• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.693-699
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• 1993

In 1990, a retrospective examination of histologic data determined that 23 histology accessions at the Miwon Institute of Animal Science had a diagnosis of crytosporidiosis. These cases presented 10% of the 230 histologic examinations of broiler chicks of 23 cases, 18 cases were respiratory infection and 5 cases were bursal infection. The histologic findings of respiratory cryptosporidiosis were hyperplasia of mucosa epithelial cell, slightly swelling of epithelial cells, deciliation of tracheal epithelium, distribution of cryptosporidium organisms in epithelial surface of trachea and infiltration of plasma cells and lymphocytes in mucosa propria layer in trachea.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.148-153
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• 1997

Laryngotracheal stenosis is one of the most troublesome diseases in the Em field. Subglottic stenosis can be treated by a cricoid augmentation with rib cartilage. In case of tracheal stenosis, the treatment of choice is by tracheal end-to-end anastomosis after resection of the stenotic site. However, in case of subglottic stenosis combined with tracheal stenosis, it is hard to manage. Even though several methods(such as thyrotracheal anastomosis) have been tried, they have some limitations too much excision of normal trachea and too much pulling up of the trachea after resection of the stenotic lesion. The authors have managed two cases of laryngotracheal stenosis as an anterior and posterior subglottic augmentation with an autologous cartilage graft and laryngotracheal anastomosis. The first few weeks after the operation, we could do a decannulation successfully, but in one case the patient developed restenosis. Even though one case was unsuccessful, the authors believe that this method could be used in the treatment of laryngotracheal stenosis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.103-106
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• 2018

Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica (TO) is a rare idiopathic tracheobronchial abnormality characterized by diffuse cartilaginous and osseous nodules protruding into the airway lumen of the trachea and bronchus. TO is easy to misdiagnose because of nonspecific symptoms and chest CT scan with pathologic biopsy is necessary for definitive diagnosis. We report two cases of patient with TO who underwent laryngomicroscopic biopsy and tracheostomy with literature review.

• The Korean Journal of Legal Medicine
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.164-167
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• 2018

Aspergillus infection is the most common cause of death due to fungi in immunocompromised hosts. Aspergillus tracheobronchitis is an uncommon but severe form of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, which is limited entirely or mainly to the tracheobronchial tree and can often be life-threatening. We report a case of a 54-year-old man who died from Aspergillus tracheobronchitis without an underlying disease. Autopsy revealed an extensive yellowish plaque adhering to the trachea and bronchial wall. The microscopic examination of the trachea and bronchus revealed septate branching hyphae of Aspergillus.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.42-44
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• 2022

Chronic invasive aspergillosis is a life-threatening disease, especially in immunocompromised patients. The diagnosis and treatment of tracheal aspergillosis (TA) are challenging because of its rarity and nonspecific clinical presentations. The treatment standard of TA has been medical treatment like other forms of invasive aspergillosis, but patients with medically resistant TA require surgical intervention. We demonstrated a successful surgical outcome of chronic invasive TA in a 16-year-old patient with immunocompromised status related to acute myelocytic leukemia.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.416-420
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• 2023

Blunt intrathoracic tracheal injuries are rare, even among blunt chest trauma patients. An early diagnosis based on a high index of suspicion allows for timely surgical management of potentially fatal airway trauma, thereby improving overall outcomes. Diagnosing these injuries can be difficult due to their nonspecific clinical features and the occasional difficulty in radiologic diagnosis. If a patient exhibits respiratory compromise with difficult ventilation and poor lung expansion, despite the insertion and management of an intercostal drain following high-energy blunt trauma, there should be a heightened suspicion of potential airway trauma. The aim of primary repair is to restore airway integrity and to minimize the loss of pulmonary parenchyma function. This case report discusses the rare clinical presentation of a patient with blunt trauma to the intrathoracic airway, the surgical management thereof, and his overall outcome. Although blunt traumatic injuries of the trachea are extremely rare and often fatal, early surgical intervention can potentially reduce the risk of mortality.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.932-934
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• 2000

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.235-244
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• 1997

