• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.123-132
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• 1998

비포화대에서의 지하수 오염원의 이송을 관측하는 것은 매우 어려운 거승로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 함수량과 농도가 다른 시료를 이용하여 비포화 용존 오염원의 농도를 측정하기 위한 TDR의 적용가능성에 대한 검정실험을 수행하였다. 초기전자기파에 대한 TDR반향파의 감쇄정도를 이용하여 토양의 총전기전도도를 측정하게 되는데 이때 함수량이 일정할 경우 총전기전도도와 토양수의 농도관계는 선형관계를 유지한다는 가정을 기본으로한다. 본 연구에서는 세가지의 농도와 체적함수량을 갖는 시료를 성형하고 이때의 TDR 반향곡선을 측정하여 Dalton 등(1984), Topp 등(1988), Yanuka 등(1988), Zegelin 등 (1989)이 제안한 추정식으로 통초양전기전도도를 구하였다. 실험결과 Zegelin등이 제안한 식을 제외한 세 가지 식들은 매우 좋은 토양수의 농도와 총전기전도도의 선형관계를 나타내었다. 따라서 이 세가지 추정식들은 용존 오염원의 농도를 추정함에 있어 매우 유용한 식으로 판단되며 이 추정식들을 이용하는 TDR 비포화 용존 오염원 측정법은 실내실험과 현장실험에 있어 매우 유용하리라 판단된다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.105-118
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• 2015

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of profile disturbance with different artificial accumulation history on physico-chemical properties of soil under plastic film house. The investigations included soil profile description using soil column cylinder auger F10cm x h110cm, in situ and laboratory measurements of soil properties at five sites each at the cucumber (Site Ic ~ Vc) and grape (Site Ig ~ Vg) plastic film houses with artificial soil accumulation. The sites except sites Ic, IVc, IVg and Vg, belong to ex-paddy area. The types of accumulates around root zone included sandy loam soil for 3 sites, loam soil for 1 site, saprolite for 2 sites, and multi-layer with different accumulates for 3 sites. Especially, Site IIg has mixed plow zone (Ap horizon) with original soil and saprolite, whereas disturbed soil layers of the other sites are composed of only external accumulates. The soil depth disturbed by artificial accumulation ranged from 20 cm, for Site IIg, to whole measured depth of 110 cm, for Site IVc, Vc, and Site IVg. Elapsed time from artificially accumulation to investigation time ranged from 3 months, Site IIc, to more than 20 years, Site Vg, paddy-soil covering over well-drained upland soil during land leveling in 1980s. Disturbed top layer in all sites except Site Vg had no structure, indicating low structural stability. In situ infiltration rate had no correlation with texture or organic matter content, but highest value with highest variability in Site IIIc, the shortest elapsed time since sandy loam soil accumulation. Relatively low infiltration rate was observed in sites accumulated by saprolite with coarse texture, presumably because its low structural stability in the way of weathering process could result in relatively high compaction in agro-machine work or irrigation. In all cucumber sites, there were water-transport limited zone with very low permeable or impermeability within 50 cm under soil surface, but Site IIg, IIIg, and Vg, with relatively weak disturbance or structured soil, were the reverse. We observed the big change in texture and re-increase of organic matter content, available phosphate, and exchangeable cations between disturbed layer and original soil layer. This study, therefore, suggest that the accumulation of coarse material such as saprolite for cultivating cash crop under plastic film house might not improve soil drainage and structural stability, inversely showing weaker disturbance of original soil profile with higher drainage.

• Journal of Advanced Research in Ocean Engineering
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.86-98
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• 2016

In this study, after the installation of a subsea pipeline, backfilling was performed in the trenched area. During these operations, a stability problem in the subsea pipeline occurred. The pipeline was directly impacted by environmental loading such as waves and currents that were caused by backfill material when scouring or sediment transport and siltation was carried out. Therefore, this study reviewed whether trenching was necessary, and conducted research into an indigenous seabed property that contains granular soil. A study of cohesive soil was also conducted in order to cross-correlate after calculating the values of the critical Shields parameter relevant to elements of the external environment such as waves and current, and the shear Shields parameter that depends on the actual shearing stress. In case of 1), sedimentation or erosion does not occur. In the case of 2), partial sedimentation or erosion occurs. If the case is 3), full sedimentation or erosion occurs. Therefore, in the cases of 1) or 2), problems in structural subsea pipeline stability will not occur even if partial sedimentation or erosion occurs. This should be reflected particularly in cases with granular and cohesive soil when a reduction in shear strength occurs by cyclic currents and waves. In addition, since backfilling material does not affect the original seabed shear strength, a set-up factor should be considered to use a reduced of the shear strength in the original seabed.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.71-81
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• 2016

