• Asian Oncology Nursing
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.217-228
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• 2001

Cancer survivor's self-help group may promote psychosocial adjustment in cancer patients. Self-transcendence has been shown to be related with crisis and adjustment in women with breast cancer. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of self-transcendence promoting program to facilitate self-transcendence, physical, and emotional well-being in women with breast cancer. Thirty patients who received mastectomy were recruited, but 9 subjects of experimental group and 14 subjects of control group participated in this study. Subjects of experimental group attended the self-help group for self-transcendence once a week for 6 weeks. Each session of program was proceeded for 2hours and the program contained activities for promoting self-transcendence, stress management, communication skill, exercise and relaxation, symptom management, and family support. Data were collected by self-reporting questionnaires within seven days after mastectomy and after the program was finished in experimental group, within 7 days after mastectomy and after 3 months in control group. Self-transcendence was assessed using the self-transcendence scale (STS) developed by Reed. Physical well being was assessed using Symptom distress scale (SDS) developed by McCorkle and Young and emotional well being was assessed using Profile of mood states (POMS). As a result, no significant differences were found between both groups in changes of self-transcendence, emotional well-being, and physical well-being. Self-transcendence score was significantly decreased in control group (p =0.16). But that of experimental group showed no decrease. In conclusions, when the self-transcendence promoting program is provided to the patients with breast cancer, it can be helpful for promoting self- transcendence. For the further study, repeated research with appropriate sample size and more intensive nursing intervention to promote self-transcendence is suggested. And reassessment after 6 months is recommended for testing long term effects of the program.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.405-418
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• 2016

This study was conducted to explore the influences of loss experiences and depression on ego-integraty and transcendence of elderly Koreans and to identify gender differences in the relationships among loss experiences, depression, ego-integrity, and transcendence from 146 men and 194 women aged over 60 years in Busan, Gyeong-Nam, and Gyeong-Buk area. The main results were as follows: elderly men reported more loss experiences and transcendence than elderly women. Next, loss experiences influenced ego-integrity and depression mediated the relationship between loss experiences and ego-integrity. Also, ego-integrity had a direct effect on transcendence. Last, depression of elderly men fully mediated the relationship between loss experiences and transcendence. The relationship between loss experiences and ego-integration was partially mediated by depression for elderly women. These results were discussed in terms of gero-education and elderly welfare.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.128-140
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a self-transcendence enhancement program and examine its effect on self-transcendence, spiritual well-being, and psychological well-being in elderly women who live alone. Methods: A self-transcendence enhancement program was developed through theory, literature review, and in-depth interviews. The theoretical framework came from the Psychoeducational Approach to Transcendence and Health intervention model based on Reed's middle-range theory of self-transcendence. The program consisted of multiple modalities in a structured, theory-based program lasting for eight weekly sessions. Using a single-group pretest-posttest design, the program was tested on a group of 40 elderly women aged 75 to 84 years living alone in Daejeon, Korea. Participants completed self-reported study questionnaires before and after the program at the elderly welfare center. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 24.0, with significance level set at .05. Paired t-test was used to compare mean differences before and after the program. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 79.1 years. After completing the program, the participants showed higher levels of self-transcendence (t=8.78, p<.001), overall spiritual well-being (t=8.30, p=.002), religious spiritual well-being (t=1.79, p=.040), existential spiritual well-being (t=6.75, p=.002), and positive affect (t=3.77, p=.001) than they did before the program. They also reported lower levels of depression (t=-7.59, p<.001) and negative affect (t=-6.15, p<.001). Conclusion: The self-transcendence enhancement program developed in this study may be effective for improving the level of self-transcendence in elderly women living alone and helping them to attain spiritual and psychological well-being.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.480-489
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine self-transcendence, spiritual well-being, and death anxiety of elderly. Method: This was a descriptive survey study. Data were collected from March to June, 2013, from 243 elderly persons. Questionnaires were used in order to solicit information on self-transcendence, spiritual well-being, and death anxiety. Descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, and stepwise multiple regression were used in analysis of data. Results: Average scores were 2.96 for self-transcendence, 4.19 for spiritual well-being, and 3.08 for death anxiety. Statistically significant negative correlations were observed between self-transcendence and death anxiety, spiritual well-being and death anxiety. However, from the statistical point of view, significantly positive correlation was observed between self-transcendence and spiritual well-being.. Spiritual well-being, health status, and gender were significant predictors of self-transcendence. Conclusion: This study will provide basic information for use in development of a program to encourage a healthy lifestyle for elderly persons.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.1-13
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• 1997

