• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.68-87
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• 2016

This research conducted a survey for total 166 teachers of schools so as to analyze validity and satisfaction for performance objectives of SMB administration subsidy the HRDP and the CEP in Specialized High School. The results of research are as follows. First, teachers recognize that purpose of HRDP is to expand employment of specialized high school and provide human resource of SMB. And, they recognize that HRDP is important to improve school outcomes and makes a positive effect on the improvement of school outcomes. Second, teachers recognize that objectives of HRDP are improvement of student's understanding for SMB, improvement of teacher's understanding for SMB, improvement of SMB's understanding of school, cultivation of student's occupational view, systematization of career guiding program based on employment process, strengthening of industry-academia cooperation education, improvement of the level of student's skill, fulfillment of workplace experience and practice focusing workplace learning, training of customized human resource for SMB, improvement of student's adaptation to the workplace, improvement of employment rate for SMB, expansion of job opportunities for students with SMB, preparation of the base of connection between school and SMB, publicity of school, expansion of opportunities to cooperate between SMB and school, establishment of cooperative system among industrial association and school, introduction and operation of the employment connective model for joint education and employment, strengthening of field professionalism of teachers. However, satisfaction for the achievement of objectives of HRDP except for strengthening of industry-academia cooperation education and improvement of employment rate for SMB is relatively lower than the validity. Third, teachers in charge of human resource training business of middle and small sized company's specialized high school recognize that objectives of CEP are expansion of job opportunities for students with SMB, excavation of good-quality SMB, expansion of opportunities to cooperate between SMB and school, fulfillment of workplace learning, improvement of student's major foundation and in-depth skill, improvement of literacy, math, teamwork and communication abilities for students' job performance, improvement of student's working attitude and student's proper career exploration decision. However, satisfaction for achievement of objectives of CEP is relatively lower than the validity.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.53-65
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• 2019

Object tracking is one of important steps to achieve video-based surveillance systems. Object tracking is considered as an essential task similar to object detection and recognition. In order to perform object tracking, various machine learning methods (e.g., least-squares, perceptron and support vector machine) can be applied for different designs of tracking systems. In general, generative methods (e.g., principal component analysis) were utilized due to its simplicity and effectiveness. However, the generative methods were only focused on modeling the target object. Due to this limitation, discriminative methods (e.g., binary classification) were adopted to distinguish the target object and the background. Among the machine learning methods for binary classification, total error rate minimization can be used as one of successful machine learning methods for binary classification. The total error rate minimization can achieve a global minimum due to a quadratic approximation to a step function while other methods (e.g., support vector machine) seek local minima using nonlinear functions (e.g., hinge loss function). Due to this quadratic approximation, the total error rate minimization could obtain appropriate properties in solving optimization problems for binary classification. However, this total error rate minimization was based on a batch mode setting. The batch mode setting can be limited to several applications under offline learning. Due to limited computing resources, offline learning could not handle large scale data sets. Compared to offline learning, online learning can update its solution without storing all training samples in learning process. Due to increment of large scale data sets, online learning becomes one of essential properties for various applications. Since object tracking needs to handle data samples in real time, online learning based total error rate minimization methods are necessary to efficiently address object tracking problems. Due to the need of the online learning, an online learning based total error rate minimization method was developed. However, an approximately reweighted technique was developed. Although the approximation technique is utilized, this online version of the total error rate minimization could achieve good performances in biometric applications. However, this method is assumed that the total error rate minimization can be asymptotically achieved when only the number of training samples is infinite. Although there is the assumption to achieve the total error rate minimization, the approximation issue can continuously accumulate learning errors according to increment of training samples. Due to this reason, the approximated online learning solution can then lead a wrong solution. The wrong solution can make significant errors when it is applied to surveillance systems. In this paper, we propose an exactly reweighted technique to recursively update the solution of the total error rate minimization in online learning manner. Compared to the approximately reweighted online total error rate minimization, an exactly reweighted online total error rate minimization is achieved. The proposed exact online learning method based on the total error rate minimization is then applied to object tracking problems. In our object tracking system, particle filtering is adopted. In particle filtering, our observation model is consisted of both generative and discriminative methods to leverage the advantages between generative and discriminative properties. In our experiments, our proposed object tracking system achieves promising performances on 8 public video sequences over competing object tracking systems. The paired t-test is also reported to evaluate its quality of the results. Our proposed online learning method can be extended under the deep learning architecture which can cover the shallow and deep networks. Moreover, online learning methods, that need the exact reweighting process, can use our proposed reweighting technique. In addition to object tracking, the proposed online learning method can be easily applied to object detection and recognition. Therefore, our proposed methods can contribute to online learning community and object tracking, detection and recognition communities.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.28
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• pp.181-205
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• 2011

