• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.38 no.7 s.252
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• pp.461-467
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• 2005

Pleura, diaphragm, pericardial fat pad, intercostal muscles and omentum can be used to protect and revascularize the bronchial suture line of tracheal transplantation, lung transplantation and pulmonary resection. The purpose of the present study is to compare the influence of the pleura, diaphragm and omentum in survival of isolated tracheal segments in the experimental animals. Material and Method: Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 250- 350g were used. The animals were divided in three groups; the pleura, omentum and diaphragm. Following intraperitoneal anesthesia, endotracheal intubation was performed. Then the trachea was exposed. A three-ring sec- tion of cervical trachea was excised. The resected trachea was implanted at each sites. After 2 weeks, rats were sacrificed. Histopathological examination of the tracheal segments was performed. For comparison of each groups, histopathological viability of resected tracheal segment was scored by three tissue layers; epithelium, submucosa, and cartilage. The results were presented as average score. Result: In histopathological examination, submucosa and cartilage using tracheal segment necrosis scoring system. The pleural group showed well preserved tissue. There was minimal necrosis and inflammation compared with other groups. In the pleural group, tracheal necrosis scores were $2.17\pm0.983$at epithelium, $1.67\pm0.516$ at submucosa and $2.17\pm0.753$ at cartilage. At the omental group, scores were $1.00\pm0.00,\;1.60\pm0.548\;and\;1.80\m0.447$. In the diaphragmatic group, scores were $1.40:\pm0.894,\;2.40\pm0.547\;and\;2.20\pm0.447$. Total necrosis score were $6.00\pm1.789$ in the pleural group, $4.40\pm0.894$ in the omental group and $6.00\pm1.414$ in the diaphragmatic group. Conclusion: There were no significant viability differences in terms of total necrosis score for the viability of resected tracheal segment. But the best result was achieved in the omental group. Therefore, omental wrapping on tracheal graft site will be beneficial for the prevention of graft necrosis.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.342-351
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• 2013

Advances in immunosuppressive treatments and microsurgical techniques have rendered composite tissues allotransplantation (CTA), such as heteregeneous or non-organ tissues, possible in humans. CTA has evolved dramatically since the first successful rat hind limb allotransplantation. Numerous clinical applications including face, hand, trachea, larynx, and vascularized joint have been performed. Although composite tissue allografts are still in their infancy, they have opened a new era in the field of transplantation surgery and pathology, so that maxillofacial reconstructive surgeons may occasionally be faced with the challenge of diagnosing skin refection of a composite tissue allograft. Facial allotransplantation (FAT) is a new surgical technique that could be considered as a new paradigm in facial reconstruction. Since the first human FAT had been achieved in 2005, 17 cases have been reported in the world up to date. However, many problems such as life-long immunosuppression, immune rejection, ethical problems and psychological problems are remained, so facial CTA is new reconstructive option with no general acceptance. The authors reviewed the indications, the results of 17 cases and their complications, and additional consideration factors in this article, and intended to raise the awareness of oral and maxillofacial surgeons in this type of facial transplantation.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.107-107
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• 2003

Purpose; Tracheal transplantation is necessary in patients with extensive tracheal stenosis, congenital lesions and many oncologic conditions but bears many critical problems compared with other organ transplantations. The purpose of this study was to make an intestine-cartilage composite graft for potential application for tracheal reconstruction by free intestinal graft. Methods; Hyaline cartilage was harvested from trachea of 2 weeks old New Zealand White Rabbits. Chondrocytes were isolated and cultured for 8 weeks. Cultured chodrocytes were seeded in the PLGA scaffolds and mixed in pluronic gel. Chondrocyte bearing scaffolds and gel mixture were embedded in submucosal area of stomach and colon of 3kg weighted New Zealand White Rabbits under general anesthesia. 10 weeks after implantation, bowels were harvested for evaluation. Results; We could identify implantation site by gross examination and palpation. Developed cartilage made a good frame for shape memory Microscopic examinations include special stain showed absorption of scaffold and cartilage formation even though not fully matured Conclusion; Intestine-cartilage composite graft could be applicable to future tracheal substitute and needs further Investigations.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.166-170
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• 2019

Objective: To establish a cost-effective and easily available phantom for training residents in ultrasound-guided fine needle thyroid nodule targeting punctures. Materials and Methods: Tofu, drinking straws filled with coupling gel, a urine tube, and 21-gauge needles were used to generate a phantom thyroid with nodules for training. Twelve radiology residents were involved in the study. The puncture success rates were recorded and compared before and after phantom training using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: On ultrasonography, tofu mimicked the texture of the thyroid. Drinking straws filled with coupling gel mimicked vessels. The urine tube filled with air mimicked the trachea, and 21-gauge needles mimicked small nodules in the transverse section. The entire phantom was similar to the structure of the thyroid and surrounding tissues. The puncture success rates of radiology residents were significantly increased from 34.4 ± 14.2% to 66.7 ± 19.5% after training (p = 0.003). The phantom was constructed in approximately 10 minutes and materials cost less than CNY 10 (approximately $ 1.5) at a local store. Conclusion: The tofu model was cost-effective, easily attainable, and effective for training residents in ultrasound-guided fine needle thyroid nodule targeting punctures in vitro.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.559-565
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• 1997

Donor airway ischemia is a significant problem after tracheal replacement with homograft or lung transplantation, Several factors such as omentopexy, heparin, PGl2 and fibroblast growth factor, have been shown to induce angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. This study was designed to investigate whether omentopexy and basic flbroblast growth factor can enhance rabbit tracheal revascularization and epithelial regeneration, Three different experiments were performed with New Zealand white rabbit. In group I(n= 15 control group), only coNical tracheal autotransplantation was done. In group II(n= 15), cervical tracheal autotransplantation with omentopexy was done through subcutaneous route. In group III(n= 15), cervical tracheal autotransplantation was done and lug basic flbroblast growth factor was applied. After 3, 7 and 14 days, the animals were sacrificed. The extent of revascularization was investigated by means of uptake of the human serum albumin labelled with 99m technetium, and epithelial regeneration were assessed by means of light microscope. In the group investigated at day 3, there was statistically significant high tracheal revascularization in group III(p<0.05), but no difference at 7 and 14 days. And epithelial regenerations at day 3 were better in group III(p<0.05), and at day 7 in group II and III. But there was no difference at day 14. We concluded that b-FGF can enhance the revascularization and epithelial regeneration of the tracheal autograft especially in early phase.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.474-481
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• 2004

Background: Tracheal transplantation is necessary in patients with extensive tracheal stenosis, congenital lesions and other oncologic conditions but bears. many critical problems compared to other organ transplantations. The purpose of this study was to develop intestine-cartilage composite grafts for potential application in tracheal reconstruction by free intestinal graft. Material and Method: Hyaline cartilage was harvested from trachea of 2 weeks old New Zealand White Rabbits. Chondrocytes were isolated and cultured for 8 weeks. Cultured chondrocytes were seeded in the PLGA scaffolds and mixed in pluronic gel Chondrocyte bearing scaffolds and gel mixture were embedded in submucosal area of stomach and colon of 3 kg weighted New Zealand White Rabbits under general anesthesia. 10 weeks after implantation, bowels were harvested for evaluation. Result: We identified implantation site by gross examination and palpation. Developed cartilage made a good frame for shape memory. Microscopic examinations included special stain s howed absorption of scaffold and cartilage formation even though it was not fully matured. Conclusion: Intestine-cartilage composite graft could be applicable in the future as tracheal substitute and should be further investigated.