• 소성∙가공
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.395-399
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• 2015

A microstructure-based finite element simulation was conducted to predict the plastic strain ratio (R-value) of a dual-phase (DP) steel. The representative volume elements (RVEs) concept was adopted for the image-based FE modeling and a 3D model was constructed using sequential 2D images. Each phase was considered with the von-Mises yield criterion and the Swift model. The Swift parameters were defined by the empirical equations based on the chemical composition. The developed model was applied to analyze the effect of residual stress on the R-value and stress distribution. In order to consider the residual stress development after cold rolling, 10 % compression was applied in the thickness direction and unloaded before the tensile stress was applied in the rolling direction. The results showed a reasonable prediction for the R-value evolution: a sharp increase at small strains was well described and a transition followed in the downward direction. The R-value evolution was analyzed using the stress distribution change on the π-plane

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.125-134
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• 2010

버스도착시간은 배차간격에 맞춰 차고지에서 출발한 버스가 해당정류장에 도착하는 시간을 말하며, 승하차 시간, 신호주기, 버스전용차로의 유무 등 여러 가지 교통여건으로 인하여 정류장에 도착할 때는 어느 정도의 오차를 발생시킨다. 본 연구에서는 다양한 교통여건을 반영하는 버스지체시간을 산출하여 정류장별 버스지체시간을 예측하고, 이를 이용하여 정류장별 버스도착시간을 예측하였다. 그 결과 본 연구의 조건과 같은 경우, $7{\times}7$ 행렬과 $9{\times}9$ 행렬을 이용하여 버스도착시간을 예측하였을 때 분석대상도시에서 기존에 사용 중인 가중이동평균법을 이용한 버스도착시간예측방법 보다 높은 정확도를 얻을 수 있었다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.572-582
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• 2001

A method of metal-hydride thermal conversion that is an alternative to the traditional method is proposed and investigated. The unit heat pump consists of reactors of two different metal-hydrides are distributed inside parallel channels filled with porous media. The channels are blown through with a heat-transfer agent. Thermal conversion develops as a set of successive heat waves. By a numerical-modeling method it is shown that the maximum thermal effect is attained in synchronous motion of the heat wave and the heat source (or sink) that accompanies the phase transition in the succession of unit metal-hydride pumps. The results are presented in a form convenient for prediction of the thermal and energy efficiency of the proposed thermal-conversion method in real devices.

• Spatial Information Research
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.177-183
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• 1997

토지이용 분류 체계상에서의 종류라는 개념은 토지이용 변화의 분류 체계성에 그대로 적용시킬 수가 있다. 본 연구에서는 선형 판별 함수를 원용하는 최우법(Maximum likelihood method)으로 산출되는 토지이용분류의 공간적 결과와 Markov 전이 행렬 방법으로 산출되는 정량적 결과가 상호 보완하는 의미에서 합성모형으로 통합되었다. 본 연구에서는 다변수 판별 함수의 계산법과 Markov 연쇄행렬 계산법에 관하여 토의되고 그 합성 모형을 대상 지역에 실제 적용하여 그 결과 '90년, '95년 토지이용도가 예측 작성되었다. 모형화의 문제 및 예측의 정확도 역시 더욱 토의 되어야 하며 추후 개선의 여지를 남긴다.

• 자연, 터널 그리고 지하공간
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.101-112
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• 2019

This case study presented a simplified failure mechanism approach used as a preliminary deformation prediction for the Mexico City's metro system expansion. Because of the Mexico City's difficult subsoils, Line 12 project was considered one of the most challenging projects in Mexico. Mexico City's subsurface conditions can be described as a multilayered stratigraphy changing from soft high plastic clays to dense to very dense cemented sands. The Line 12 trajectory crossed all three main geotechnical Zones in Mexico City. Starting from to west of the City, Line 12 was projected to pass through very dense cemented sands corresponding to the Foothills zone changing to the Transition zone and finalizing in the Lake zone. Due to the change in the subsurface conditions, different constructions methods were implemented including the use of TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine), the NATM (New Austrian Tunneling Method), and cut-and-cover using braced Diaphragm walls for the underground section of the project. Preliminary crown and excavation front deformations were determined using a simplified failure mechanism prior to performing finite element modeling and analysis. Results showed corresponding deformations for the crown and the excavation front to be 3.5cm (1.4in) and 6cm (2.4in), respectively. Considering the complexity of Mexico City's difficult subsoil formation, construction method selection becomes a challenge to overcome. The use of a preliminary results in order to have a notion of possible deformations prior to advanced modeling and analysis could be beneficial and helpful to select possible construction procedures.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.499-510
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• 2022

Computational Wind Engineering has rapidly grown in the last decades and it is currently reaching a relatively mature state. The prediction of wind loading by means of numerical simulations has been proved effective in many research studies and applications to design practice are rapidly spreading. Despite such success, caution in the use of simulations for wind loading assessment is still advisable and, indeed, required. The computational burden and the know-how needed to run high-fidelity simulations is often unavailable and the possibility to use simplified models extremely attractive. In this paper, the applicability of some well-known 2D unsteady RANS models, particularly the k-ω SST, in the aerodynamic characterization of extruded bodies with bluff sections is investigated. The main focus of this paper is on the drag coefficient prediction. The topic is not new, but, in the authors' opinion, worth a careful revisitation. In fact, despite their great technical relevance, a systematic study focussing on sections which manifest a fully detached flow configuration has been overlooked. It is here shown that the considered 2D RANS exhibit a pathological behaviour, failing to reproduce the transition between reattached and fully detached flow regime.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제20권7호
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• pp.1363-1368
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• 2016

