• 제목/요약/키워드: Traditional techniques

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Deep Learning-based Depth Map Estimation: A Review

  • Abdullah, Jan;Safran, Khan;Suyoung, Seo
    • 대한원격탐사학회지
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    • 제39권1호
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    • pp.1-21
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    • 2023
  • In this technically advanced era, we are surrounded by smartphones, computers, and cameras, which help us to store visual information in 2D image planes. However, such images lack 3D spatial information about the scene, which is very useful for scientists, surveyors, engineers, and even robots. To tackle such problems, depth maps are generated for respective image planes. Depth maps or depth images are single image metric which carries the information in three-dimensional axes, i.e., xyz coordinates, where z is the object's distance from camera axes. For many applications, including augmented reality, object tracking, segmentation, scene reconstruction, distance measurement, autonomous navigation, and autonomous driving, depth estimation is a fundamental task. Much of the work has been done to calculate depth maps. We reviewed the status of depth map estimation using different techniques from several papers, study areas, and models applied over the last 20 years. We surveyed different depth-mapping techniques based on traditional ways and newly developed deep-learning methods. The primary purpose of this study is to present a detailed review of the state-of-the-art traditional depth mapping techniques and recent deep learning methodologies. This study encompasses the critical points of each method from different perspectives, like datasets, procedures performed, types of algorithms, loss functions, and well-known evaluation metrics. Similarly, this paper also discusses the subdomains in each method, like supervised, unsupervised, and semi-supervised methods. We also elaborate on the challenges of different methods. At the conclusion of this study, we discussed new ideas for future research and studies in depth map research.

현대패션에 표현된 패치워크의 표현특성 (Expressive Characteristics of Patchwork Shown in Modern Fashion)

  • 김선영
    • 대한가정학회지
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    • 제47권3호
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    • pp.1-9
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    • 2009
  • This study was conducted to examine how patchwork was expressed in fashion based on theoretical background on its brief history and expression styles and to show its possibility of creating ways for new expression in modern fashion. This study reviewed literatures on definition, history and styles of patchwork and investigated mainly works, which had been presented in collections home and abroad since 2000, to analyze its expressive characteristics shown in modern fashion. According to analysis on the expression of patchwork, it used various painting techniques such as patterns, colors and surface effect. It included patchwork having patterns provoking elusion of fairy tails; containing painting expression of reproducing works of artists; using colors boldly and contrasting strong primary colors directly to establish purity of painting and to pursuit characteristic expression; and using expression techniques of pure art such as gradation and cutting. Second, it used a compromise expression in materials, methods and substances. Patchwork which had used cloth without a pattern or printed fabric, utilized various materials like vinyl, paper, leather, metal and plastic and had a figurative value showing a solid expression as an objet itself with new techniques and changes of connecting methods. Thirdly, it used tradition patchwork techniques. Pieced patchwork, crazy patchwork and images of traditional odd ends of cloth covering a meal were applied to a whole area or a part of cloth to avoid monotony of design and to use it as a decoration.

프로세스 마이닝을 이용한 웹 로그 분석 프레임워크 (A Framework for Web Log Analysis Using Process Mining Techniques)

  • 안윤하;오규협;김상국;정재윤
    • 정보화연구
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    • 제11권1호
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    • pp.25-32
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    • 2014
  • 웹 마이닝은 사용자의 웹 이용 분석을 위해 웹에서 발생한 데이터를 대상으로 유용한 패턴을 찾아내는 기법이다. 하지만 기존의 웹 마이닝은 웹 로그의 연속적인 특성을 충분히 반영하여 분석하지 못하였다. 이를 보완하기 위하여 본 연구에서는 프로세스 마이닝을 활용하여 프로세스 모델에 의한 순차적인 관계에 따른 웹 접속 로그를 분석하는 프레임워크를 제시한다. 프로세스 모델에 기반한 웹 로그 분석은 웹 페이지들을 이동한 사용자들의 행위를 이해하고 문제점과 개선방안을 도출하는 데 유용하게 사용될 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 제안한 방법론을 이용하여 대학정보시스템의 웹 로그를 분석하여 적용 가능성과 그 분석 결과를 제시하였다.

전통 문화상품에 나타난 문양 분석 - 서울 지역과 광주 지역을 중심으로 - (Analysis of the Motifs on Traditional Cultural Goods in Seoul and Kwang-Ju)

  • 최승연;이미숙;신윤숙
    • 대한가정학회지
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    • 제44권1호
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    • pp.101-113
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    • 2006
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the characteristics of the motifs on cultural goods in In-Sa-Dong Street, Seoul, with those in Art Street, City Hall, Kwang-ju. For this study, 607 cultural goods were collected from the two cities: 265 in Seoul and 342 in Kwang-ju. Total cultural goods were classified by accessories, decoration pieces, stationery and ceramics and were studied by repetition patterns, motifs types, representative techniques, and representative types. The results were as follows. First, for repetition patterns of motifs, there were 219 simple repetition patterns in Seoul, and 289 in Kwang-ju, and 46 compound repetition patterns in Seoul, and 53 in Kwang-ju. The ratio of simple repetition pattern was higher than that of compound repetition pattern in both cities. Second, for motif types, floral, animal, letter, and graphic motifs were used far more frequently than any other motif types. Third, for representative techniques, embroidery was far more frequently used than any other representative techniques. Metallic crafts, chil-bo and paper techniques were also favored. Fourth, for representative types, realistic types were more common than abstract types.

