• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.3 no.2 s.6
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• pp.115-130
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• 1995

The National Geographic Institute(NGI), a national mapping agency, has begun to digitalize national base maps to vitalize nation-wide GIS implementations. However, the NGI's cartographic database design reflects only paper map production and is considered inflexible for various applications. In order to suggest an appropriate data model and database implementation method, approaches of two mapping agencies are analyzed: the United State Geological Survey and Ordnance Survey in the United Kingdom One important finding from the analysis is that each data model is designed to achieve two production purposes in the same time : map and data. By taking advantageous features from the two approaches, an ideal model is proposed. To adapt the ideal model to tile present situation in Korean GIS community, a realistic model is generated, which is an 'SDTS-oriented' data model. Because SDTS will be a Korean data transfer standard, it will be a common basis in developing other data models for different purposes.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.105-111
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• 2016

Introduction: Surgical robot is the alternative instrument that substitutes the difficult and precise surgical operation; should have intuitiveness operationally to transfer natural motions. There are limitations of hand motion derived from contacting mechanical handle in the surgical robot master interface such as mechanical singularity, isotropy, coupling problems. In this paper, we will confirm and verify the feasibility of intuitive Non-restraint master interface which tracking the hand motion using infra-red camera and only 3 reflective markers without the hardware handle for the surgical robot master interface. Materials & methods: We configured S/W and H/W system; arranged 6 infra-red cameras and attached 3 reflective markers on hands for measuring 3 dimensional coordinate then we find the 7 motions of grasp, yaw, pitch, roll, px, py, pz. And we connected Virtual-Master to the slave surgical robot(Laparobot) and observed the feasibility. To verify the result of motion, we compare the result of Non-restraint master and that of clinometer (and protractor) through measuring 0~180 degree, 10degree interval, 1000 samples and recorded standard deviation stands for error rate of the value. Results: We confirmed that the average angle values of Non-restraint master interface is accurately corresponds to the result of clinometer (and protractor) and have low error rates during motion. Investigation & Conclusion: In this paper, we confirmed the feasibility and accuracy of 3D Non-restraint master interface that can offer the intuitive motion of non-contact hardware handle. As a result, we can expect the high intuitiveness, dexterousness of surgical robot.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.87-107
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• 2017

Because of the creation and transfer of born-digital records, file unit-based record description practices have changed fundamentally. In this study, we analyzed the archival description practices of The National Archives (TNA) to maintain intellectual control in the digital records management environment and to support the access to records of users. TNA has created an archival description based on ISAD(G) but, for describing born-digital records, it changed the guideline for descriptive cataloging practices. As the method of ISAD(G) cannot adhere to born-digital records, the next-generation descriptive standard, Records in Contexts (RiC), is still being developed by ICA. In addition to international efforts, we need to build an archival description system that fits our environment, especially because since the year 2000, TNA's online cataloging system has changed and ISAD(G) has been modified in this process. This study also proposed continuous monitoring of digital archival descriptions, provides an integrated approach to analog records and digital content and strengthens experimentation and cooperation toward an uncertain digital future.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.50 no.11
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• pp.141-149
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• 2013

IETF 6LoWPAN standard technique has been studied in IoT environment to support the IPv6 packet communication. 6LoWPAN protocol for transmission of packets mainly in the AODV routing protocol and a variety of extended techniques have been investigated. In particular, consisting of nodes with limited resources in a network error occurs when the 6LoWPAN reliable data transfer and fast routing method is needed. To this end, in this paper, we propose resilient routing protocol and extension of IETF LOAD algorithm, for optimal recovery path, More specifically, the optimal recovery path setup algorithm, signal flow, and detailed protocols for the verification of the reliability of packet transmission mathematical model is presented. The proposed protocol techniques to analyze the performance of the NS-3 performance through the simulation results that is end-to-end delay, throughput, packet delivery fraction and control packet overhead demonstrated excellence in comparison with existing LOAD.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.32 no.10
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• pp.3629-3633
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• 2011

The effect of a dense $TiO_2$ blocking layer prepared using the sol-gel method on the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells was studied. The blocking layer formed directly on the working electrode, separated it from the electrolyte, and prevented the back transfer of electrons from the electrode to the electrolyte. The dyesensitized solar cells were prepared with a working electrode of fluorine-doped tin oxide glass coated with a blocking layer of dense $TiO_2$, a dye-attached mesoporous $TiO_2$ film, and a nano-gel electrolyte, and a counter electrode of Pt-deposited FTO glass. The gel processing conditions and heat treatment temperature for blocking layer formation affected the morphology and performance of the cells, and their optimal values were determined. The introduction of the blocking layer increased the conversion efficiency of the cell by 7.37% for the cell without a blocking layer to 8.55% for the cell with a dense $TiO_2$ blocking layer, under standard illumination conditions. The short-circuit current density ($J_{sc}$) and open-circuit voltage ($V_{oc}$) also were increased by the addition of a dense $TiO_2$ blocking layer.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.163-182
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• 2020

