• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.1280-1284
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• 2003

The number of protozoa and VFA content in the rumen fluid, in situ disappearance and turnover rate were examined with four rumen-fistulated cattle given either sugarcane stalk or Ruzi grass hay in order to clarify the manner of rumen digestion of sugarcane stalk. Cattle were given either sugarcane stalk or Ruzi grass hay at 1.0% of body weight level with commercial concentrate feed. Feeding sugarcane stalk reduced acetate content and increased propionate and butyrate contents in rumen fluid. While rapidlysoluble fraction of sugarcane stalk was 42%, the insoluble but potentially degradable fraction was only 17%. This clearly showed that sugarcane stalk mainly consisted of water soluble fraction (i.e. sugar) and tough fiber (i.e. bagasse). The ruminal degradation rate of both Ruzi grass hay and sugarcane stalk was lower in the animal given sugarcane stalk in comparison with those given Ruzi grass hay. While the turnover rate of liquid phase was about 50% higher in the animals given sugarcane stalk than in the animals given Ruzi grass hay, that of the solid phase was about 40% lower in the animals given sugarcane stalk. The effective degradability of DM of sugarcane stalk was higher than that of Ruzi grass hay. Sugarcane would be a promising roughage for ruminants in the tropics especially, in the dry season.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.39-53
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• 2007

Unlike conventional roof landscaping, where various kinds of plants and structures are employed, a grass roof is a roof on which herbaceous plants are grown in planting medium and which is not accessed or maintained, mainly because it doesn't have sufficient load capacity to support a regular roof garden. They are mostly built on existing roofs, whether flat slab or gabled. Planting on roofs has numerous advantages, such as creating a biotope, purifying urban air, adding moisture to the atmosphere, storing rain water, preventing flash floods, reducing energy use for heating and air conditioning, enhancing the urban landscape and providing relaxation to the city dwellers, not to mention the alleviation of global warming by absorbing $CO_2$. In addition to the general merits of roof planting, the grass roof has its own unique qualities. Only herbaceous species are planted on the roof, resulting in light weight which allows roofs of existing buildings to be planted without structural reinforcement. The species chosen are mostly short, tough perennials that don't need to be maintained. These conditions provide an ideal situation where massive planting can be done in urban areas where roofs are often the only and definitely the largest space available to be planted. If roofs are planted on a massive scale they can play a significant role in alleviating global warming, heat island effects and energy shortages. Despite the advantages of grass roofs, there are some problems. The most significant problem is the invasion of neighboring plants. They may be brought in with the planting medium, by birds or by wind. These plants have little aesthetic value comparing to the chosen species and are usually taller. Eventually they dominate and prevail over the original species. The intended planting design disappears and the roof comes to look wild. Since the primary value of a grass roof is ecological, a change in attitude towards what constitutes beauty on the roofscape is necessary. Instead of keeping the roof neat through constant maintenance, people must learn that the wild grass with bird's nests on their roof is more beautiful as it is.

• 동양고전연구
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• 제49호
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• pp.137-160
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• 2012

본고는 십성당 엄흔의 시세계를 살펴보는 데 목적을 두었다. 본고가 특히 주목한 점은 엄흔의 현실인식과 이를 바탕으로 지향한 삶의 태도이다. 엄흔은 당대의 현실을 부정(不正)한 것으로 인식하였다. 이는 훈구파에 의해 독점되는 세계로서 시비곡직(是非曲直)을 가리느라 시끄러운 세상, 풍랑 이는 바다, '풍상(風霜)'과 '루의(?蟻)' '구탁조(求啄鳥)' 등에 의해 오동나무가 말라 죽은 태평스럽지 못한 세상이었다. 엄흔은 이러한 부정(不正)의 현실 속에서 고사(高士)와 같이 명철보신하는 출처(出處)를 택하지 않았다. 그가 지향한 삶의 태도는 부정(不正)의 현실을 외면하지 않고 그러한 현실 속에서 자신의 재능을 갖추고 세한(歲寒)의 절조를 지키며 세상을 구제하는 것이었다. 엄흔이 구름이 모이면 사라지고 구름이 걷히면 나타나는 달을 비판하고 세한에도 푸르름을 잃지 않는 경초(勁草)(굳세고 질긴 풀)와 푸르름과 하늘을 찌를 우뚝함을 갖춘 정원의 소나무(정송(庭松))를 찬미한 것은, 바로 경초(勁草)와 정송(庭松)과 같은 삶을 살아가겠다는 엄흔의 삶의 지향이었던 것이다.