효율적인 의료진단을 위한 앙상블 분류 기법 (Ensemble Classification Method for Efficient Medical Diagnostic)

  • 정용규;허고은
    • 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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    • 제10권3호
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    • pp.97-102
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    • 2010
  • 의료 데이터 마이닝의 목적은 효율적인 알고리즘 및 기법을 통하여 각종 질병을 예측 분류하고 신뢰도를 높이는데 있다. 기존의 연구로 단일모델을 기반으로 하는 알고리즘이 존재하며 나아가 모델의 더 좋은 예측과 분류 정확도를 위하여 다중모델을 기반으로 하는 앙상블 기법을 적용한 연구도 진행되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 의료데이터의 보다 높은 예측의 신뢰도를 위하여 기존의 앙상블 기법에 사분위간 범위를 적용한 I-ENSEMBLE을 제안한다. 갑상선 기능 저하증 진단을 위한 데이터를 통해 실험 적용한 결과 앙상블의 대표적인 기법인 Bagging, Boosting, Stacking기법 모두 기존에 비해 현저하게 향상된 정확도를 나타내었다. 또한 기존 단일모델 기법과 비교하여 다중모델인 앙상블 기법에 사분위간 범위를 적용했을 때 더 뚜렷한 효과를 나타냄을 확인하였다.

The Expression and Characteristics of Mexican Poncho Costume Appropriated In Modern Fashion -Focus on James O Young's Cultural Appropriating Techniques-

  • Liu, Shuai;Kwon, Mi Jeong
    • 패션비즈니스
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    • 제23권6호
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    • pp.1-15
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    • 2019
  • Appropriation is of considerable significance in a cultural trend of thought, as one of the means of realizing the post-modernism period. With the increasing use of appropriation techniques in modern fashion, it is necessary to study the external performance and internal aesthetic value of appropriation in fashion. In the book of cultural appropriation, American scholar James o young divides into three categories of appropriation in culture, namely: object appropriation, content appropriation, and subject appropriation. Based on James O Young's three types of appropriation techniques summarized in the theory of the cultural appropriation, the purpose of this study is through the appropriation of the poncho of traditional Mexican clothing in modern fashion as an example; analyzing the external appropriation characteristics and internal aesthetic significance of different appropriation type. The results are as follows. First, designers take the Originality in modern fashion by expressing Mexican Poncho's form, color, pattern, and material as it is through object appropriation technique. Second, through the Mexican folk poncho's style, designers used these to show the similarity produced by content appropriation in modern fashion. Third, designers used the poncho's design concept or poncho's culture, blending the theme of the collection, adding different color, pattern or materials such as fur, lace, and wool, and presenting a new image different from folk costumes through creative subject appropriation technique.

웹 어플리케이션 특성 분석을 통한 공격 분류 (Attack Categorization based on Web Application Analysis)

  • 서정석;김한성;조상현;차성덕
    • 한국정보과학회논문지:정보통신
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    • 제30권1호
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    • pp.97-116
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    • 2003
  • 최근 웹 서비스의 증가와 한께 엘 서비스에 대한 공격과 피 피해 규모는 증가하고 있다. 그러나 웹 서비스에 대한 공격은 다른 인터넷 공격들과 성격이 다르고 그에 대한 연구 또한 부족한 현실이다. 더욱이 기존의 침입 탐지 시스템들도 낄 서비스를 보호하는데 적합하지 않다. 이 연구에서는 먼저 웹 공격들을 공격 발생 원인과 공격 탐지 관점에서 분류하고, 마지막으로 위험성 분석을 통하여 웹 공격들을 분류하였다. 이를 통해 엘 서비스를 보호하기 적합한 웹 서비스 특화된 침입 탐지 시스템을 설계, 개발하는데 도움을 주고자 한다.