There are various discussions about introducing private investigation in South Korea these days, and training private investigators is one of the main topics. Training private investigators, unlike other training, is required to instill expertise and ethical quality into the trainees since the major task of the investigators includes protecting the lives of the citizens as well as their properties. Therefore, many agree to the idea that systematic educational programs need to be organized to produce private investigators with expertness and morality. In this study, we explored the opinions of those who are concerned with this issue of establishing private investigation in the university education and analyzed the data by using the NVivo 2 program. The result revealed that the reasons that people supported the idea of launching private investigator services were as follows. First, there is lack of manpower to maintain peace and public order in the country. Second, the police does not intervene actively and help harmed victims unless it is a consequential incident. Third, in position to wield public power, police officers cannot get involved in civil affairs. Also, absence of an academic institution to educate private investigators and lack of the police and clients' trust in private investigation were the two biggest reasons that people approved the proposal to introduce department of private investigation in universities. The interviewees of the study believed the outlook and future direction for private investigation would change depending on the status of the licensed private investigation business bill. Before the bill passes, they thought that the work of private investigators will be performed by insurance companies, foreign private investigation businesses, domestic consulting firms, and security providers which supply similar services. On the other hand, after the bill passes, they believed that numerous private investigator corporations resembling existing security corporations will be founded in addition to the current market, and that private investigation in the academic field will also be vitalized.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.27-42
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• 2022

Local education autonomy aims to improve the quality of life of local residents and to realize education considering local characteristics. For this purpose, it is necessary to strengthen the competency of local education administrative officials. This study intends to derive the competency of level 6 public officials who should play a central role in local education administrative officials, and to devise the subjects cluster and subjects of the long-term education program. The purpose of this study is to prepare a basic plan so that the education program for level 6 educational administrative officials can be developed in the future. For this study, an expert panel was composed of 20 people including education administrative officials and education program development experts. In addition, the Delphi survey was conducted three times to obtain opinions on the competency of level 6 educational administrative officials and the subjects cluster and subjects of the long-term education program. For the competency of level 6 educational administrative officials, the validity of the survey data was evaluated in the Delphi 1st survey and the validity of the revised data in the 2nd Delphi survey was conducted. And for the subjects cluster and subjects of the long-term education program for level 6 educational administrative officials, the validity of basic data was evaluated in the Delphi 2nd survey and the validity of the revised data in the 3rd Delphi survey was conducted. As a result, the competencies of level 6 educational administrative officials were extracted into nine competencies including coordination and integration competencies. And the long-term education program for level 6 educational administrative officials was developed with 13 subjects cluster and 43 subjects. And the relationship model between the competency of level 6 educational administrative officials and the subjects cluster and subjects of the long-term education program was derived. Based on the results of this study, it was proposed to operate a flexible curriculum for a long-term education program. In addition, the necessity of establishing a system that can reflect the educational training results in the actual educational field was suggested.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.206-212
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• 2008

