• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.69-94
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• 1997

Recently, occurrence of alcohol-involved traffic accidents is increasing while all the accidents by violation of law except drunk driving. Traffic accidents by drunk driving has a great external cost. In detecting drunk driving, blood alcohol content Many studies reported close correlation between blood alcohol content and traffic accidents by drunk driving. The risk of traffic accidnet increases exponentially as blood alcohol content increases. To control traffic accidents by drunk driving, decide target population. Heavy drinkers are few and responsible for a small part of the loss while casual drinkers are many and responsible for a large part of the loss. Casual drinkers need to be included in the targer population for the control of traffic accident by drunk driving. Stragegies to reduce the quantity of alcohol consumed, change the pattern of drink, such as frequency of drinking, raise of perceived risk of accident need to be sought.

• Proceedings of the KOR-KST Conference
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• 1997.12a
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• pp.33-69
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• 1997

This study was conducted to develop a methodology to predict utility pole accident rates and to evaluate cost-effectiveness for safety improvement for utility pole accidents. The utility pole accident rate prediction model was based on the encroachment rate approach introduced in the Transportation Research Board Special Report 214. The utility pole accident rate on a section of highway depends on the roadside encroachment rate and the lateral extent of encroachment. The encroachment rate is influenced by the horizontal and vertical alignment of the highway as well as traffic volume and mean speed. The lateral extent of encroachment is affected by the horizontal and vertical alignment, the mean speed and the roadside slope. An analytical method to generate the probability distribution function for the lateral extent of encroachment was developed for six kinds of encroachment types by the horizontal alignment and encroachment direction. The encroachment rate was calibrated with the information on highway and roadside conditions and the utility pole accident records collected on the sections of 55mph speed limit of the State Trunk Highway 12 in Wisconsin. The encroachment rate on a tangent segment was calibrated as a function of traffic volume with the actual average utility pole accident rates by traffic volume strategies. The adjustment factors for horizontal and vertical alignment were then derived by comparing the actual average utility pole accident rates to the estimations from the model calibrated for tangent and level sections. A computerized benefit-cost analysis procedure was then developed as a means of evaluating alternative countermeasures. The program calculates the benefit-cost ratio and the percent of reduction of utility pole accidents resulting from the implementation of a safety improvement. This program can be used to develop safety improvement: alternatives for utility pole accidents when a predetermined performance level is specified.

• Proceedings of the KOR-KST Conference
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• 1997.12b
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• pp.35-72
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• 1997

This study was conducted to develop a methodology to predict utility pole accident rates and to evaluate cost-effectiveness for safety improvement for utility pole accidents. The utility pole accident rate prediction model was based on the encroachment rate approach introduced in the Transportation Research Board special Report 214. The utility pole accident rate on a section of highway depends on the roadside encroachment rate and the lateral extent of encroachment. The encroachment rate is influenced by the horizontal and vertical alignment of the highway as well as traffic volume and mean speed. The lateral extent of encroachment is affected by the horizontal and vertical alignment, the mean speed and the roadside slope. An analytical method to generate the probability distribution function for the lateral extent of encroachment was developed for six kinds of encroachment types by the horizontal alignment and encroachment direction. The encroachment rate was calibrated with the information on highway and roadside conditions and the utility pole accident records collected on the sections of 55mph speed limit of the State Trunk Highway 12 in Wisconsin. The encroachment rate on tangent segment was calibrated as a function of traffic volume with the actual average utility pole accident rates by traffic volume strategies. The adjustment factors for horizontal and vertical alignment were when derived by comparing the actual average utility pole accident rates to the estimations from the model calibrated for tangent and level sections. A computerized benefit-cost analysis procedure was then developed as a means of evaluating alternative countermeasures. The program calculates the benefit-cost ratio and the percent of reduction of utility pole accidents resulting from the implementation of a safety improvement. This program can be used to develop safety improvement alternatives for utility pole accidents when a predetermined performance level is specified.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.33-43
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• 2022

The number of car crashes increases along with the increasing number of vehicles. Hence, diverse initiatives on traffic accidents have been implemented, targeting zero crash fatalities. According to the 3rd Traffic Safety Master Plan of 2016, the current standard selecting road accident black spots prioritizes locations with the high cumulative death toll. While this standard is suitable for roads that a city government manages to some extent, it is not suitable for roads less than 20 meters that a borough (Gu) handles. The roads under the supervision of a borough do not have enough death toll, and thus improvements on its road accident black spots are highly limited. In addition, discovering the causes of traffic accidents is not easy when the number of car accidents is obtained by considering only fatal accidents, which are relatively low in number. Therefore, including all traffic accidents might identify causes of accidents and result in better advancements. Therefore, this research follows rational decision-making and suggests new National Traffic Safety Master Plan standards. These new standards are obtained by comparing accident costs between the location of fatal crashes and road accident black spots. The analysis result shows that considering all types of accidents yields better results. For example, a Three-way Intersection in front of Zion Day Care Center, one of the selected spots under the current standard, has lower road crash costs than Sinchon Intersection, a selected spot under a new standard. Therefore, the study concludes that the standards to select road accident black spots need to include traffic accident severity and road crash costs.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.17-29
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• 2010