Application of Deep Learning: A Review for Firefighting

  • Shaikh, Muhammad Khalid
    • International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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    • 제22권5호
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    • pp.73-78
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    • 2022
  • The aim of this paper is to investigate the prevalence of Deep Learning in the literature on Fire & Rescue Service. It is found that deep learning techniques are only beginning to benefit the firefighters. The popular areas where deep learning techniques are making an impact are situational awareness, decision making, mental stress, injuries, well-being of the firefighter such as his sudden fall, inability to move and breathlessness, path planning by the firefighters while getting to an fire scene, wayfinding, tracking firefighters, firefighter physical fitness, employment, prediction of firefighter intervention, firefighter operations such as object recognition in smoky areas, firefighter efficacy, smart firefighting using edge computing, firefighting in teams, and firefighter clothing and safety. The techniques that were found applied in firefighting were Deep learning, Traditional K-Means clustering with engineered time and frequency domain features, Convolutional autoencoders, Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Deep Neural Networks, Simulation, VR, ANN, Deep Q Learning, Deep learning based on conditional generative adversarial networks, Decision Trees, Kalman Filters, Computational models, Partial Least Squares, Logistic Regression, Random Forest, Edge computing, C5 Decision Tree, Restricted Boltzmann Machine, Reinforcement Learning, and Recurrent LSTM. The literature review is centered on Firefighters/firemen not involved in wildland fires. The focus was also not on the fire itself. It must also be noted that several deep learning techniques such as CNN were mostly used in fire behavior, fire imaging and identification as well. Those papers that deal with fire behavior were also not part of this literature review.

비정형 한의약텍스트 자동정형화프로그램 알고리즘개발 - 동의보감 약재정보를 중심으로 (A Study of the Production of an Algorithm That Standardizes Descriptions of Medical Techniques Found in Ancient East Asian Medical Texts)

  • 차웅석;안상우
    • 한국의사학회지
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    • 제35권1호
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    • pp.13-36
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    • 2022
  • For the past several decades, East Asian medicine has been examined in order to uncover its effectiveness in areas where biomedicine is found wanting. Although scientific approaches have been increasingly used to verify the utility of treatment techniques, countless traditional medical techniques found in ancient texts remain to be tested. Currently, about 20,000 or so ancient medical texts are recognized within the East Asian medical tradition. Although some famous texts have been translated and studied, many still exist only as original manuscripts. We are interested in the medical techniques that are listed in those manuscripts. Even before we can ascertain whether such ancient forms of medical treatment can be applied today it is important to understand the full picture of what kind of treatment technology exists. This study aims to develop a database program that automatically converts the original textual description of an East Asian medical technique into a more standardized version. First, our team analyzed the ways that medical skills were described and then designed a database algorithm that recognized the meaningful keywords of the descriptive text for a medical treatment and put it in the right cell in a structured table.

건축문화유산 보존과 관련된 전통기술 논의 고찰 - 숭례문 복구에 있어서의 전통기술 적용 논란을 중심으로 - (A study on the debate on traditional technique for Architectural Heritage conservation - Focusing on the dispute over the application of traditional technique for the restoration of the Sungnyemun gate -)

  • 강현
    • 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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    • 제47권3호
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    • pp.208-223
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    • 2014
  • 최근 2008년 화재로 소실되었다가 복구된 숭례문(崇禮門)의 단청 문제가 제기되면서 문화재 보존에 있어서의 전통기술 적용 문제가 논쟁거리가 되었다. 본고에서는 문화재 보존에 있어서의 전통기술의 의미를 살펴보고자 하였다. 일반적으로 전통기술에 대한 이해는 기본적으로 '전통'에 대한 관념에 기초하고 있다. 전통은 '고정불변하는 존재'가 아니라 '계승 발전하는 존재'로 보아 '살아있는 존재'로 규정되며, 그에 따라 '무형문화재로서의 전통연행, 전통공예 등'은 '고정된 실체를 가지고 있지 않는 것'으로 규정하고 있으며, 그에 따라 문화재 보존의 기본원칙인 '원형 보존'에서 '원형'이라는 것이 무엇인지를 정확히 규정하기 어려운 존재로 보고 있다. 한국의 경우 이렇게 원형을 규정하기 어려운 '무형문화재로서의 전통기술'이 유형문화재의 보존현장에 적용될 때 그 개념이 명확히 하지 않음으로 인해 보존 현장에서 여러가지 문제를 야기하고 있다. '전통기술'의 적용범위와 한계에 대한 논의 없이 현장에 적용되기 때문이다. 즉 '전통재료'를 사용하여 '전통기술'로 수복을 하는 것이 허용되는 것은 어디까지이며 문화재의 보존에서 이것이 어떠한 의미를 갖는가에 대한 논의가 결여되어 있기 때문이다. 본고에서는 이러한 전통기술의 적응문제를 국제적인 보존원칙 변화 과정의 검토와 함께 고찰해 보았다. 이러한 고찰 결과 '무형문화재로서의 전통기술'의 보존도 중요하지만 '유형문화재에 남아 있는 기술', 더 나아가 '제작 당시의 기술을 담고 있는 원래의 재료 보존'이 더욱 중요한 문제라는 점이 고려되어야 한다는 점을 강조하고자 한다.