The present study was performed to investigate the patterns of appearance of lectin in trachea of fetuses of 60, 90 and 120 days old and neonates of Korean native goat. Carbohydrate markers were used in histochemistry for the determination of the lectin by staining of avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex(ABC), and the markers consisted of biotin-labeled concanavalin A(Con A), dolichos biflorus agglutinin(DBA), rincinus communis agglutinin(RCA-I), ulexeuropalus communis agglutinin(UEA) and wheat germ agglutinin(WGA). 1. The Con A-binding reactions appeared moderately on the apical surface of the tracheal epithelia in 60 days old fetuses, and the reactions were similar on the tracheal epithelia and glands in 90 and 120 days old fetuses and neonates. 2. Reaction of the DBA appeared as the strongest meanwhile the DBA-binding reactions were determined strongly on the apical surface of the tracheal epithelia in the 60 days old fetuses. Reaction for the DBA on the tracheal epithelia and glands of 90 and 120 days old fetuses and neonates were in same manner. 3. The RCA-I-binding reactions appeared very strongly on the apical surface of the tracheal epithelia in 60 and 90 days old fetuses. Reaction to the RCA-1 appeared moderately on certain apical surface of tracheal epithelia and glands in 120 days old fetuses and neonates. 4. No reactions provoked for the UEA in trachea of 60 days old fetuses and neonates, but the UEA-binding reactions appeared moderately in the tracheal epithelia of 90 days old fetuses and weakly in 120 days old fetuses. 5. The WGA-binding reactions appeared very strongly on the apical surface of the tracheal epithelia in 60 and 90 days old fetuses, and moreover, the reactions were determined on the luminal surface of the tracheal gland in 90 days old fetuses. On the other hand, goblet cells of the tracheal epithelia and glands in neonates reacted moderately to the WGA.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.165-176
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• 1999

The in vivo effects of Fructus Benincasae (FB-Baekdongkwa(B) and FB- on the expectoration (decrease in sputum viscoelasticity) by their sorts and using rats (Sp. D. male, $150{\sim}160g$). FB was divided by seed, flesh, and bark, extracted by 95% ethanol for 3 hr. The extracts were given to rats administration and the following results were obtained: 1. When FB Recens-C extract was administered at the concentration of 300 mg/kg b.w., mucus secretion effect in the trachea was desirably stimulated. 2. The secretion of phenol red was increased in the FB-treated tracheas in the order of Semen Benincasae(SB)-B $(153{\pm}8\;%)$, FB-B $(149{\pm}10\;%)$, and FBR-C $(117{\pm}26\;%)$. In general, the effect of FB-B extract on phenol red secretion was stronger than that of FB-C. 3. When tracheobronchial lavage fluid was analyzed, the mucus secretion was relatively high $(111{\pm}14\;%)$ in FB-B compared with other extracts. 4. Microscopic analysis after direct treatment of the FB extracts to the rat tracheal tissue showed that all the FB extracts possessed no effects for the activity of the ciliary movement. 5. Glycoprotein content secreted by the seed extract of FB-B was increased compared with the control group, which represents the highest secretion effect of mucus. From the above results. we could conclude that the seed of SB-B possesses better activity for mucus secretion from trachea than the extracts of any other parts. Therefore, it is expected that the seed of SB-B may be available for the purpose of expectorant activity in the prescription of traditional medicine.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.28 no.8
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• pp.766-771
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• 1995

The trachea is defined as the airway from the inferior border of the cricoid cartilage to the top of the carinal spur. This paper would confirm the normal tracheal length of Korean adults through the actual measurement using the fiberoptic bronchoscopy. The subjects of this study were 25 patients, 13 males and 12 females between the age of 20 to 69 without abnormality on the neck, trachea, mediastinum and lung pharenchyme on the preoperative chest X-ray, who received the operations from the period of July to September, 1994. For those patients who had heart diseases, the cardiothoracic ratio was below 50%. The measurement was performed on the patients with endotracheal intubation under the general anesthesia in supine and neutral position. The tracheal length was calculated by the difference between the length from the tip of the endotracheal tube [E-tube to carina and to the needle which was inserted into the E-tube at the lower border of the palpated cricoid cartilage, by inserting the broncoscopy through the E-tube. The result was as follow : 1 The measured tracheal length for men was 11.8 0.2 cm[mean standard deviation and women was 10.5 0.3 cm, and that was longer than this [p<0.01 . The average was 11.2 1.0 cm and the standard error was 0.20 cm. 2 According to the correlation between the tracheal length to weight, height[Ht , age, and body surface area[BSA respectively, the Ht [p=0.003 , age [p=0.055 , and the BSA[p=0.017 were significant, while weight was not [p=0.314 . 3 From the regression analysis of the tracheal length[T.L. to the Ht, Age, and the BSA which were significant, the following equation was derived.i Ht : T.L.= -1.29 + 0.076 x Ht [P=0.003 ii Age: T.L.= 10.04 + 0.028 x Age [P=0.055 iii BSA : T.L.= 5.60 + 3.48 x BSA [P=0.017 iv In multi-regression : T.L. = -4.15 + 0.034 x Age + 0.085 x Ht [P=0.0002]