• Horticultural Science & Technology
• /
• v.35 no.4
• /
• pp.393-401
• /
• 2017

One-year old pear (Pyrus pyrifolia L.) trees of a new commercial cultivar 'Manpungbae', recently developed in South Korea, were planted in 2001 (planting year 1) and trained to four trellis systems: Y-trellis, Y-II-trellis, pergola, and vase-pergola. To evaluate training systems in the local area (southern Korea), tree growth responses were compared for each trellis system from planting years 3 to 8. For trees trained to Y-trellis and pergola systems, a high proportion of land covered by tree canopy was maintained over the study duration, with 70-80% coverage in year 8. Eight-year cumulative yield per tree was increased in the vase-pergola system with a low planting density and an additional scaffold. Compared with other systems, cummulative yield use efficiency was greatest in Y-II-trellis and pergola systems in years 5 and 8. Compared with Y-II-trellis and vase-pergola systems, the 8-year cumulative yield per hectare was two fold greater for trees trained to the Y-trellis (103 tons) and pergola systems (101 tons). Use of the pergola system improved average fruit weight and fruit soluble solid contents, as well as net income in year 8. Given that we observed reduced fruit productivity and increased labor hours (pruning and orchard work), we consider the Y-trellis and pergola systems to be less valuable trellis systems than the others evaluated.

• School Mathematics
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.19-41
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this article was to a) identify how preservice teachers conceive feedbacks and subsequent classroom discourses, and b) compare them with those in reform-oriented mathematics classroom video for mathematics teachers' professional development about classroom discourse. This article analyzes feedback patterns and subsequent classroom discourses in preservice teachers' imaginary classroom scripts (lesson plays) and compares them with those in the reform-oriented classroom video dealing with the same teaching situation. Most of the preservice teachers' feedbacks focused the evaluation of students' responses and transmission of meaning (univocal function), whereas the teacher's feedback in the reform-oriented classroom allowed the whole class to validate or challenge the answers, thereby facilitating students' generation of meaning (dialogic function). The comparison analysis between the univocal discourse in a preservice teacher's lesson play and the dialogical discourse in the reform-oriented classroom video shows that teacher feedback serves as an important indicator for the main function of classroom discourse and the levels of students' cognitive participation, and also as a variable that determines and changes them. This case study suggests that to improve the quality of classroom discourse, preservice and in-service teachers need experience of perceiving the variety of feedback patterns available in specific teaching contexts and exploring ways to balance the univocal and dialogical functioning in their feedback move during the teacher training courses.

• Fire Science and Engineering
• /
• v.26 no.5
• /
• pp.41-47
• /
• 2012

As a core process in the manufacture of state-of-the-art industrial technologies such as semiconductor and LCD, a clean room is the most important process which can affect the performance and quality of products drastically. Nevertheless, scientific research on comprehensive safety measures from a fire protection standpoint is not being carried out in Korea. This study aims to derive measures to improve smoke control systems by identifying performance and problems of smoke systems installed in clean rooms as an LCD manufacturing process and analyzing fire and evacuation simulations considering several scenarios. As a result of analysis of fires and smoke in a clean roomas an LCD manufacturing process, it is found to be necessary to stop air handling units through interlocking in case of a fire and exhaust smoke out of the room through the top of FAB in consideration of buoyancy of smoke. It is also found to be necessary to install quick response sprinkler heads and accessories to accelerate the response time, because the heat-accumulating performance of sprinkler heads decreases in this application. Despite its low density of dwelling due to the automation process, clean room is characterized by an array of complex production equipment and working environment requiring dustproof clothes, which makes it difficult to acquire evacuation safety performance. Thus, thorough control of danger factors in processes and periodic education and training are required. It is also necessary to establish a level of domestic technologies equivalent to the level of standards of advanced countries in fire protection.

