• Title/Summary/Keyword: Training Quality

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Relationship between physical activity and oral frailty among older adults in Korea (한국 노인의 신체활동과 구강노쇠의 관련성)

  • In-Ja Kim;Dong-Ae Kim
    • Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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    • v.24 no.5
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    • pp.423-436
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    • 2024
  • Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effects of physical activity on oral frailty in older Korean adults. Methods: The data from 1,320 individuals aged 65 years and older, derived from the 8th Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2019), were subjected to complex sample statistical analysis. Oral frailty was assessed based on the presence of one or more functional impairments according to the following five criteria: difficulty chewing, difficulty speaking, number of natural teeth, brushing frequency, and use of oral hygiene products. Results: Chewing discomfort and difficulty speaking were highest in the 76-80 age group at 44.5% and 18.1%, respectively (p<0.01). The proportion of patients with 20+ natural teeth decreased from 72.2% (65-70) to 45.3% (75-80) (p<0.001). The daily brushing rate was 50.2% in the 65-70 group. Chewing discomfort was reported by 26% of those who walked 4-6 days a week (p<0.01). Moderate-intensity activity was linked to lower chewing discomfort (22.9%) and speaking difficulty (7.4%) compared with higher levels in inactive individuals (30.4%, 14.9%) (p<0.01). Brushing three times daily was observed in 52.9% of walkers and 33.9% of non-walkers (p<0.001). Oral hygiene product use varied significantly according to activity level (p<0.05). Conclusions: Physical activity significantly affects oral frailty, highlighting the need for targeted training and policy development.

Implementation of a Micro Drill Bit Foreign Matter Inspection System Using Deep Learning

  • Jung-Sub Kim;Tae-Sung Kim;Gyu-Seok Lee
    • Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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    • v.29 no.10
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    • pp.149-156
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    • 2024
  • This paper implemented a drill bit foreign matter inspection system based on the YOLO V3 algorithm and evaluated its performance. The study trained the YOLO V3 model using 600 training data to distinguish between the normal and foreign matter states of the drill bit. The implemented inspection system accurately analyzed the state of the drill bit and effectively detected defects through automatic inspection. The performance evaluation was performed on drill bits used more than 2,000 times, and achieved a recognition rate of 98% for determining whether resharpening was possible. The goal of foreign matter removal in the cleaning process was evaluated as 99.6%, and the automatic inspection system could inspect more than 500 drill bits per hour, which was about 4.3 times faster than the existing manual inspection method and recorded a high accuracy of 99%. These results show that the automated inspection system can dramatically improve inspection speed and accuracy, and can contribute to quality improvement and cost reduction in manufacturing sites. In future studies, it is necessary to develop more efficient and reliable inspection technology through system optimization and performance improvement.

Enhancing On-Site Construction Machinery Handling through 3D Spatial Gesture-Based Trajectory Interpreter Modeling

  • Du LI;Ying WANG;Hung-Lin CHI
    • International conference on construction engineering and project management
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    • 2024.07a
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    • pp.629-636
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    • 2024
  • In construction projects, the safety and productivity of machinery operations are of paramount importance. Contemporary research and industry endeavors predominantly concentrate on equipping machine operators with sensory information and establishing a comprehensive situation-aware operating environment, such as virtual reality-based machine manipulation training. However, significant limitations exist in direct information exchange and processing by on-site personnel. Notably, research on analyzing communication patterns in construction machinery operations remains scarce despite its critical role in preventing hazardous instructions/actions and enhancing machinery work efficiency. Thus, this research aims to (1) develop a novel interpreter modeling system predicated on millimeter-wave radar technology and (2) select the crane as an illustration to investigate the potential applications of this emerging communication paradigm during construction machinery operations. In this investigation, a spatial gesture signal interpreter was devised specifically for machine operators and signalers to augment the quality of communication during the execution of spatial localization tasks. Corresponding limitations that will be encountered in current communication systems were also addressed. This research uses a 60 GHz millimeter wave radar as a gesture trajectory detector, with the benefits of portability and robustness. Its millimeter-level precision enables the capture of highly accurate micro-gestures. The research constructs a novel 3D Spatial Gesture-based Trajectory Modeling system, which will be compared with traditional communication models in future research stages.