Recently, much of attention has been given to the role of values in pro-environmental behaviors. The reasons are that most of environmental pollution comes from the home-living and polluting behavior is motivated by the undesirable value pursuing self-interests. This study is designed to investigate the effect of values on environmental behaviors. The results of this study are as following: Homemakers' value structure had 'self-transcendence·conservation' value, 'self-enhancement·conservation' value and 'openness-to-change' value as value factors. And the homemakers thought of self-transcendence·conservation value as "most important" and self-enhancement·conservation value as "not important". Consequently, homemakers had a tendency to do more pro-environmental behaviors when they perceived self-transcendence·conservation value as "more important value", while they did less when they regarded self-enhancement·conservation value as "more important". Therefor self-transcendence·whereas self-enhancement·conservation value is a negative predictor. Especially, self-transcendence·conservation value had more influence on pro-environmental behaviors than self-enhancement·conservation value.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.595-605
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• 2000

This Qualitative nursing research used a hermeneutic phenomenological approach to discover meaning in an self-transcendence experience. The ultimate aim of the inquiry was to discover the essence of self-transcendence experience and to promote understanding. The study used van Manen's Methodology of phenmonological research. Multiple strategies for data collecting were utilized : in depth face-to-face interview and analysis of elders' literature. The following themes of experience emerged : Accepting becoming older as a natural phenomenon, transferring to one's own sons' and daughters' oriented life. Maintaining harmonious relationship with neighbors and peer, observing real situations with silence, forming internal integrity with perseverance, compromising own's real situation, actualizing one's death, giving up roots of life, depending on God and conforming to human limitation. From this study essential themes for understanding self-transcendence experience and needs for continuing inquiry were identified.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.582-593
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to identify predictive factors of successful aging and to determine mediating effect of transcendence between successful aging and influencing factors of community-dwelling elders in Korea. 162 elders were participated in this study who visited seniors welfare center and senior citizen center. Data were analyzed by PASW 18.0 for t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficients and hierarchical regression analysis. Transcendence, parent-child relationship, depression, spirituality and perceived economic status were statistically significant influencing factors, explained 77% of successful aging in community-dwelling elderly. The mediating role of transcendence was identified about parent-child relationship, depression, spirituality and perceived economic condition. The study findings demonstrated that transcendence was significant variable affecting successful aging. The variables affecting successful aging such as transcendence, parent-child relationship, depression, spirituality, perceived economic status can be utilized for nursing strategies to successful aging in community-dwelling elders.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.6679-6687
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• 2015

purpose : The purpose of this study was examine the effect of self-transcendence and loneliness on quality of life of the elderly. Method : This was a descriptive survey study. The subjects was 171 elderly persons. Descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, and stepwise multiple regression were used in analysis of data. Results : Average score were 2.7 for self-transcendence, 2.0 for loneliness, and 3.0 for quality of life. Statistically significant positive correlations were observed between quality of life and self-transcendence. however, from the statistical point view, significantly negative correlation was observed between quality of life and loneliness. self-transcendence, economic status, general health status, loneliness and spouse were significant predictors of quality of life. Conclusion : This study will provide basic information for use in development of a program to encourage a quality of life for elderly persons.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.378-387
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore predictors of successful aging in older Korean women based on a recent mid-range nursing theory, the Successful Aging Theory (SAT). Methods: This study utilized a descriptive correlational design. The convenience sample was composed of 174 older women living in the community. Successful aging was measured using the Successful Aging Inventory (SAI). Transcendence was measured using the Self-transcendence Scale (STS). Adaptation was measured using the Coping behavior scale. Stepwise multiple regression was used to identify significant predictors of successful aging. Results: Transcendence, adaptation, and religion were shown to be predictive of successful aging. This regression model explained 56% of the variance in successful aging. The factor with the highest influence was transcendence which explained 52% of the variance. Conclusion: Gerotranscendence-promoting interventions can be an important consideration in caring for older Korean women. Adaptation and spirituality should be included in a holistic aging care.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.139-158
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• 2018

Considering that the subject of innovation of SMEs is the CEO, it is very important to study the innovation behavior of the CEO at the individual level. The purpose of this study is to examine factors affecting innovation work behavior of SME CEOs. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of self-compassion and self-transcendence on innovation work behavior, which are the emotional intelligence factors that show the psychological growth and potential of individual, and the career ambition and positive psychological capital did. In order to verify the research hypothesis, we analyzed 238 questionnaires collected from CEOs and executives of SMEs focused on auto parts and manufacturing. Factors affecting innovation behavior of SME CEO are summarized as follows. First, career ambition has a positive effect on positive psychological capital. Second, positive psychological capital has a positive effect on innovation work behavior. Third, self-compassion of CEO has positive influence on self - transcendence. Fourth, the self-transcendence of CEO has a positive effect on innovation work behavior. This study confirms the relationship between CEO career ambition, positive psychological capital, self-compassion, self-transcendence, and innovation work behavior of SME CEO and confirms the influence relationship between positive psychological capital and self-transcendence It is meaningful. Finally, theoretical and practical implications were discussed based on the results of the study.