• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2006년도 정기 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.405-412
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• 2006

Among the various problems involved in the structural analysis of the Korean traditional wooden structure, the analytical model for the Kong-Po is controversial subject as usual. While some experiments are tried for establishing the basis of analytical models, most of these experiments are performed using scale down specimens. So, it is not possible to apply these experimental results to structural analysis of Korean traditional wooden structure directly. A numerical study for analogizing the stiffness of full scale Kong-Po structure is performed on the basis of experimental specimen. Some parameter studies using finite element method are made in this study. The finite element analysis used in this study is geometric material nonlinear analysis. The stiffness of Kong-Po structure found out in this study can be used for modelling the joints of the Korean traditional wood structure in frame analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.28-32
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• 2011

This research was carried out to examine the ultrasonic properties of $Phyllostachys$ $bambusoids$ Sieb et Zucc depending on three directions for providing the fundamental properties of the Korea traditional flute, Daekeum. The ultrasonic properties of $Phyllostachys$ $bambusoids$ Sieb. et Zucc were found to be different from those of wood, because of the distinctive anatomical structure of bamboo tissue. The ultrasonic velocity of peripheral zone showed higher values of all three directions. The ratio of longitudinal velocities to perpendicular velocities showed 1.16 at peripheral zone, 1.70 at central zone, 1.38 at inner zone respectively. The ratio of radial velocities to tangential velocities were measured as 1.286 at peripheral zone, 1.325 at central zone, 0.829 at inner zone respectively.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2007

The Guebangjip(꿰방집) house in Gocheonri(고천리) is built of architectural materials which are not by composition but by penetrating the drilled materials as the meaning of its character. Comparing with other cases such as Japan and China which this kind of structure method is still generally used, it is hardly found any cases in Korea. However it could have been used in Korea because of the vestiges of Sogeo(巢居) and Gannan(干欄) style architecture. Apparently it is considered as the traditional building technology which is existed by succession in the certain range of time and space.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.21-29
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• 2008

서울시 내에 소재한 현재까지 이용되고 있는 목조건물에 대한 열화 조사를 실시하였다. 조사된 목조건물은 겨울철임에도 흰개미에 의한 피해가 진행되고 있었다. 목조건물의 흰개미 피해 실태 및 원인을 조사하기 위하여 초음파에 의한 비파괴 방법을 적용하였으며, 환경적 열화요인 조사에는 적외선 카메라를 사용하였다. 비파괴 검사를 통한 기둥부재의 내구성을 조사한 결과 일부 기둥 부재에서는 심각한 강도적 손실이 발견되어 교체가 필요하였다. 조사된 목조건물은 사람이 생활하기 위하여 현대식 난방설비를 설치한 곳으로서 전통적인 목조건물 내부에 난방시스템이 설치됨으로써 연중 비교적 균일한 온도대의 형성 그리고 바닥재에 의한 결로발생으로 인한 수분 제공이 흰개미의 피해가 발생되는 원인으로 작용하게 되었다. 조사한 목조건물의 흰개미는 일본흰개미, Reticulitermes speratus로 동정되었다. 목조건물은 주위환경에 따라서 많은 영향을 받으므로 환경 조절을 통하여 생물열화를 방지할 수 있는 유지 관리 기술이 필요하였다. 전통건물 내 현대식 시설의 설치는 전통목조건물의 특징을 잘 살리고 내구성에 영향이 없는 시설의 설치가 바람직하다고 판단되었다.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.45-55
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• 1994

This study deals with the method of constructing and repairing column, important element of traditional wooden building. Column should have long-lasting strength and resistance to decay and vermin because it is more important in role of structure than in that of ornament. And the rotten or the split part of wooden column should be repaired regularly or irregularly. First of all, this study treats of general character related to the life length and strength of wood. Then it describes the technical method of choosing proper wood for column and that of carpentering, painting, and mending wooden column.

• 대한건축학회논문집:구조계
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.29-36
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• 2018

In this study, the moisture contents of four Hanoks have been monitored and the results were analyzed. Murujeong and Ongojae were built by traditional construction method and material, and Jeeshinjae and Hwakyeongdang were built by modernized construction method and material. Hwakyeongdang was monitored about 2 years and 9 months and the other three Hanoks were monitored about 4 years and 2 months. The surface moisture contents were measured by the non-destructive electronic resistant type moisture content meter. The measured moisture contents were affected by the orientation to the sun, wood type, temperature and relative humidity. The columns on the northern side and lumber showed more moisture contents than those of the southern side and glue-laminated wood. The moisture contents and relative humidity showed proportional relationship. The moisture contents of all four monitored Hanoks existed proper range by and large.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.12-20
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• 2007