준설토 이송 시 윤활층에 전자기장을 인가하여 이송 동력을 절감하고, 송토량을 증가시키는 연구의 일환으로, 이런 전자기장 장치의 실제 적용성을 검증하고자 실현장 8.5km의 이송거리의 준설현장에 전자기장 장치를 설치하여 그 효과를 검증하였다. 이송 유속에 관계되는 운전 조건 및 토질상태와 유동상태를 모니터링하고, 획득한 데이터를 송토량과 동력 사이의 관계로 정리하여 전자기장 인가 후 약 30%의 동력대비 이송량 증가가 있음을 확인하였고, 이를 통해 전자기장 인가가 준설토 이송 시 동력절감에 효과가 있음을 확인하였다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.96-101
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• 2012

Urea-based nitrogen fertilizer was widely utilized in maize production, but transporters involved in urea uptake, translocation and cellular homeostasis have not been identified. Here, we isolated three maize aquapoin genes, ZmNIP2;1, ZmNIP2;4 and ZmTIP4;4, from a cDNA library by heterogous complementation of a urea uptake-defective yeast. ZmNIP2;1 and ZmNIP2;4 belonged to the nodulin 26-like intrinsic proteins (NIPs) localized at plasma membrane, and ZmTIP4;4 belonged to the tonoplast intrinsic protein (TIPs) at vacuolar membrane. Quantitative RT-PCR revealed that ZmNIP2;1 was expressed constitutively in various organs while ZmNIP2;4 and ZmTIP4;4 transcripts were abundant in reproductive organs and roots. Expression of ZmTIP4;4 was significantly increased in roots and expanded leaves under nitrogen starvation, while those of ZmNIP2;1 and ZmNIP2;4 remained unaffected. Functions of maize aquapoin genes in urea transport together with their distinct expression manners suggested that they might play diverse roles on urea uptake and translocation, or equilibrating urea concentration across tonoplast.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2004년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.209-212
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• 2004

Soil environment has not received much attention from the environmental impact assessor community although soil contamination may affect human health and the eco-system. This study was the first trial to discuss the role and importance of soil environment in the environmental impact assessment(EIA) and suggest possible environmental impact assessment schemes for soil. The objectives of the study were to show the effects of soil contamination on human health, the environment and the social community, suggest efficient EIA schemes in Korea and establish the basic concepts of soil environment assessment involving fate and transport of contaminants and its risk.

• 기술사
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2012

Every year in Europe, soils covering an area larger than the city of Berlin are lost to urban sprawl and transport infrastructure. Soil sealing causes an irreversible loss of the biological functions of soil. As water can neither infiltrate nor evaporate, water runoff increases, sometimes leading to catastrophic floods. Landscapes are fragmented and habitats become too small or too isolated to support certain species. In addition, the food production potential of land is lost forever. There is an urgent need to use this valuable resource more wisely, in order to secure its many vital services for future generations. The EU faces new territorial challenges.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.465-470
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• 2011

액비와 퇴비 형태로 발생되어지는 양돈 분뇨는 발생량의 대부분이 농지에 적용되어지고 있다. 과잉으로 적용된 양돈 퇴, 액비는 수계의 영양소 과잉의 주원인으로 알려지고 있는데 양돈 퇴, 액비의 질소, 인 물질이 농지로부터 지표수와 지하수로 전달되어지는 경로를 파악하는 것이 본 연구의 주목적이다. 인공 강우 시험을 통해 농지로부터 양돈 퇴비와 액비가 각각 적용되어진 농지에 대해 지하수와 지표수로 유출되는 양을 조사하였는데 질소의 경우 지하수로 유출되는 부분이 가장 많은 반면 인의 경우 토양에 흡착되는 부분이 가장 많은 것으로 나타났다. 토양에 대한 인의 평균 흡착 양은 21.5 mg P/kg soil 로 나타났다.

• 환경생물
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.181-188
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• 2003

In this study, soil seed and bud bank analysis were performed to abbess the mass of potential vegetation in soils less than 1 year old after covered and estimate the amount of seed bank transport through construction in urban area. The ratio of exotic species number to total species number in study sites and the landfill control site was 0.29 and 0.39, respectively. All plots pooled, mean species number and total mean seedling density per $\m^2$ in the top 10 cm of soil was 11$\pm$0 (average$\pm$S.E.) and 8037$\pm$221.Total plant seeds by artificial soil trasnsfer were estimated to be 53 thousand million $m^{-2}yr^{-1}$ in 10 cm soil depth. It reveals that soil transfer accelerates seeds and vegetation movement and makes urban vegetation mixed and common.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2005년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.1504-1511
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• 2005

The efficiency of the hydraulic transport of soil-water mixtures is an important factor in designing and operating a pump & pipeline system and is directly connected with dredging cost and working period. However, the hydraulic transport mechanism in the slurry flow inside the pipeline such as frictional losses, specific energy consumption, deposition velocity has not been well established. In this study a new dredging test loop system was designed and built. It is composed of a slurry pipeline with pipes of different diameters, a centrifugal slurry pump and a diesel engine connected with the slurry pump. and equipped with modern measuring facilities that enable to measure all important characteristics of a transportation system. The objective of this paper is to discuss the efficiency of the hydraulic transport of the Jumoonjin sand-water mixtures in the dredging test loop and to present simple equations induced from the test results of the loop that can express the transport product and the transport productivity.