Developing a Model for Autobiography Writing to Promote Mental Health Using an AI Powered Platform

  • Jinsu Chung;Jaewon Lee;Wontaek Oh;Sungmin Kim;Juwon Lee;Sangwoo Kim
    • Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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    • v.31 no.3
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    • pp.1-14
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    • 2024
  • Purpose: This study aims to make it easier for anyone to write an autobiography by utilizing AI technology, allowing individuals to reflect on their lives and reaffirm their identity, ultimately enhancing their self-esteem. Through this research, the necessity of promoting mental health for the elderly is emphasized, and it seeks to provide foundational data contributing to new approaches for improving quality of life. Methods: Basic data for program development were collected in April 2024. Subsequently, the AI beta version was used to identify issues, which were then addressed and improved upon. Results: The results of this study are as follows: First, it was confirmed that structuring the autobiography writing program and providing clear guidelines are essential. Second, the importance of the role of conversation companions and the need for their prior training were emphasized. Third, ensuring the accessibility and ease of participation in the program was shown to enhance participant engagement. Fourth, further empirical research is necessary to verify the effectiveness of the program. Conclusion: This study confirmed that an autobiography writing model utilizing an AI-based platform can contribute to improving older adults' mental health. Older adults who struggle to use digital devices can become more comfortable with them through this program. Additionally, autobiographical writing activities that involve reflecting on their lives and narrating their stories according to various themes provide older adults with the opportunity to achieve a sense of self-integration. Finally, if this program is disseminated in a manner that suits the characteristics of older adults, it can play a significant role in improving their mental health.

A Study on the Characteristics Measurement of Main Engine Exhaust Emission in Training Ship HANBADA (실습선 한바다호 주기관 배기가스 배출물질 특성 고찰에 관한 연구)

  • Choi, Jung-Sik;Lee, Sang-Deuk;Kim, Seong-Yun;Lee, Kyoung-Woo;Chun, Kang-Woo;Nam, Youn-Woo;Jung, Kyun-Sik;Park, Sang-Kyun;Choi, Jae-Hyuk
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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    • v.19 no.6
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    • pp.658-665
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    • 2013
  • In this study, we measured particulate matter(PM) which emerged as the hot issue from the International Maritime Organization(IMO) and the exhaust emission using HANBADA, the training ship of Korea Maritime University. In particular, the PM was obtained with TEM grid. PM structure was observed by electron microscopy. And exhaust gases such as NOx, $CO_2$, and CO were measured using the combustion gas analyzer(PG-250A, HORIBA). The results of this study are as follows. 1) When the ship departed from the port, the maximum difference in PM emissions were up to 30 % due to the Bunker Change. 2) Under the steady navigation, emission of PM was $1.34mg/m^3$ when Bunker-A is changing L.R.F.O(3 %). And, at the fixed L.R.F.O (3 %), emission of PM was $1.19mg/m^3$. When the main engine RPM increased up to 20 % with fixed L.R.F.O(3 %), emission of PM was $1.40mg/m^3$. When we changed to low quality oil(L.R.F.O(3 %)), CO concentration from main engine increased about 16 %. On the other hand, when the main engine RPM is rising up to 20 %, CO concentration is increased more than 152 percent. These results imply that the changes of RPM is a dominant factor in exhaust emission although fuel oil type is an important factor. 3) The diameter of PM obtained with TEM grid is about $4{\sim}10{\mu}m$ and its structure shows porous aggregate.

A Study on the Nurse's Response for the Clinical Application of Nursing Diagnosis (간호진단 임상적용을 위한 교육프로그램의 효과 및 간호사의 반응조사 연구)