• Fire Science and Engineering
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.104-111
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study is to investigate the CPR within ambulance. The Subjects were 890 emergency medical technicians in fire department in Gyeonggido. After continuing education program, the emergency medical technicians completed the questionnaires from January to February, 2012. Questionnaire consisted of demographic characteristics, method of chest compression (one handed or two handed), chest compression - ventilation ratio, and hands only CPR. Data were analyzed by frequency analysis and Chi-square test, t-test. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was followed by Scheffe post-hoc test to analyze changes in all parameters between all groups. One handed chest compression accounted for 14.0% and two handed chest compression accounted for 86.0%. Hands only CPR accounted for 71.7% and standard CPR (30:2) accounted for 28.3%. In order to perform the high quality CPR, as least three persons must be dispatched in the ambulance. The flexible management of manpower may improve the survival from the cardiac arrest. A systemic approach for educating and training EMT's in CPR is needed.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.629-655
• /
• 2014

This study aims to explore the characteristics of environmental catalysts which have affected the development of music giftedness of the disadvantaged students. For this purpose, this study deals with nineteen disadvantaged gifted in music and examines their self-evaluation test, personal statement, and interview. Based on Gagn$\acute{e}$'s environmental catalysts of differentiated model of giftedness and talent(DMGT), the analysis of the interviews conveys the milieu of the disadvantaged gifted hardly exerts positive influences on their musical activities and studies. While concerning music and supporting their children financially and emotionally, parents unintentionally tend to exert negative influences on their children for their misapprehension of giftedness and incompetent advice. On the whole, the disadvantaged gifted hardly admit their teachers as experts in music. In relation to provisions, most students participate in extra school and local program and none of them participates in music gifted program. They are not satisfied with the quality in education. Despite the importance of the events such as crystallizing experience, award-winning, and performance, most students don't have enough events for inspiring their giftedness. As a conclusion, this study gives a proposition for a strategy to improve the environmental catalysts for the disadvantaged gifted in many different ways: the improvement of social recognition, the enhancement of parent consulting and teachers training programs, and the development and diffusions of more qualified gifted programs and so on.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.121-126
• /
• 1970

The utilization of soybean milk has lasted for past several thousand years, mostly in Orient as a Precious food or as a substitute for cow's milk. There are several hundred varieties in soybean that is called Glycine max Merryl There are three typical varieties, Yellow, Black and Green. However, these are due to pigment in soybean cuticle while their chemical constituents are similar (Table 2). Soybean milk is constituted of protein, fat and carbohydrate of soybean, and these constituents are extracted by hot water. Thus becomes emulsion which is highly digestible and nutritious for human diet. However, it was not found any report on the water extractability comparison between two different varieties Black cuticle soybean which is common in India and Yellow cuticle soybean which is common in Korea. Also there was no report on the comparison on the yield and organoleptic quality derived by varied process. Also several attempts were carried out to improve nutritional value as well as acceptability by use of food additives. A model of continuous soybean milk plant was introduced.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.35-45
• /
• 2018

Objective : Questionnaires completed by occupational therapists and patients in institutions conducting a "Pilot Project of Rehabilitation Medical Institutions" were used to determine whether occupational therapy was able to establish appropriate patient support systems for return to home and community. Methods : The questionnaire was completed by 293 occupational therapists from 13 institutions conducting pilot projects and 296 patients from 8 institutions who were able to respond. Results : Although the Pilot Project of Rehabilitation Medical Institutions is being implemented to enable early return of patients to activities of daily living, the most important therapeutic goal is not efficiently applied. In addition, since the health insurance systems utilized in medical institutions are applied as in the pilot project, there is no basis for evaluation and mediation of practical daily activities and vocational rehabilitation for actual return to the community. Conclusion : Through a detailed review of the pilot project, it will be necessary to improve the quality of life through the early return of patients to social activity, and to make practical improvements to reduce unnecessary societal expenditures.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.71-82
• /
• 2020

