• The Microorganisms and Industry
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.2-5
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• 1990

IgA is the predominant immunoglobulin isotype in mucosal secretions(1). It has been reported that a population of Peyer's patch T cells can selectively induce IgM bearing B cells to switch to surface IgA bearing B cells(2,3). Further, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-6 alone and in combination, can significantly influence murine IgA B cell differentiation in vitro(4-7). However, it remains an open question which cytokines have a major role in class switching to the IgA isotype. Recently, it has been reported that transforming growth factor .betha.1(TGF .betha.1) alone, or in combination with IL-2 increases IgA secretion by LPS-activated surface IgA negative (sIgA$\^$-/) murine spleen B cells while concurrently downregulating IgM and IgG secretion by such cells(8-11). In the present study, limiting dilution analysis was used to demonstrate, at the clonal level, that TGF .betha.1 has siginificant activity as an IgA isotype switch factor.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.317-324
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• 1996

Osteoclast has been known as a primary responsible cell for the bone resorption. The activation of osteoclast, therefore, may be the key event in the regulation of bone growth and remodeling. Various factors were reported to have influence on the resorbing activity of osteoclast in organ culture. Among those factors, transforming growth factor-$\beta$ (TGF-$\beta$) has been known to have a profound effect on bone metabolism. Since a large amount of TGF-$\beta$ presents in bone tissue, it may be important for the understanding the regulatory mechanism of bone resorption to elucidate the effect of TGF-$\beta$ on the osteoclast. We have reported the dlsaggregated chick embryonic osteoclast culture as an useful assay method for determining the resorption activity of osteoclast. In this culture, we found that TGF-$\beta$ significantly enhaced the osteoclastic bone resorption activity. We also found that the timulatory effect seemed to be an indirect one that is mediated by other cells. As nordihydroguaiaretic acid significantly inhibited the TGF-$\beta$1-induced osteoclastic bone resorption, we suggest that the lipoxygenase derivative of arachidonic acid may participate in the action of TGF-$\beta$ as a paracrine or an autocrine mediator.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.1857-1862
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• 2013

Dermal fibroblasts produce the many components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) that are needed to maintain connective tissue integrity and repair tissue injuries. This study investigated the effects of Areca catechu extract (ACE) on dermal fibroblast cell activation. Cultured human dermal fibroblasts were treated with ACE, and then ECM production was determined by ELISA, Western blot and RT-PCR. ACE significantly accelerated the production of type 1 collagen, fibronectin, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-${\beta}1$ by ELISA and type 1 collagen by Western blot assay. ACE also increased the gene expression of COL1A1, TGF-${\beta}1$, keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) and insulin growth factor (IGF)-1. These results suggest that ACE has the potential to stimulate ECM production and that it might be suitable for maintaining skin texture.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.267-275
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• 1998

돼지 수정란의 체외생산은 난자의 체외성숙과 체외수정에 관한 기술의 부족으로 아직까지 만족스럽지 못한 수준이다. 특히 돼지 수정란의 체외생산에는 복잡한 세포질의 성숙과정과 높은 다정자침입율 및 전핵형성의 억제등의 문제점이 있다. 본 연구에서는 돼지 난자의 체외성숙 체계를 개선하기 위하여 transforming growth factor$\beta$(TGF$\beta$)의 첨가가 난자 및 난구세포에 미치는 효과에 대하여 검토하였다. 체외성숙용 배지에 TGF$\beta$를 1~10ng/$m\ell$의 농도로 첨가하여 미성숙 난자를 배양한 결과 성숙율이 높아졌다. TGF$\beta$의 효과는 난구세포가 제거된 난자의 성숙에도 효과적이었다. TGF$\beta$(를 첨가하지 않은 배양액 내에서는 배양 24시간 까지 metaphase-II로 성숙된 난자가 관찰되지 않았으나 TGF$\beta$를 첨가한 배양액 내에서는 관찰되었다. 한편, 난구세포가 부착된 난자의 성숙배양시 TGF$\beta$의 첨가시기에 따른 차이는 없었으나, 난구세포를 제거한 난자의 경우에는 성숙배양 전반기(59%) 또는 후반기(57%) 24시간 동안에만 TGF$\beta$를 첨가하는 것이 48시간 동안 계속하여 첨가(27%)하는 경우 또는 비첨가(38%)에 비하여 유의적으로 높은 성숙율을 나타냈다(p<0.05). 이와 같은 결과는 난구 세포가 돼지 난자의 체외성숙에 필수적이지만 TGF$\beta$는 난구세포가 제거된 난자의 체외성숙에 어 느정도 유익한 효과를 발휘하는 것으로 추측된다.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.165.1-165.1
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• 2003

Transforming growth factor (TGF)-$\beta$, a hormonally active polypeptide found in normal and transformed tissue, is a potent regulator of cell growth and differentiation. In this study, we examined the effect of TGF-$\beta$ on invasion and motility of MCF10A human breast epithelial cells. TGF-$\beta$-induced migration and invasive phenotype of the parental MCF10A cells in a dose-dependent manner. Activity of MMP-2 promoter was increased by TGF-b, suggesting that the TGF-$\beta$-induced invasive phenotype may possibly be mediated by MMP-2 rather than MMP-9. (omitted)