Coupled thermo-mechanical analysis of reinforced concrete slab at elevated temperatures from a fire accounting for nonlinear thermal parameters is carried out. The main focus of the paper is put on a one-way continuous reinforced concrete slab exposed to fire from the single (bottom) side as the most typical working condition under fire loading. Although contemporary techniques alongside the fire protection measures are in constant development, in most cases it is not possible to avoid the material deterioration particularly nearby the exposed surface from a fire. Thereby the structural fire resistance of reinforced concrete slabs is mostly influenced by a relative distance between reinforcement and the exposed surface. A parametric study with variable concrete cover ranging from 15 mm to 35 mm is performed. As the first part of a one-way coupled thermo-mechanical analysis, transient nonlinear heat transfer analysis is performed by applying the net heat flux on the exposed surface. The solution of proposed heat analysis is obtained at certain time steps of interest by α-method using the explicit Euler time-integration scheme. Spatial discretization is done by the finite element method using a 1D 2-noded truss element with the temperature nodal values as unknowns. The obtained results in terms of temperature field inside the element are compared with available numerical and experimental results. A high level of agreement can be observed, implying the proposed model capable of describing the temperature field during a fire. Accompanying thermal analysis, mechanical analysis is performed in two ways. Firstly, using the guidelines given in Eurocode 2 - Part 1-2 resulting in the fire resistance rating for the aforementioned concrete cover values. The second way is a fully numerical coupled analysis carried out in general-purpose finite element software DIANA FEA. Both approaches indicate structural fire behavior similar to those observed in large-scale fire tests.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.85-94
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• 2008

When an RFID reader uses the same frequency or adjacent frequency with neighbor readers, the interference might occur. These interferences cause the RFID reader collision and errors during tag recognition. Therefore, the international standard for RFID and some papers proposed the methods to reduce the reader collision. The reader interference is closely related to the distance between the readers haying interference and used frequency band. In the previous RFID reader anti-collision algorithms, the location of readers inducing interference which is closely related to interference of readers is not considered. Only the reader collision is tried to reduce through frequency transfer after collisions occur or modification of frame size in relation to collision probability based a TDM(Time Division Multiplex). In this paper, the genetic algorithm using two-dimensional chromosome which reflect readers' location is proposed to prevent reader collision effectively. By executing evolutionary operation with two-dimensional chromosome, the location information having influence on reader interference can be used. The repair operation in the proposed algorithm makes all reader stably recognize their tags.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.68 no.3
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• pp.29-50
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• 2016

This study examined the determinants of housing affordability using the 2014 fact-finding survey of housing. This study identified the effects of characters of districts as well as the effects of characters of family and housing, taking advantage of HGLM(Hierarchical General Linear Model). The results of this study showed that male householder, higher education level, the monthly housing, higher satisfaction of environment of housing are the factors that increased the odds of living at unaffordable housing, but higher income, public transfer recipient, living at sub-standard housing, the Jensei housing are the factors that decreased the odds of living at unaffordable housing. And the higher housing price, the higher rent of the districts increased significantly the odds of living at unaffordable housing, but the higher rate of public housing of the districts decreased the odds of living at unaffordable housing. This study provides the basis that the price of housing and rent should be controled and the policy of public housing should be expanded for housing welfare.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.183-196
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• 2015

The concept of energy-efficient networking has begun to spread in the past few years, gaining increasing popularity. A common opinion among networking researchers is that the sole introduction of low consumption silicon technologies may not be enough to effectively curb energy requirements. Thus, for disruptively boosting the network energy efficiency, these hardware enhancements must be integrated with ad-hoc mechanisms that explicitly manage energy saving, by exploiting network-specific features. The IEEE 802.3az Energy Efficient Ethernet (EEE) standard is one of such efforts. EEE introduces a low power mode for the most common Ethernet physical layer standards and is expected to provide large energy savings. However, it has been shown that EEE may not achieve good energy efficiency because mode transition overheads can be significant, leading to almost full energy consumption even at low utilization levels. Coalescing techniques such as packet coalescing and interrupt coalescing were proposed to improve energy efficiency of EEE, but their implementations typically adopt a simple policy that employs a few fixed values for coalescing parameters, thus it is difficult to achieve optimal energy efficiency. The paper proposes adaptive interrupt coalescing (AIC) that adopts an optimal policy that could not only improve energy efficiency but support performance. AIC has been implemented at the sender side with the Intel 82579 network interface card (NIC) and e1000e Linux device driver. The experiments were performed at 100 M bps transfer rate and show that energy efficiency of AIC is improved in most cases despite performance consideration and in the best case can be improved up to 37% compared to that of conventional interrupt coalescing techniques.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.7773-7780
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• 2015

Analysis of existing kettle and its heating system has been the topic for localization technology development. Test pieces are made, polished and etched for existing kettle analysis. Surface of test pieces is observed using SEM, the kettle is verified to be made by deep drawing process from Ferrite-Perlite material. The kettle is also identified to be plated $16{\sim}49{\mu}m$ of thickness with Nickel(16%). Also heat transfer characteristics based on hot wire arrangement is investigated and optimal hot wire system is developed. Developed control system detects overheating and stops the whole system on the long operating time. Developed kettle takes the performance evaluation test for volume expansion and satisfied for standard 'KS G3602'.