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to evaluate clinical utilization by measuring compliance with the use of mobile health applications (AtopyPHR developed in a previous study) for patients with atopic dermatitis. Methods : Based on the AtopyPHR and the input period and frequency survey results for each symptom item, a scenario for measuring compliance was derived. The study period was 4 weeks. Participants installed AtopyPHR app and Telegram app on their smartphones, conducted user training on the app, and recorded symptoms using the app for 4 weeks. At the 2nd and 4th week visits, the AtopyPHR data recorded by the user can be viewed on the web page and used for medical decision. Compliance was analyzed by the date the symptoms were recorded. Results : There were 28 participants, all (100%) were compliant, and the compliance was 96.8. The patients were 1 to 18 years old, and the average age was 8.2±5.7 years, 10 males and 18 females. The actual date of participation in recording symptoms was 28.6±0.56 on average. Compared to Week 1, compliance decreased at Week 2, and Week 4 had the highest compliance. Daily check, daily emotion, stool/urine/sleep, and meal management showed high compliance, SCORAD and quality of life were higher than required to record. Conclusions : AtopyPHR was effective in compliance. The results of this study could be used to collect personal health data in daily life through the AtopyPHR, improving participant compliance. It is considered to be meaningful because it measured the compliance with the symptom record actually recorded using the mobile app rather than a questionnaire. This study may be useful not only for personal health care but also for medical decisions, as opinions are given by experts who treat atopic dermatitis.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.11 no.10
• /
• pp.3726-3732
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of health exercise program to old Women's walking ability, depression and WHOQOL-BREF. Data were collected from April to June, 2007 from the falls experienced 70 women elderly. All subjects participated in 12 week health exercise program which was designed in order to develop walking ability. The data were analyzed using frequency, %, paired t-test. The results of this study were as followings; First, there was significant differences in the average time of chair stand (t=2.291, p=.025), one leg standing(Rt. leg)(t=2.236, p=.029), step length between before and after(t=4.015, p=.000) training of 12 week health exercise program. Second, there was non significant differences in depression(t=1.044, p=.300) but, significant differences in WHOQOL-BREF(t=3.528, p=.001). The WHOQOL-BREF in general quality of life(t=2.923, p=.005), physical(t=3.039, p=.003), psychological(t=2.481, p=.016), social(t=2.531, p=.014) and environment domain(t=4.259, p=.000) were significant differences. The results suggest that the 12 week health exercise program can improve the muscle endurance and balance, QOL.

• The Journal of Art Theory & Practice
• /
• no.1
• /
• pp.71-92
• /
• 2003

This study examined the condition of an educational discourse, relating the concept of creativity, culture, culture-centered, and critical thinking, to explore Culture-based Art Education(CBAE). In particular, art education practice was examined using interpretations of creativity and critical theory positions from the field of education. Discourse analysis was used as the research method to contextually situate and analyze the ways in which art education theory and practice of creativity and of critical studies encoded meanings. The study helped build an understanding that creativity was formed as a modernist discourse in the humanistic stance. In education, creativity became the fundamental concern for progressive educators who pursued innate ability of individuals. The way to enhance creative potential of students was to induce their motive, as was the same case in art education, while in artist training, free expression was its main method. In this way, as creativity was intimately connected with the concept of expression, in art education art making is the only course for enhancing creativity. However, because creative process cannot intelligently be regarded as logically distinct from the creative product, and creativity can only be said by product, it seems valid to think that creativity is the quality not to be achieved by teaching. Furthermore, its emphasis on art making resulted in unbalance of art making and art appreciation in art education. It was the late sixties when several alternatives for creative education were made their appearance. Critical studies in art adopted critical theory as its theoretical background has developed as an alternative of creative art education, when research and theory for creativity could not be adequate to deal with the problem of practice. Critical theory is a broad and diverse field of theory and practice drawing on aspects of the modernist perspective of the later Frankfurt School, feminism, Freirean pedagogy, postcolonial discourse as well as postmodernism to construct a practical approach to education. It is very this eclectic nature to provide the mosaic that need to experience cultures from different perspectives in a pluralistic society. Because one's personality is formed by multiple aspects of culture which is very complex and is made up of what we do and value, creativity cannot make part of educational discourse with the philosophy of culture centered. On the other hand, critical studies, as a school art program of critical theory, can perform the role of CBAE, because it would have to deal with the investigation of social and cultural issues form multiple personal, local, national, and global perspectives.