• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.239-247
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• 2008

Low back disorders (LBDs) have been the most common musculoskeletal problem in Korean workplaces. It affects many workers, and is associated with high costs to many companies as well as the individual, which can negatively influence even the quality of life of workers. The _evaluation of low back disorder risk associated with manual materials handling tasks can be performed using variety of ergonomic assessment tools such as National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Revised Lifting Equation (NLE), the Washington Administrative Code 296-62-0517 (WAC), the Snook Tables etc. But most of these tools provide limited information for choosing the most appropriate assessment method for a particular job and in finding out advantage and disadvantage of the methods, and few have been assessed for their predictive ability. The focus of this study was to _evaluate spinal loads in real time with lifting and pulling heavy cow leathers in variety of postures. Data for estimating mean trunk motions were collected as employees did their work at the job site, using the Lumbar Motion Monitor. Eight employees (2 males, 6 females) were selected in this study, in which the load weight and the vertical start and destination heights of the activity remained constant throughout the task. Variance components (three dimensional spaces) of mean trunk kinematic measures were estimated in a hierarchical design. They were used to compute velocity and acceleration of multiple employees performing the same task and to repetitive movements within a task. Therefore, a results of this study could be used as a quantitative, objective measure to design the workplace so that the risk of occupationally related low back disorder should be minimized.

• Journal of the HCI Society of Korea
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.53-59
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• 2007

Several researches in 3D interaction have identified and extensively studied the four basic interaction tasks for 3D/VE applications, namely, navigation, selection, manipulation and system control. These interaction schemes in the real world or VE are generally suitable for interacting with small graspable objects. In some applications, it is important to duplicate real world behavior. For example, a training system for a manual assembly task and usability verification system benefits from a realistic system for object grasping and manipulation. However, it is not appropriate to instantly apply these interaction technologies to such applications, because the quality of simulated grasping and manipulation has been limited. Therefore, we introduce the intuitive and natural 3D interaction haptic interface supporting high-precision hand operations and realistic haptic feedback.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1991 no.05
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• pp.65-70
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• 1991

A hybrid model which uses a probabilistic model and a MLP(multi layer perceptron) model for pattern recognition of EMG(electromyogram) signals is proposed in this paper. MLP model has problems which do not guarantee global minima of error due to learning method and have different approximation grade to bayesian probabilities due to different amounts and quality of training data, the number of hidden layers and hidden nodes, etc. Especially in the case of new test data which exclude design samples, the latter problem produces quite different results. The error probability of probabilistic model is closely related to the estimation error of the parameters used in the model and fidelity of assumtion. Generally, it is impossible to introduce the bayesian classifier to the probabilistic model of EMG signals because of unknown priori probabilities and is estimated by MLE(maximum likelihood estimate). In this paper we propose the method which get the MAP(maximum a posteriori probability) in the probabilistic model by estimating the priori probability distribution which minimize the error probability using the MLP. This method minimize the error probability of the probabilistic model as long as the realization of the MLP is optimal and approximate the minimum of error probability of each class of both models selectively. Alocating the reference coordinate of EMG signal to the outside of the body make it easy to suit to the applications which it is difficult to define and seperate using internal body coordinate. Simulation results show the benefit of the proposed model compared to use the MLP and the probabilistic model seperately.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.303-319
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• 2003

This study was designed to examine the extent of job-related stress and job satisfaction and factors affecting job satisfaction of educare center teachers. Special attention was given to the differences due to the various organizational types of educare centers. Two hundred and twenty two public and private educare center teachers of C city were drawn as samples of this study. Self-administered questionnaire method containing items (m job-related stress, Job satisfaction and socio-demographic background was employed and the data were analyzed with SPSSWlN using descriptive statistics, factor analysis and regression analysis. Findings suggested that the major job-related stresses were related to work experiences, working hours, and the number of on-the-job training opportunities. Work place characteristics such as the total number of children in the class, working hours and wage also affected the level of Job satisfaction. Additionally significant statistical differences were found on the job-related stress and the job satisfaction between teachers in public and private educare centers. In the question of the effect of job-related stress on the job satisfaction, job-related stress explained 12% of work-satisfaction, 33% of satisfaction related to the current working place. Accordingly it was possible to draw a conclusion that educare center teachers' job-related stresses. were not ascribed by personal characteristics but by work-related factors such a, poor administrative support low wage and the overwhelming task related stressors The main stressor of job satisfaction was poor administrative support. Differences on job-related stress and job satisfaction_between among teachers of public and private unit were distinctive throughout the study. These results, implicate that workshops are recommended to help diminish the job-related stress among educare center teachers. It is imperative that enhanced work benefits and improved working environment will in turn enhance the quality of services in educare centers.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.152-161
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• 2010

Purpose: The aim of this project was to develop a patient safety-focused inservice education program for surgical nurse and to test the effects of this program. Methods: Methodological designs for instruments development, a pretest-posttest and a posttest design were employed. After the education, nurses' satisfaction, confidence, usefulness and application of 137 nurses were evaluated at 15 surgical units of a tertiary teaching hospital in Seoul, Korea. The education contents are 6 skill areas (infusion pump use, suction, chest tube drainage, oxygen administration, nebulizer use, insulin administration) and medication knowledge. Teaching methods were lecture, instructor demonstration, and 1:1 skill test. Descriptive statistics, Wilcoxon test, Spearman's correlation and Stepwise regression were used. Results: Satisfaction scores for skills and medication education were 4.00-4.21 (out of 5), The more performance frequency in 6 skills, the higher score in confidence as well as in usefulness and application, and the higher satisfaction with the program, the higher score in usefulness, application, confidence, and medication knowledge. Medication knowledge improved after the education (Z=-7,757, p<.001). Significant predictors of skill confidence were application of skills in job performance, medication confidence, and career in present unit. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that systematic and continuous inservice education will improve patient safety by promoting nursing quality.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.4139-4147
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• 2014