비행 시뮬레이터에서는 조종사에게 실제와 흡사한 가상현실을 제공하기 위해서는 원활하면서 현실감 있는 이미지 처리를 위한 일정한 렌더링 속도가 요구된다. 하지만 고해상도 지형 데이터를 사용하는 경우, 개체의 증가로 인해 렌더링 속도가 감소하거나 속도의 변동이 큰 경우가 발생하는 경우가 발생하므로 기존의 연구들은 이를 해결하기 위하여 Level of Detail (LOD)를 적용한다. 하지만, LOD기법의 경우 정점 수가 늘어난 것을 감지한 이후 레벨의 변경을 적용하므로 화면의 변화가 감지되는 문제점이 발생한다. 이를 해결하기 위하여 본 논문에서는 예측 알고리즘을 통해 다음 시점에서 늘어날 렌더링 데이터에 대한 과부하를 예측하고 미리 LOD의 레벨을 조절하는 방법을 제안한다. 또한, 제안된 방법을 검증하기 위해서 예측 데이터와 실제 데이터와 비교하였고 그 결과 LOD 레벨을 조절하였을 때 정점수가 줄어들고 FPS 수치가 변화하는 모습을 보여주었다.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.98-106
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 많은 가스터빈 산업체 및 연구기관에서 연소불안정 현상과 관련된 변수들을 예측하기 위해 가장 보편적으로 이루어지고 있는 열음향 해석 모델에 대한 기술 소개 및 최근의 연구 동향을 분석하였다. 선형 시스템 해석을 통하여 연소 불안정이 발생하는 고유 주파수 및 불안정 초기 성장률의 예측이 가능하다. 이를 위하여 정의된 시스템에서의 음향파와 열발생율 섭동간의 선형 관계식을 선형 음향 이론으로부터 유도할 수 있고, 이 관계식의 해를 구하기 위해서 가장 중요한 부분은 화염 전달 함수로부터 n-${\tau}$ 함수를 구하여 열발생율 섭동 결과에 대한 정보를 얻는 것이다. 현재까지의 연구 결과로부터 선형 특성 해석에는 상당한 진보가 이루어져 왔고, 실제 가스터빈 연소기에 적용하는 노력이 있었으나, 한계 진폭과 과도기 현상 예측을 위해서 요구되는 비선형 동적 특성 모델링 기술 개발은 현재 간단한 연소기와 버너의 적용에 머물러 있는 실정이다. 실제 복잡한 가스터빈과 같은 연소 시스템에 적용되기 위해서는 비선형 경계 조건을 고려한 시스템 동적 특성 연구와 화염의 비선형 거동을 더욱 정확히 설명할 수 있는 전달 함수에 대한 예측 기술이 선행되어야 한다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.219-228
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• 2018

Purpose: This study evaluated the feasibility of a near-infrared spectroscopy technique for the rancidity prediction of soybean oil. Methods: A near-infrared spectroscopy technique was used to evaluate the rancidity of soybean oils which were artificially deteriorated. A soybean oil sample was collected, and the acid values were measured using titrimetric analysis. In addition, the transmission spectra of the samples were obtained for whole test periods. The prediction model for the acid value was constructed by using a partial least-squares regression (PLSR) technique and the appropriate spectrum preprocessing methods. Furthermore, optimal wavelength selection methods such as variable importance in projection (VIP) and bootstrap of beta coefficients were applied to select the most appropriate variables from the preprocessed spectra. Results: There were significantly different increases in the acid values from the sixth days onwards during the 14-day test period. In addition, it was observed that the NIR spectra that exhibited intense absorption at 1,195 nm and 1,410 nm could indicate the degradation of soybean oil. The PLSR model developed using the Savitzky-Golay $2^{nd}$ order derivative method for preprocessing exhibited the highest performance in predicting the acid value of soybean oil samples. onclusions: The study helped establish the feasibility of predicting the rancidity of the soybean oil (using its acid value) by means of a NIR spectroscopy together with optimal variable selection methods successfully. The experimental results suggested that the wavelengths of 1,150 nm and 1,450 nm, which were highly correlated with the largest absorption by the second and first overtone of the C-H, O-H stretch vibrational transition, were caused by the deterioration of soybean oil.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.393-403
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• 2020

One of the growing concerns of the wind energy production is wind ramp events. To improve the wind ramp event forecasts, the nonlinear Kalman filter bias correction method was applied to 24-h wind speed forecasts issued from the WRF model at 70-m height in Zhangbei wind farm, Hebei Province, China for a two-year period. The Kalman filter shows the remarkable ability of improving forecast skill for real-time wind speed forecasts by decreasing RMSE by 32% from 3.26 m s_-1 to 2.21 m s_-1, reducing BIAS almost to zero, and improving correlation from 0.58 to 0.82. The bias correction improves the forecast skill especially in wind speed intervals sensitive to wind power prediction. The fact shows that the Kalman filter is especially suitable for wind power prediction. Moreover, the bias correction method performs well under abrupt weather transition. As to the overall performance for improving the forecast skill of ramp events, the Kalman filter shows noticeable improvements based on POD and TSS. The bias correction increases the POD score of up-ramps from 0.27 to 0.39 and from 0.26 to 0.38 for down-ramps. After bias correction, the TSS score is significantly promoted from 0.12 to 0.26 for up-ramps and from 0.13 to 0.25 for down-ramps.