• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.191-211
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• 2000

Objectives: In order to evaluate the effect of jungcheonwhadamgangki-tang on Balb/c mouse of allergy-sensitive to bronchial asthma induced by ovalbumin. Methods: The changes of diameter lumen of trachea which was upper respiratory organ, weight and gross appearance of lung, histology of lung and trachea, numbers of inflammatory cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluld(BALF) were observed. Results : The results are obtained as follows. 1. The diameters of trachea lumen were significantly increased in Jungcheonwhadam gangki-tang treated group as compared with control group. 2. Inflammatory cells including neutrophil and eosinophil in BALF were significantly. in Jungcheonwhadamgangki-tang treated group as compared with control group. 3. Weight of lung and black spots, which resulted from infiltration of inflammatory were significantly decreased in Jungcheonwhadamgangki-tang treated group as compared with control group.4. Hypertrophy of mucous membrane of trachea and bronchus and bronchioles in the lung, peritracheal, peribronchus and peribronchiolar inflammatory cell infiltration, and mucoid exudate deposit in the lumen were significantly decreased in Jungcheonwhadamgangki-tang treated group as compared with control group. Conclusions : It is considered that Jungcheonwhadamgangki-tang has somewhat favorable effect on the bronchial asthma because the bronchial asthma specific series of abnormalities in respiratory system were decreased after oral administration of Jungcheonwhadamgangki-tang in this study. In future, it is needed that the toxicological and dosage specific study of Jungcheonwhadamgangki-tang to use against bronchial asthma with safe.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.154-158
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• 1997

A case of squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid gland associated with esophageal carcinoma is presented A squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid gland is rare and is prognosis is poor. The histogenesis of squamous cell carcinoma is not clear, but at present, it is believed that most cases arise from the follicular epithelium It is very important to know whether squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid is primary or secondary. Thus, the possibility of squamous cell carcinoma in the thyroid being the result of a metastasis or extension from a primary tumor in the trachea or esophagus must always be ruled out and intensive evaluation should be required to confirm the diagnosis of this disease. We report a squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid associated with esophageal cancer with brief review of literature.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.55-65
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• 1998

Surfur dioxide, one of the air pollutants, has been related increasing morbidity rates due to respiratory damages. To investigate the effect of Bopaetang(補肺湯) on rats induced by exposur of $SO_2$, an experimental study was done the changes on white blood cell(W5C), the content of glycoprotein in treachea and the edema, congestion, inflammatory infiltrates of trachea. The experimental groups are the normal group, control group and sample group( administered Bopaetang to rats induced by exposur of $SO_2$). The results were as follows; 1. The change on WBC on rats induced by exposur of $SO_2$ were made significant differences in sample group compared with control group. 2. The content of Glycoprotein In trachea were made significant differences in sample group compared with control group. 3. The edema, congestion, inflammatory infiltrates of treachea were made significant differences in sample group compared with control group.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.693-699
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• 1993

In 1990, a retrospective examination of histologic data determined that 23 histology accessions at the Miwon Institute of Animal Science had a diagnosis of crytosporidiosis. These cases presented 10% of the 230 histologic examinations of broiler chicks of 23 cases, 18 cases were respiratory infection and 5 cases were bursal infection. The histologic findings of respiratory cryptosporidiosis were hyperplasia of mucosa epithelial cell, slightly swelling of epithelial cells, deciliation of tracheal epithelium, distribution of cryptosporidium organisms in epithelial surface of trachea and infiltration of plasma cells and lymphocytes in mucosa propria layer in trachea.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.149-152
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• 1975

In spite of great advances in surgical treatment during past several decades, surgery of the trachea failed to develop correspondingly, partly because of relative rarity of the tracheal lesions and partly because of difficulties in surgical technique and anesthesia. Surgical diseases of the trachea are largely obstructions due to neoplasm or cicatrical stenosis and tracheal malacia. The present treatment of respiratory failure, using cuffed endotracheal and tracheostomy tubes, has produced, apparently with increasing frequency, tracheal stenosis, tracheomalized tracheal erosion. Surgery is presently the only reasonable way to treat stenotic lesions of the tracheobronchial tree. In the case of tumors, the current trend has been that of radical excision. Primary end-to--end reconstruction of the trachea has been generally recognized as the ideal method of repair following resection. However, for decades it was believed that a maximum of four tracheal rings only might be excised and primary healing achieved with safety. A great variety of procedures, developed by numerous investigations and directed at tracheal substitution, have almost invariably met with discouraging results. A meticulous study done by Grillo and associates on autopsy specimens has shown that an average 6.4cm of mediastinal trachea can be safely resected by full mobilization of the right lung and transplantation of the left main bronchus into the bronchus intermedius. Recently, we experienced a case of successful resection of a tumor of the tracheal carina and primary tracheo-left main bronchial anastomosis at the Department of Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery, the National Medical Center in Seoul. The patient, a 29-year-old man, was admitted to the hospital with complaints of dyspnea and cough. On admission, chest film showed hydropneumothorax on the right. After closed thoracostomy, hydropneumothorax disappeared, but hazy densities, developed in the right middle and lower lung fields, resisted to treatment. Bronchoscopy uncovered irregular tumor covering the carina and the right main bronchus, and biopsy indicated well differentiated squamous Cell carcinoma. Operation was performed on July 2, 1975. A right postero-lateral thoracotomy was used. Excision involved the lower trachea, the carina, the left main bronchus and the right lung. This was followed by direct anastomosis between the trachea and the left main bronchus. Bronchography was done on 17th postoperative day revealed good result of operation without stricture at the site ofanastomosis. About one month after the operation symptoms and signs of bronchial irritation with dyspnea developed, and these responded to respiratory care. On 82nd postoperative day, sudden dyspnea developed at night and the patient expired several hours later. Autopsy was not done and the cause of death was uncertain.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1978.06a
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• pp.6.2-6
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• 1978