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.208-212
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• 2014

Marfan syndrome is one of the collagen vascular diseases that theoretically predisposes patients to excessive radiation-induced fibrosis yet there is minimal published literature regarding this clinical scenario. We present a patient with a history of Marfan syndrome requiring radiation for a diagnosis of a right brachial plexus malignant nerve sheath tumor. It has been suggested that plasma transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-${\beta}1$) can be monitored as a predictor of subsequent fibrosis in this population of high risk patients. We therefore monitored the patient's TGF-${\beta}1$ level during and after treatment. Despite maintaining stable levels of plasma TGF-${\beta}1$, our patient still developed extensive fibrosis resulting in impaired range of motion. Our case reports presents a review of the literature of patients with Marfan syndrome requiring radiation therapy and the limitations of serum markers on predicting long-term toxicity.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.210-215
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• 2011

Objective: This study was performed to identify whether growth and differentiation factor-9 (GDF-9) and transforming growth factor-${\beta}1$ (TGF-${\beta}1$) expressions would be lower in the follicular fluid (FF) of those over age 35 who underwent IVF than under age 35. Methods: A total of 24 IVF cycles (20 patients) were included in this study. All of patients were stimulated for IVF by the GnRH short protocol and divided into two groups for analysis, according to their age: <35 group (14 cycles, 11 patients) vs. ${\geq}35$ group (10 cycles, 9 patients). The expression levels of GDF-9 and TGF-${\beta}1$ were determined by western blotting and quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The numbers of retrieved oocytes and metaphase II oocytes were significantly lower in the ${\geq}35$ group. Lower expression of GDF-9 and TGF-${\beta}1$ by western blotting in the ${\geq}35$ group were observed as well. The mean GDF-9 and TGF-${\beta}1$ levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were lower in the ${\geq}35$ group. The values were $6,850.5{\pm}928.4$ ng/L vs. $3,333.3{\pm}1,089.2$ ng/L of GDF-9 ($p$ <0.05) and $3,844.1{\pm}571.1$ ng/L vs. $2,187.7{\pm}754.0$ ng/L of TGF-${\beta}1$ ($p$ <0.05). A negative correlation between GDF-9 and age was observed (r=-0.546, $p$=0.006). Conclusion: GDF-9 and TGF-${\beta}1$ production from stimulated ovaries during IVF appears to decrease with age.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.335-340
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• 2004

Mesangial expansion caused by cell proliferation and glomerular extracellular matrix accumulation is one of the earliest renal abnormalties observed at the onset of hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus. Transcription factor Sp1 is implicated in the transcriptional regulation of a wide range of genes participating in cell proliferation, and is assumed to play an essential role in mesangial expansion, transforming growth factor (TGF)-$\beta$1, plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1. We have generated a phosphorothioated double-stranded Sp1-decoy oligodeoxynucleotide that effectively blocks Sp1 binding to the promoter region for transcriptional regulation of TGF-$\beta$1 and PAI-1. The Sp1 decoy oligodeoxynucleotide suppressed transcription of these cytokines and proliferation of primary rat mesangial cells in response to serum stimulation. These results suggest that the Sp1 decoy oligodeoxynucleotide could bea powerful tool in preventing the pathogenesis of renal hypertrophy.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.343-347
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• 2002

Bovine colostrum contains various bio-functional Proteins. Especially, transforming: growth factor-${\beta}$1 (TGF-${\beta}$1) has a function in concerns with immune response. The purpose of this study was to establish the purification Processing of transforming growth factor-${\beta}$1(TGF-${\beta}$1). The highest concentration of TGF-${\beta}$1 was measured within 48 h after parturition in bovine colostrum using ELISA kit. Purification of TGF-${\beta}$1 from whey protein was carried out by the gel filtration, AF-heparin chromatography and AF-heparin rechromatography. After final purification step, TGF-${\beta}$1 with a molecular weight of 25 kD was obtained, and confirmed by silver staining and western blotting. Finally, TGF-${\beta}$1 was identified native form of 25 kD and reducing form of 12.5 kD by reducing agent.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2020

An extracellular matrix protein, transforming growth factor-beta-induced protein (TGFBIp/βig-h3), which is induced by transforming growth factor-β in the human cornea, skin, and matrix of many connective tissues, is associated with the adhesion, migration, proliferation, and differentiation of various cells. TGFBIp contains four homologous repeat domains, known as FAS1 domains, where certain mutations have been considered to cause corneal dystrophies. In this study, backbone NMR assignments of FAS1-3/FAS1-4 tandem domain were obtained and compared with those previously known for the isolated FAS1-4 domain. The results corroborate in solution the inter-domain interaction between FAS1-3 and FAS1-4 in TGFBIp.