth line under an assumpt ion that express subway system are adapted. Based on the results of the case study, the following conclusions are made: First, express system reduce a total travel time of 13% or above. Second, shorter headway of express trains increases the time saving effects on subway system. although it requests more waiting time to local train passenger. Third, an installation of Express system to Seoul subway system can augment subway demand in seoul metropolitan area.