The main objective of this study is to consider the necessity of introducing owner expenses in estimating the cost of traffic accidents, as is done in some advanced countries. It is known as "owner cost" in the U.S, "enterprise project price" in Japan, and "human cost" in the U.K. To achieve this, the seriousness and present state of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) of traffic accident offenders, which is generally not observed when traffic accidents occur, are evaluated; countermeasures reflecting personal characteristics are prepared according to degree of affliction. The results could be summarized as follows. First, the present condition and seriousness of PTSD from traffic accidents that has been estimated only within the accidents offenders are evaluated through a survey. Second, a distinction analysis model is developed. 'Insomnia caused by accidents' and 'mental daunting in accident situations or similar ones during driving' are chosen as the variables of the discriminant. Third, as a result of the construction of an Ordered Probit Model to comprehend the seriousness of PTSD, the variables turns out in the order of 'seriousness of the most damaged victim, 'nightmare about the accident', 'insomnia experience', 'mental daunting during driving', 'gender', and 'major driving area'. Finally, the cures reflecting characteristics of gender and region are suggested, which are preferred for degree of seriousness of PTSD. The analysis shows that the method to minimize the damage, such as decline of work efficiency, by moving ahead the rehabilitation of the offenders would be suggested and this could minimize the direct and indirect damages that could happen to business owners for whom the drivers work.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.211-221
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• 2008

This dissertation studied the psychological cost, which converted the mental pain suffered by the victim of a traffic accident and his/her family, friends and people around him/her into social costs. Three methodologies - Choice Experiments, Direct Question and Dichotomous Choice Question - were used to design questionnaires, and models were built for each questionnaire design method. When building models, a logit model was used, which is used most frequently in probabilistic choice model. And the tobitmodel was used to make direct questionnaires. When verifying these models, although there were some differences in each model, suitability of most models and credibility of each coefficient were meaningful around the credibility level of 95%. According to the analysis, domestic psychological cost produced through the assessment model of psychological cost was 15.63 million won per person or 5.1 trillion in total, assuming 37.1% of total traffic accident cost.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.224-239
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• 2018

Autonomous vehicles can significantly reduce accidents due to 'driver's carelessness', which occupies the majority of causes for traffic accidents, but they may fail to avoid traffic accidents due to unexpected situations, such as "trolley dilemma", vehicle defects and road defects. Therefore in situations Autonomous vehicles need to be made ethical choices. This study assumes that Autonomous vehicles can not avoid traffic accidents due to unexpected sink holes. In this situation, the traffic accident costs was analyzed for the ethical choices of Autonomous vehicles. In the process, Autonomous vehicles were made to choose one of three ethical choices : (1) Egoism with priority on passenger safety, (2) Deontology for minimizing human damages, (3) Utilitarianism with minimizing traffic accident costs. As a result of the analysis, egoism had the highest traffic accident costs, and deontology for minimizing human damages had the lowest traffic accident costs.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.9-18
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• 1991

A diagram has been annexed to the spot inspection record of the traffic accident were drawn up with measuring-tape heretofor. However, conventional reduction method have been usually contained the various problems according to the social development. To solve these problems, it was performed that photogrammetric method are measured 3-D coordinate of needed points and precised plotting of traffic accident spot investigation. Also, they have produced some good effects on speedy spot investigation and settlement of traffic stagnation. Because semi-metric camera and MR2 system are utilize for low cost, simple operation and almost unnecessary for control point surveying, these fittings being at the close-range photogrammetry will be extremely powerful over versatile fields like traffic accident in police.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.54-63
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• 2023

Pedestrian traffic needs to be accurately quantified to predict effectively pedestrian traffic accidents, however, pedestrian traffic is more difficult to measure than vehicle traffic. In this study, we suggest the time-and cost-effective application of mobile closed-circuit television (CCTV) using a smartphone as an alternative that can collect and analyze real-time data with little. In the present investigation, the pedestrian-vehicle conflict that can develop into an accident was defined as the pedestrian accident exposure. After installing mobile CCTV in 40 sections of Dongseong-ro, Daegu, the pedestrian accident exposure was estimated through negative binomial regression analysis using the collected data. The results of the analysis showed statistically significant changes in the pedestrian accident exposure variables. Based on the present results, a pedestrian accident exposure estimation model was developed which can be used in sections where pedestrian accidents may occur.

• Journal of the Korean Professional Engineers Association
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.49-54
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• 2013

The total estimated socioeconomic logistics cost in transportation sector, including traffic congestion, household travel expenses, national macroeconomic logistics and traffic accident related cost, amount to approximately 240 trillion won a year in 2009. The amount is in increasing trend every year due to the inefficient infrastructure system in urban city roads and in intercity highways. The Government adopts the 4th National Spatial Planning (Revised) which is in progress in order to build a new physical environment ensuring people's welfare by providing the efficient and sustainable transportation networking system.