Four kinds of natural dying solutions (natural colorant extracts)were obtained by extraction from sappan wood, black tea, peony, and clove using water as extracting solvent at $90^{\circ}C$ for 90 min with liquor ratio (solid natural colorant material/solvent water, weight ratio) of 1/10. The dyeing, colour fastness and deodorizing properties of fabrics (cotton, silk, and wool fabrics) dyed with natural colorant extracts were compared. It was found that these properties were significantly dependent on the concentration of extracts, the structure of colorant, and the kind of fabrics. The K/S value of dyed cotton fabric increased in the order of peony < sappan wood < clove < black tea, however, the values of dyed silk and wool fabrics were in the order of peony < sappan wood < black tea < clove. Colour fastness (light, water, and perspiration fastness) was in the range of 3 - 5 grade except for sappan wood. The deodorizing performance of fabrics dyed with various natural colorants extracts was in the range of 56 - 99%. The deodorizing performance increased in the order of peony < black tea < sappan wood < clove. Especially, the deodorizing performance of all fabrics dyed with clove was found to be the highest at 98-99%.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.7-16
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• 1999

본 연구는 밤나무와 오동나무에 대해 살리게닌 처리, 가열처리 및 무처리재의 세포조직, 평형함수율, 흡습성과 음향 성을 비교할 목적으로 수행하였는데, 이를 수종의 무처리재와 열처리재의 세포조직은 거의 동일하였지만 살리게닌 처리재의 세포벽은 무처리재의 것보다 두꺼워졌다. 평형함수율은 무처리재, 가열처리재 및 살리게닌 처리재 순으로 낮게 나타났으며, 살리게닌 흡수율(吸收率)이 클수록 평형함수율은 감소되었고 흡습곡선은 포물선적으로 증가되었다. 살리게닌 처리재의 음향성은 현저하게 개선되었으며, 그 다음 가열처리재 순으로 나타났다. 살리게닌 흡수율(吸收率)후 수준에 따른 음향성은 밤나무의 경우 흡수율(吸收率) 20%와 30%, 그리고 오동나무의 경우 흡수율(吸收率) 80% 처리재의 개량효과가 가장 컸었다.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.111-121
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• 2014

The purpose of the study is to understand the unique characteristics of decoration style in traditional Javanese houses. Reviewing literature and visiting site were applied as the research method. Javanese House can be divided into three parts; roof, wall and floor. First, the roof of the traditional Javanese House is the most unique and important decorative element. The roofs are covered with roof-tiles and have clay carving ornaments on top. Usually there are no ceilings, just exposed to the oblique shape roof, which are made of wood to enable air ventilation. Joglo roof is the outstanding and representative roof type of Javanese houses. There is artistic and constructive roof structure named as tumpang sari in Joglo roof. The decoration on tumpang sari is the most colorful and symbolic ornaments. Secondly, the most unique element in the wall is the gebyok. Gebyok is made of wood and full of carved ornament, which has an artistic appearance, and also important function. The top part of doors are designed as perforated woodcarving, which give both aesthetic and ventilation purposes. Last, the stratified floor is begin with ground yard, then veranda that made from hardened clay, and main room constituted with a wood scaffold to provide air circulation and remove the humidity of the ground. The decorations of the column stand (umpak) are unique, where usually lotus flower is carved into black stone or lime stone. The outside of the buildings in Java Houses is not decorated by colors or symbols, whereas colors are only used in temples, pavilion or in royal housings. Instead they have carvings and decorations on important structural elements such as columns and beams inside. The ornaments and colors of decorations symbolize their god, ancestors and piece.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.7-28
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• 2012

This study is intended to Mindori structure which is general private houses' structural type among traditional types and is a basic study to confirm structural characteristics of Hwatong connection which is general connection type of column-beam-cross beam. It is aimed to analyze how main member, column, such as size, figure, thickness of Sungetuk and Dugeup affect on structure. Following conclusions are drawn. 1. According to connection conditions, models with big coefficient of friction show stable hysteretic behavior until the angle rotation of member reaches 1/60 and models with small coefficient of friction show dramatical increase in load after the angle rotation of member reaches 1/24. After the angle rotation of member reaches 1/30, separation distance of members is identified physically and cracks are not observed. 2. Specimens with big coefficient of friction show similar inner force regardless of column size(except column size 150mm) and models with small coefficient of friction show increasing inner force as the column size increases. Specimens with same sectional area have similar inner force even though the column figures are different. The thickness of Sungetuk and Dugeup doesn't affect inner force greatly, however, when the thickness of Sungetuk is thin, it could lead to failure of structure as it breaks. 3. The bigger the size of column and the coefficient of friction are, the smaller Bending stiffness depreciation ratio is. 4. Energy Dissipation Efficiency differs from the coefficient of friction. When the coefficient of friction is big, square column shows bigger than round one and it is bigger when the thickness of Sungetuk and Dugeup is thicker. When the coefficient of friction is small, round column shows bigger than square one.