  • Chun, C.Y.;Lim, Y.S.;Kim, Y.S.;Park, J.W.;Cho, K.S.
    • The Korean Nurse
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    • v.29 no.1
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    • pp.59-71
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    • 1990
  • Although the usefulness and importance of clinical application of nursing diagnosis are well recognized by the academic circle, it is not yet generally practiced. In order to provide data for establishing a policy for clinical nursing diagnosis; a study was made at a seminar, sponsored by the Department of nursing, Severance Hospital, with participation of 190 nurses from 33 hospitals. The objective of the study was to find out; 1) if the nurses agree with the academic community in recognizing the benefits and problems of clinical application of nursing diagnosis; 2) how the nurses evaluate their ability to carry out nursing diagnosis; and 3) if educational programs would help enhance ability of nursing diagnosis among nurses. The summary of findings by the study is as follows; 1. While all nurses responded positively on the question of benefits improving science and quality of nursing, thus elevating credibility and position of nurses, some expressed concern on the practicality of the system in setting up nursing objectiveness, confirming the nursing problems and utilizing patient information. For the 20 questions and the scale of 1~5, the lowest average score was 3.223 and the highest 4.066. 2. The study attempted to find out the opinion of the nurses on the problems that 'would make difficult to adopt the nursing diagnosis in clinics. The result of the study indicates the nurses believe the major problems are the fact that the subject of nursing diagnosis are not well defined and that the form sheets do not match with the ones that are currently being used. However, comparing it with the result of the previous study on the same question (inadequate manpower and insufficienf time allocated for the job were two major problems pointed out then.), it can be said that the opinion of the nurses studied this time was much more positive and it suggests that they believe the system can be adopted without increasing manpower and only by giving additional training and by adjusting the format of nursing record sheets. It suggests that the future for adopting a clinical nursing diagnosis is very bright. 3. As the most urgent problem to be solved for adopting clinical nursing diagnosis, 38. 5% responded that it was "education of nurses, "and 34.2% responded that it was "staffing adequate number of nurses". 4. For the 10 questions asked for self-evaluation of ability to adopt the system, with the scale of 1~5, average score was lower than 3. This indicate that they evaluate their ability to adopt the system is low. 5. The results of study taken before and after the educational programs for clinical nursing diagnosis were compared with overall score in order to determine if such program would cause changes in the response to the effect of clinical application of nursing diagnosis, and it was found that there was statistically significant changes suggesting that the education contributed to positive change in the response. 6. The results of study taken before and after the educational programs for clinical nursing diagnosis were compared with overall score in order to determine how the proble~ ms for adopting nursing system would be effected by such educational programs, and it was found that those problems be not soived with a short course of training. 7. The results of study taken before and after the educational programs for clinical nursing diagnosis were compared with overall score in order to determine if such programs would bring changes in the self-evaluation of nurses on the ability of nursing diagno sis, and it was found that program improve score of self-evaluation their ability of the nursing diagnosis. As seen in the above reports, it was found that the nu'rses are very positive about the clinical nursing diagnosis, that educational program for the clinical nursing diagnosis helps nurses for positively changing their attitude for ,the nursing diagnosis, for their self-confidence on their ability to perform nursing diagnosis. With improved know-how and self"confictence of nurses gained through educational and .training programs, the future of clinical application of nursing diagnosis is very bright.diagnosis is very bright.

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Context Prediction Using Right and Wrong Patterns to Improve Sequential Matching Performance for More Accurate Dynamic Context-Aware Recommendation (보다 정확한 동적 상황인식 추천을 위해 정확 및 오류 패턴을 활용하여 순차적 매칭 성능이 개선된 상황 예측 방법)

  • Kwon, Oh-Byung
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.51-67
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    • 2009
  • Developing an agile recommender system for nomadic users has been regarded as a promising application in mobile and ubiquitous settings. To increase the quality of personalized recommendation in terms of accuracy and elapsed time, estimating future context of the user in a correct way is highly crucial. Traditionally, time series analysis and Makovian process have been adopted for such forecasting. However, these methods are not adequate in predicting context data, only because most of context data are represented as nominal scale. To resolve these limitations, the alignment-prediction algorithm has been suggested for context prediction, especially for future context from the low-level context. Recently, an ontological approach has been proposed for guided context prediction without context history. However, due to variety of context information, acquiring sufficient context prediction knowledge a priori is not easy in most of service domains. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to propose a novel context prediction methodology, which does not require a priori knowledge, and to increase accuracy and decrease elapsed time for service response. To do so, we have newly developed pattern-based context prediction approach. First of ail, a set of individual rules is derived from each context attribute using context history. Then a pattern consisted of results from reasoning individual rules, is developed for pattern learning. If at least one context property matches, say R, then regard the pattern as right. If the pattern is new, add right pattern, set the value of mismatched properties = 0, freq = 1 and w(R, 1). Otherwise, increase the frequency of the matched right pattern by 1 and then set w(R,freq). After finishing training, if the frequency is greater than a threshold value, then save the right pattern in knowledge base. On the other hand, if at least one context property matches, say W, then regard the pattern as wrong. If the pattern is new, modify the result into wrong answer, add right pattern, and set frequency to 1 and w(W, 1). Or, increase the matched wrong pattern's frequency by 1 and then set w(W, freq). After finishing training, if the frequency value is greater than a threshold level, then save the wrong pattern on the knowledge basis. Then, context prediction is performed with combinatorial rules as follows: first, identify current context. Second, find matched patterns from right patterns. If there is no pattern matched, then find a matching pattern from wrong patterns. If a matching pattern is not found, then choose one context property whose predictability is higher than that of any other properties. To show the feasibility of the methodology proposed in this paper, we collected actual context history from the travelers who had visited the largest amusement park in Korea. As a result, 400 context records were collected in 2009. Then we randomly selected 70% of the records as training data. The rest were selected as testing data. To examine the performance of the methodology, prediction accuracy and elapsed time were chosen as measures. We compared the performance with case-based reasoning and voting methods. Through a simulation test, we conclude that our methodology is clearly better than CBR and voting methods in terms of accuracy and elapsed time. This shows that the methodology is relatively valid and scalable. As a second round of the experiment, we compared a full model to a partial model. A full model indicates that right and wrong patterns are used for reasoning the future context. On the other hand, a partial model means that the reasoning is performed only with right patterns, which is generally adopted in the legacy alignment-prediction method. It turned out that a full model is better than a partial model in terms of the accuracy while partial model is better when considering elapsed time. As a last experiment, we took into our consideration potential privacy problems that might arise among the users. To mediate such concern, we excluded such context properties as date of tour and user profiles such as gender and age. The outcome shows that preserving privacy is endurable. Contributions of this paper are as follows: First, academically, we have improved sequential matching methods to predict accuracy and service time by considering individual rules of each context property and learning from wrong patterns. Second, the proposed method is found to be quite effective for privacy preserving applications, which are frequently required by B2C context-aware services; the privacy preserving system applying the proposed method successfully can also decrease elapsed time. Hence, the method is very practical in establishing privacy preserving context-aware services. Our future research issues taking into account some limitations in this paper can be summarized as follows. First, user acceptance or usability will be tested with actual users in order to prove the value of the prototype system. Second, we will apply the proposed method to more general application domains as this paper focused on tourism in amusement park.