The aim of this study was to review the characteristics of teacher education curriculum and reform tendency between China and Korea. This study used literature analysis of various studies, catalogs, documents of education universities in China and Korea. The results were as follows. Some common features in the teacher education curriculum were observed, such as the purposes of education, constituent area of the curriculum, and subjects, such as pedagogy and practice teaching. Other differences included that China requires more credits for graduation than Korea, but the elective subjects are assigned fewer credits. In both countries, it is necessary to increase the relevant subjects (pedagogy, practice teaching) for the specialty of a preliminary teacher and establish a permanent system for the curriculum needs of students. In terms of reform tendency, both countries should change the training concept and teacher education philosophy, mainly on enhancing quality-oriented education, emphasizing the students' sustainable self development ability, as well as attaching importance to concept of lifelong education. These results are expected to be helpful in improving the teacher education curriculum in China and Korea.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.18-24
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• 2013

A document control system (DCS), ANSIM (KAERI Advanced Nuclear Safety Information Management) was designed for the purpose of documents preparation, review, and approvement for JRTR (Jordan Research and Training Reactor) project. The ANSIM system consists of a document management, document container, project management, organization management, and EPC (Engineering, Procurement and Construction) document folder. The document container folder run after specific contents, a revision history of the design documents and drawings are issued in KAERI. The EPC document work-scope is a registry for incoming documents in ANSIM, the assignment of a manager or charger, document review, preparing and outgoing PM memorandum as attached the reviewed paper. On the other hand, KAERI is aiming another extra network server for the NRR (New Research Reactor) by the end of this year. In conclusion, it is the first, computation system of DCS that provides document form, document number, and approval line. Second, ANSIM increases the productivity of performance that can be recognized the document work-flow of oneself and all participants. Finally, a plenty of experience and knowledge of nuclear technology can be transmitted to next generation for the design, manufacturing, testing, installation, and commissioning. Though this, ANSIM is expected to allow the export of a knowledge and information system as well as a research reactor.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.49-53
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• 2020

This study aimed to identify the characteristics of 40 chemical accidents that occurred in Jeollabuk-do from 2004 to 2019. During this time, there were 2.5 accidents per year on average in the province; their types were classified as spill/leak, fire, explosion, adverse reaction, and complex. There were 34 leaks and six explosions, and they are categorized as follows: 12 by worker error, 16 from facility defects, and 12 by transport vehicle accidents. The substances involved in these accidents were ammonia (15%), sulfuric acid (12.5%), and silicon tetrachloride (7.5%). Notably, the rate of chemical accidents (75%) is the highest during spring and summer. In order to reduce chemical accidents, first, there should be compliance with the relevant laws. Second, the quality of safety education and training of workers should be improved. Finally, valuable government support is also necessary to improve facilities.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.637-646
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• 2012

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop the adaptive device for severe physical disabilities using smart device in the driving simulator and its performance evaluation. Development of appropriate driving adaptive device for the people with serious physical limitation could contribute to maintain their community mobility. Background: There is lack of adaptive driving devices for the people with disabilities in Korea. However, if smart device systems like iPod and iPhone are used for driving a car, the people with serious physical limitations can improve their community mobility. Method: Both gyroscope and accelerometer from iPod were used to measure the tilted angle of the smart device for driving. Customized Labview program was also used to control three axis motors for steering wheel, accelerator and brake pedals. Thirteen subjects were involved in the experiment for performance evaluation of smart device in simulator. Five subjects had driver licenses. Another four subjects did not have driver licenses. Others were people with disabilities. Results: Average driving score of the normal group with driver license in the simulator increased 46.6% compared with the normal group without driver license and increased 30.4% compared with the disabled group(p<0.01). There was no significant difference in the average driving score between normal group without driver license and disabled group(p>0.05). Conclusion: The normal group with driver license showed significantly higher driving score than other groups. The normal group without driver license and disabled group could improve their driving skills with training in simulator. Application: If follow-up studies would be continued and applied in adapted vehicle for on road environment, many people with more severe disabilities could drive and improve the quality of life.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.259-281
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• 2009

The ICELT(In-Service Certificate in English Language Teaching) is a highly practical course-based English teacher education program which integrates classroom teaching and off-site teacher training. This case study analyzes the three-year implementation of the ICELT program in Korea and discusses its effects and the implications for improving the inservice English teacher education system. It has been found that the course participants were satisfied with the quality of its execution, thinking that it contributed to their professional development in the areas of teaching practice, methodology and language competence. The study has identified several success factors as shared program goals among the course participants, including systematic selection of course participants, well-qualified tutors and the proper provision of resources including syllabus, teaching materials and course assessment system. Nonetheless, it has been suggested that attention needs to be paid to generalized application of the ICELT for English teacher education due to the limitations such as the heavy workload caused by the program, lack of course participants' collaboration with other teachers at their schools and tutors' poor understanding of the Korean education context. Bearing this in mind, the implications for improving the inservice English teacher education system in Korea have been discussed. Finally, further studies have been suggested, which are concerned with in-depth investigation in exploring the division of roles between native English speaking tutors and Korean ones and the impact of the program on the sustainability of course participants' professional development and the impact on schools.