Granular cell myoblastoma is a rare muscular origined benign tumor which was first decribed on the vocal cord by Abrikossoff in 1931. Although this lesion is found frequently in the tongue, it has been known to occur in other parts of the oral cavity as well as in the larynx and trachea. It is of considerble clinical importance that this lesion is frequently accompanied by pseundoe-pitheliomatous hyperplasia of the overling mucosa which may easily be confused with carcinoma. We experienced a case of granular cell myoblastoma and report with the consideration of literatures concerning the same disease.

• BMB Reports
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• v.53 no.7
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• pp.367-372
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• 2020

Cell cycle-related kinase (CCRK) has a conserved role in ciliogenesis, and Ccrk defects in mice lead to developmental defects, including exencephaly, preaxial polydactyly, skeletal abnormalities, retinal degeneration, and polycystic kidney. Here, we found that Ccrk is highly expressed in mouse trachea and bronchioles. Ccrk mutants exhibited pulmonary hypoplasia and abnormal branching morphogenesis in respiratory organ development. Furthermore, we demonstrated that Ccrk mutant lungs exhibit not only impaired branching morphogenesis but also a significant sacculation deficiency in alveoli associated with reduced epithelial progenitor cell proliferation. In pseudoglandular stages, Ccrk mutant lungs showed a downregulation of Hedgehog (Hh) signaling and defects in cilia morphology and frequency during progenitor-cell proliferation. Interestingly, we observed that activation of the Hh signaling pathway by small-molecule smoothened agonist (SAG) partially rescued bud morphology during branch bifurcation in explants from Ccrk mutant lungs. Therefore, CCRK properly regulates respiratory airway architecture in part through Hh-signal transduction and ciliogenesis.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.339-351
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• 1999

Excess secretion of goblet cell stimulated by inhalation anesthetics have side effects during operation or postoperative care. Mucosubstances, which are almost secreted by goblet cells in the epithelium of the respiratory tract, are secreted by a direct irritation of inhalation anesthetics. This study was carried out to compare the differences of mucus secretion on lower respiratory tract stimulated by ethyl ether, halothane and isoflurane. Total of 24 rabbits were used as experimental animals. The trachea and the 1st bronchi were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin. After embedding in paraffin, the specimens were sectioned to a thickness of 6 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$, and PAS-H, Alcian blue pH 2.5 and Alcian blue pH 1.0 stains were performed for the observation of the composition and the quantity of the mucus. The results were as follows; Ethyl ether and isoflurane irritated the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract. Ethyl ether irritated more than isoflurane. Halothane irritated the mucous membrane, but its effect was minimal and had little influences during operation. In the specimens stained with PAS-H, Alcian blue pH 2.5 and Alcian blue pH 1.0, the mucosubstance lining the cilia and in the goblet cells of the trachea and 1st bronchi were the strongly PAS-H reactive mucosubstances, moderately Alcian blue pH 2.5 and Alcian blue pH 1.0. The PAS-H reactive mucosubstance were polysaccharides, neutral mucopolysaccharides, mucoproteins, glycoproteins and glycolipids. Trachea was easily affected than bronchi by inhalation anesthetics. Consequently, it is suggested that because halothane does not irritates respiratory mucosal secretion, its application may be efficient to the depressed respiratory system.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.273-288
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• 2001

Objectives : In order to study the effect of oral administration of Jungcheonhwadamgangki-tang against the asthma. Method : Asthma was induced to Balb/c mouse with ovalbumin by using method of Hatfield et al. It was observed the changes numbers and morphology of the mast cells in the trachea, numbers of mucous secretory cell in the bronchus, morphology of the bronchus, ultramicroscopical appearance of surface of trachea and number of cilia and mucous secretory cells by scanning electron microscope. Result : 1. Degranulation and decreasing of the numbers of mast cells were significantly decreased in the Jungcheonhwadamgangki-tang extract group as compared with control group. 2. Hypertrophy of mucous membrane of bronchus In the lung, infiltration of inflammatory cells, increasing of mucous secretory cells in the bronchus were significantly decreased in the Jungcheonhwadamgangki-tang extract group as compared with control group. 3. Shedding, decreasing of cilia cells and increasing of mucous secretory cells in the surface of the trachea were significantly decreased in the Jungcheonhwadamgangki-tang extract group as compared with control group. Conclusion : It is considered that Jungcheonhwadamgangki-tang has somewhat favorable effects on the asthma because the asthma specific series of abnormalities in respiratory system were decreased after oral administration of Jungcheonhwadamgangki-tang in this study. In future, it is needed that the toxicological and dosage specific study of Jungcheonwhadamgangki-tang to use against bronchial asthma with safe.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.146-146
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• 2005