The Effect of Herding Behavior and Perceived Usefulness on Intention to Purchase e-Learning Content: Comparison Analysis by Purchase Experience (무리행동과 지각된 유용성이 이러닝 컨텐츠 구매의도에 미치는 영향: 구매경험에 의한 비교분석)

  • Yoo, Chul-Woo;Kim, Yang-Jin;Moon, Jung-Hoon;Choe, Young-Chan
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • v.18 no.4
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    • pp.105-130
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    • 2008
  • Consumers of e-learning market differ from those of other markets in that they are replaced in a specific time scale. For example, e-learning contents aimed at highschool senior students cannot be consumed by a specific consumer over the designated period of time. Hence e-learning service providers need to attract new groups of students every year. Due to lack of information on products designed for continuously emerging consumers, the consumers face difficulties in making rational decisions in a short time period. Increased uncertainty of product purchase leads customers to herding behaviors to obtain information of the product from others and imitate them. Taking into consideration of these features of e-learning market, this study will focus on the online herding behavior in purchasing e-learning contents. There is no definite concept for e-learning. However, it is being discussed in a wide range of perspectives from educational engineering to management to e-business etc. Based upon the existing studies, we identify two main view-points regarding e-learning. The first defines e-learning as a concept that includes existing terminologies, such as CBT (Computer Based Training), WBT (Web Based Training), and IBT (Internet Based Training). In this view, e-learning utilizes IT in order to support professors and a part of or entire education systems. In the second perspective, e-learning is defined as the usage of Internet technology to deliver diverse intelligence and achievement enhancing solutions. In other words, only the educations that are done through the Internet and network can be classified as e-learning. We take the second definition of e-learning for our working definition. The main goal of this study is to investigate what factors affect consumer intention to purchase e-learning contents and to identify the differential impact of the factors between consumers with purchase experience and those without the experience. To accomplish the goal of this study, it focuses on herding behavior and perceived usefulness as antecedents to behavioral intention. The proposed research model in the study extends the Technology Acceptance Model by adding herding behavior and usability to take into account the unique characteristics of e-learning content market and e-learning systems use, respectively. The current study also includes consumer experience with e-learning content purchase because the previous experience is believed to affect purchasing intention when consumers buy experience goods or services. Previous studies on e-learning did not consider the characteristics of e-learning contents market and the differential impact of consumer experience on the relationship between the antecedents and behavioral intention, which is the target of this study. This study employs a survey method to empirically test the proposed research model. A survey questionnaire was developed and distributed to 629 informants. 528 responses were collected, which consist of potential customer group (n = 133) and experienced customer group (n = 395). The data were analyzed using PLS method, a structural equation modeling method. Overall, both herding behavior and perceived usefulness influence consumer intention to purchase e-learning contents. In detail, in the case of potential customer group, herding behavior has stronger effect on purchase intention than does perceived usefulness. However, in the case of shopping-experienced customer group, perceived usefulness has stronger effect than does herding behavior. In sum, the results of the analysis show that with regard to purchasing experience, perceived usefulness and herding behavior had differential effects upon the purchase of e-learning contents. As a follow-up analysis, the interaction effects of the number of purchase transaction and herding behavior/perceived usefulness on purchase intention were investigated. The results show that there are no interaction effects. This study contributes to the literature in a couple of ways. From a theoretical perspective, this study examined and showed evidence that the characteristics of e-learning market such as continuous renewal of consumers and thus high uncertainty and individual experiences are important factors to be considered when the purchase intention of e-learning content is studied. This study can be used as a basis for future studies on e-learning success. From a practical perspective, this study provides several important implications on what types of marketing strategies e-learning companies need to build. The bottom lines of these strategies include target group attraction, word-of-mouth management, enhancement of web site usability quality, etc. The limitations of this study are also discussed for future studies.