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of pilot program on standard curriculum of hospice palliative care education; a basic training program for physician, nurse, social worker and clergies at hospice institute. Methods: To develop an educational program, we used the Education in Palliative and End-of-life Care (EPEC) program as a paradigm and modified it to be suited in our situation: The standard curriculum consists of 19 modules, and it is designed to be applied to the teaching methods, including lecture, interactive lecture, small group discussions, and role play. To verify its contents and teaching methods, we implemented a pilot program which consisted of 3 modules, using various teaching methods; trigger video tapes, interactive lecture, small group discussions, and role play. Results: Overwhelming majority were satisfied with the teaching methods and learner-centered methods, and agreed that the contents were clinically relevant to the care of dying patients. They also indicated that their attitudes would likely change as a result of the education. Conclusion: The effects of the pilot program on standard curriculum of hospice and palliative care are very positive and has broader implications for improving hospice palliative care education. For successful implementation of the program, trainers must also be prepared to teach effectively. Also it must be accompanied with train-the trainer program.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.52-59
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• 1997

Background : In many Nursing Delivery System, Nursing Department at D Hospital had used to traditional nursing practice model what is called functional activities based system. It has a lot of merit that carried out specialized and rapid works but tend to ignore indivisual professional responsibility and task-based work assignments. In addition this system showed high turnover rates due to heavy workload, timesum of handing over duties, lack of support from peers and interstaff communication. So we performed conversion of Nursing Delivery System to My Patients Nursing Care System for providing comprehensive nursing to patient and reducing turnover rates and increasing job satisfaction to nurse. Method : 1. 1st step(96.4.9): Detected the problem of Nursing delivery System and estabilished improving planning 2. 2nd step(96.4.26): Visited other hospital on job training 3. 3th step(96.4.29): Discussed to premonitoring problem after conversion Nursing Delivery System and prepared structure 4. 4th step(96.5.6): My Patients Nursing Care System practical application 5. 5th step(96.7.20): Held complementary meeting 6. 6th step(96. 7): The other ward application 7. 7th step(96. 10): Extended application to whole wards Results: 1. Workload: (1) reduction(55.6%) (2) addition(44.4%) 2. Strong points after conversion: (1) decreased timesum of handing overduties (35.2%) (2) increased responsibility(33%) (3) broaden nurse's outlook to duties(14.8%) 3. Shortcoming after conversion: (1) understanding difficulties except my patient(57.8%) (2) weak teamwork(23.3%) (3) intensive stress to low grade nurse(12.2%) 4. Effective complemental way: (1) manpower(76.7%) (2) conversion of though (8.9%) (3) education(14.4%) 5. Patient's satisfaction: (1) satisfaction(64%) (2) no effect(36%) 6. Physician and peer's satisfaction: (1) satisfaction(12.5%) (2) dissatisfaction(21.6%) (3) no interest(44.3%) 7. Nurse's satisfaction: (1) satisfaction(74.7%) (2) dissatisfaction(5.5%) (3) unknown(20.5%) 8. Want to continued: (1) want(76.4%) (2) try to any other system(18%) Conclusion : Even though Nursing Delivery System conversion still has many problem, we gained more merits than traditional nursing delivery system. So we suggest that My Patients Nursing Care System should be encouraged for comprehensive nursing care and satisfaction to nurses.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.167-181
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• 2012