Strategies for Public Health Service Development in the Times of Local Autonomy (지방자치시대의 공공보건사업 발전 전략)

  • 박정한
    • Health Policy and Management
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    • v.12 no.3
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    • pp.1-22
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    • 2002
  • Health is a fundamental human right and a sine qua non for happiness of people and for national development. Government has a responsibility for the provision of health services for their people. Recent changes of disease pattern, i.e. decrease of Infectious diseases and increase of chronic and degenerative diseases Including cancer and cardiovascular diseases, together with universal coverage of health insurance and improved living standard have prompted medical care utilization and skyrocketed the national health expenses. The goal of national health policy is improving the quality of life through the betterment of health level. To achieve this goal it is necessary to establish a healthcare system for lifetime, to improve the efficiency of healthcare delivery system, and to strengthen the public health services for disease prevention and health promotion. The current public health service programs are Inefficient due to an inconsistent policy for health service program, lack of health information system, irrational health program planning and evaluation, and Inadequate training of health workers. Local government has a legal responsibility for health service program planning and promoting the competence of health workers. Thus, municipal and provincial health departments should expand their roles and strengthen their function. The strategies for developing public health service programs at local level are ${\circled}1$ stipulating the goals of health policy, ${\circled}2$ promoting the ability for health program planning and evaluation, ${\circled}3$ establishing health information and surveillance system, ${\circled}4$ training of health workers, ${\circled}5$ establishing an institution for health information management and training of health workers, and ${\circled}61$ collaboration with local universities.

Active Aging: Roles of Physical Activity and Immunity (건강한 노후 : 운동활동과 면역반응을 중심으로)

  • Park, Chan Ho;Kim, Ji-Seok;Kwak, Yi Sub
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.28 no.5
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    • pp.621-626
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    • 2018
  • We introduced the physiological responses of aging, active aging and also suggest the impact of physical exercise on body health status and elderly immunity. In this purpose, we searched the Pub Med data base for the articles (include our experimental papers) and review papers having the terms 'Aging', 'Active aging' and 'Physical activity and elderly' in the title, published from 1999 until 2018. The results were as follows: Exercise training has been extensively studied about the reduction of inflammation, oxidative stress, disease, and aging in syndrome X patients and elderly. Combined and aerobic or resistance exercise training could reduce obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and hypertension. Exercise training has been extensively studied in cancer settings as part of prevention or treatment strategies. From this research, regular exercise has the potential to target tumor growth through regulation of inflammation and immune responses such as lactate clearance, NK cell activation (innate immunity), activation of cytotoxic immune cells, T cell activation (adaptive immunity), and immune surveillance. However, Endurance physical activity not only induces thermogenesis and diverse sports injuries but also elicits mobilization and functional enhancement of monocytes, neutrophils (which is caused by the cytokine changes such as TNF-alpha, IL-1) whereas it suppresses cell mediated immunity causing to increased susceptibility to inflammation and infections like cough and URTIs (upper respiratory track infections) in young and especially in elderly people. Therefore, Strategies to prevent physical fatigue, sports injuries include avoid overtraining, Adequate recovery and various type of rest during and after physical activity and assuring adequate nutrition supplementation such as glutamine, vitamin B, vitamin C, carbohydrate, ion or berry-contain sports beverages is helpful in physically active elderly.