This study analyzed consumer's harsh complaining behaviors and firm's reactions toward consumers' harsh complaining behavior, and investigated the differences in the firms' reactions according to the characteristics of counselors and customer service centers. In addition, this study attempted to find a strategy and provide guidance regarding consumer's harsh complaining behaviors. The results of this study are discussed below. First, consumer's harsh complaining attitudes were expressed by crude language, violent language, threats, personal attacks, and claims of a high-ranking social position. Consumer's directive, complaining behaviors were repeated on the telephone, and threats of prosecution or disclosure to the public, exposure of habitual product returns, and requests for interviews with superiorsat the representative firm were made. Second, a firm typologies according to its reaction style toward a consumer's harsh complaining behaviors were as follows: Group 1, having a neutral attitude toward consumers and preparation thoroughly regarding their demands; Group 2, having a negative attitude toward consumers and some degree of preparation toward consumers' demands; and finally, Group 3, having a positive attitude toward consumers but offering insufficient reparation regarding consumers' demands. Third, female counselors, counselors having a certified counselor's license, and those much experience working in labor work were more likely to be in Group 3. Male counselors, part-time counselors, and those having experience of many years were more likely to be in Group 2. Group 1 were more likely to have large number of workers at customer service centers, male counselors, and to have large numbers of educational training programs related to the reactions of consumers in the form of dissatisfaction, complaints, how to offer compensation for injuries to consumers, and issues related to PL(product liability). In addition, Group 1 also had more firm level welfare policies related to hight stress levels of consumer counselors and extra types of support regarding harsh consumers. However, Group 2 members were more likely to provide excessive compensation and rewards to harsh consumers. Finally, to react to consumer's harsh complaint efficiently, it was suggested that firms should not treat consumers as harsh consumers, should react to consumers' complaints sincerely, and should take precautionary management efforts as regards consumer dissatisfaction based on better quality control of products. In addition, it was deemed necessary to formulate a management strategy to train competent consumer counselors with a high quality of counselor skill, having standardized and consistent reaction guidance toward consumer complaints and thorough knowledge of compensation rules for consumer injuries and subsequent guidance.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.31-48
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• 2016

This study investigated how music therapists perceive the professionalism of the profession. A total of 98 certified music therapists completed the online survey for a 46.7% response rate, and 78 questionnaires were included in the analysis after excluding incomplete responses. The results of this study demonstrated that music therapists show a high level of standards for music therapy professionalism in general. Meanwhile, the respondents gave their lowest rating on the perception of their occupation as a social service addressing the needs of society. The majority of respondents rated the level of their professionalism as high and they tended to identify individual competency as the most important factor. Also, there were significant differences in perceived professionalism depending on the length of clinical practice and level of education. These results indicate that the quality of training may contribute to a high level of perception on professionalism. Also, lower levels of perception on social aspects of the professionalism support the need for continuing education to broaden the understanding of professionalism. Given the importance of professionalism in enhancing the quality of care for clients and expanding the profession, further studies were suggested to increase understanding of the music therapy professionalism and propose strategies for maintaining the professionalism of music therapists.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.71-98
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• 2016

Librarian certification in Korea is issued by the LIS Departments, the Academy of Librarianship, and the Academic Credit Bank system; however, it has been pointed out that there is a limit to how much these nurture high quality librarians, because the education quality and contents varies from education institutions and there is no verification method for certification issued by educational programs. Therefore, this study investigated certification systems of academic or training programs that are conducted at home and abroad, analyzed how the certification systems are oriented, what the purpose and criteria of the certification systems are, and what the content of assessment is. As a result of this investigation, several areas needing change were identified which if adopted can improve the system. These included making amendments to the library laws related to the certification system, substantially revising the relevant enforcement ordinance, making changes to the selection of the Certification authority, establishing certification standards and procedures, developing contents related to document examination and due diligence audits, rating the effects of the certification system, and setting standards. Improving the Librarian Certification System has been discussed over the past 20 years and should not be delayed any longer because of the university structural reform of the current government, the rapid rise of the qualified librarians, decreasing employment due to the human resources supply and demand imbalances, all of which has resulted in a survival crisis of four-year Department of Library and Information Science.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.354-368
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to explore the direction of application and quality management plan of science curriculum of elementary and middle school according to the 2009 revised curriculum. In order to do this, nationwide survey was administered. The subject was 126 elementary school teachers and 88 middle school science teachers. It was founded that teachers had negative opinion on the introduction of the grade cluster system. They considered that it was appropriate to link the contents of Science subject with Practical Arts(Technology Home Economics) subject by similar topic. Science classes were implemented without changing the number of class hours in most schools. They recognized the necessity of differentiated instruction in science classes, but they seldom applied the differentiated instruction. And they suggested that the teaching-learning materials, evaluation materials and contents be provided to apply the STEAM. This study designates the following strategic supports for the effective implementation of 2009 revised science curriculum; 1) the science teachers training program to provide useful information for understanding and teaching the 2009 revised science curriculum, 2) the teachers' community in the school, 3) the development and provision of the feasible STEAM plans.