• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.25 no.6
• /
• pp.807-812
• /
• 2021

In order to be able to interact with the user to experience it as if it were real in virtual reality contents, input/output devices that make them feel the five senses of humans are required . In virtual reality (VR), devices that stimulate sight and hearing are the most representative. For a more realistic experience, suits and gloves that stimulate the sense of touch have recently been released, but there are not many cases applied to actual contents due to the limitation of device . In this paper, we analyze a virtual reality glove that can detect hand movement and touch in a virtual world. Based on the analysis, we propose an algorithm that can sense the intensity of collision with a VR object by tactile sense by improving the UI/UX using the vibration of the feedback method used in the existing virtual reality glove. In addition, the system implemented by the algorithm is applied to an actual case.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
• /
• v.13 no.12
• /
• pp.1207-1212
• /
• 2007

We propose a haptic interface algorithm for joystick operators working in remote control systems of unmanned vehicles. The haptic interface algorithm is implemented using a force-feedback joystick, which is equipped with low price DC motors without encoders. Generating specific amounts of forces on the joystick pole according to the distance between a remote controlled vehicle and obstacles, the haptic interface enables the operator to perceive the distance information by the sense of touch. For the case of no joystick operation or no obstacles in the working area, we propose an origin control algorithm, which positions the joystick pole at the origin. The origin control algorithm prevents the false movement of the remote vehicles and provides the operator with a realistic force resisting the joystick pole's movement. The experiment results obtained under various scenarios exemplify the validity of the proposed haptic interface algorithm and the origin control algorithm.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.662-667
• /
• 2021

Vibrotactile feedback is a major function of the latest touch displays, which greatly improves the user's operability and immersion when interacting with the interface on the screen. In this study, we propose a vibrotactile actuator suitable for mounting on the back side of a mid- to large-sized display because it can generate a strong vibration output by applying an electrostatic force-based mechanism and can be manufactured in a thin flat panel type. The proposed actuator was developed in a structure capable of amplifying the vibration force by alternating up and down with electrostatic force by the upper and lower electrodes that are spaced apart from the electrically grounded mass suspended from a radial leaf spring. As a result of the performance evaluation, the developed bar-type module with two built-in actuators showed excellent vibration output of up to 3.3 g at 170 Hz, confirming the possibility of providing haptic feedback in medium and large touch displays.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.27-35
• /
• 1994

Automation and mechanization of work make people put the machine into operation and control the state of operation. In the process of those works they are apt to have accidents caused by their carelessness. To reduce such accidents, we can practice "TOUCH '||'&'||' CALL", which is to indicate and ascertain the dangerous parts at every process before performing tasks. The objectives of this study are to examine the effects of S-R compatibility and to show quantitatively the efficiency of TOUCH '||'&'||' CALL. The results show that: 1. Reaction time in case of indicating with fingers and shouting is slightly longer (0.138sec. .approx. 0.279sec. ) than that of responding only visually. However, the error rate decreases by 1/3.3 .approx. 1/4.2 times. Frome this, it is considered to verify quantitative estimation on multiple feedback of TOUCH '||'&'||' CALL. 2. In the stimulus-response relation aspect, numeric numeric stimulus-numeric response shows lower error rate (0.033% .approx. 0.133%) than any other stimulus-response relation, ahd shorter reaction time is proven ( 0.556sec. .approx. 0.835sec. ). These data suggest that having the order of stimulus-response arranged in accordance with the experimental knowledges and conceptional compatibility can bring down the error rate considerably.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
• /
• v.31 no.6
• /
• pp.715-723
• /
• 2012

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate haptic perception related researches into three perspectives: cutaneous & proprioceptive sensations, active & passive touch, and cognition & emotion, then to identify issues for implementing haptic interactions. Background: Although haptic technologies had improved and become practical, more research on the method of application is still needed to actualize the multimodal interaction technology. Systematical approached to explore haptic perception is required to understand emotional experience and social message, as well as tactile feedback. Method: Content analysis were conducted to analyze trend in haptic related research. Changes in issues and topics were investigated using sensational dimensions and the different contents delivered via tactile perception. Result: The found research opportunities were haptic perception in various body segments and emotion related proprioceptive sensation. Conclusion: Once the mechanism of how users perceives haptic stimuli would help to develop effective haptic interactrion and this study provide insights of what to focus for the future of haptic interaction. Application: This research is expected to provide presence, and emotional response applied by haptic perception to fields such as human-robot, human-device, and telecommunication interaction.

• Journal of the HCI Society of Korea
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.15-22
• /
• 2016

The ways to interact with digital appliances are becoming more diverse. Users can control appliances using a remote control and a touch-screen, and appliances can send users feedback through various ways such as sound, voice, and visual signals. However, there is little research on how to define which output method to use for providing feedback according to the user' input method. In this study, we designed an experimental study that seeks to identify how to appropriately match the output method - voice and sound - based on the user input - voice and button. We made four types of interaction with two kinds input methods and two kinds of output methods. For the four interaction types, we compared the usability, perceived satisfaction, preference and suitability. Results reveals that the output method affects the ease of use and perceived satisfaction of the input method. The voice input method with sound feedback was evaluated more satisfying than with the voice feedback. However, the keying input method with voice feedback was evaluated more satisfying than with sound feedback. The keying input method was more dependent on the output method than the voice input method. We also found that the feedback method of appliances determines the perceived appropriateness of the interaction.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
• /
• v.24 no.6
• /
• pp.13-20
• /
• 2006

Resistance spot welding is widely used for joining sheet metals in the automotive manufacturing process. Recently, servo-gun is used to increase the productivity and precise control the acting force. However, force control mechanisms have not been investigated with servo-guns until now. In this paper, it is proved that servo-motor current is proportional to torque and by experiment, experimental equation between servo-motor current and electrode force was derived. Algorithm for feedback control of electrode force was suggested using current measurement. In addition, applying soft touch method to this system the impact between electrode and specimen, which is the problem of air gun, could be reduced. Indentation made the force decrease in holding time of resistance spot welding. In order to overcome this problem, force compensation using the servo gun was used and it improved weld strength in good welding current range.

• Journal of The Institute of Information and Telecommunication Facilities Engineering
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.143-147
• /
• 2011

The system using augmented reality can save the time and cost. It is verified in various fields under the possibility of a technology by solving unrealistic feeling in the virtual space. Therefore, augmented reality has a variety of the potential to be used. Generally, multimodal senses such as visual/auditory/tactile feed back are well known as a method for enhancing the immersion in case of interaction with virtual object. By adapting tangible object we can provide touch sensation to users. a 3D model of the same scale overlays the whole area of the tangible object; thus, the marker area is invisible. This contributes to enhancing immersive and natural images to users. Finally, multimodal feedback also creates better immersion. In this paper, sound feedback is considered. By further improving immersion learning augmented reality for children with the initial step learning content is presented. Augmented reality is in the intermediate stages between future world and real world as well as its adaptability is estimated more than virtual reality.

• Tribology and Lubricants
• /
• v.32 no.6
• /
• pp.207-211
• /
• 2016

To interpret the perception that originates from tactile sensibility during people touch and recognize the object surfaces, this study focuses on the development of a friction model that can describe the interaction of a stylus pen sliding over the counter surfaces. In addition, the study includes several other experimental factors such as the pressure, temperature, and topology of surface, which can have an effect on the emotional user experience concerning various surfaces; this research aims to suggest a method to quantitatively evaluate the relation between these experimental parameters and emotional user experience. Accordingly, the objective of research comprises the friction characteristic technology for measurement of fine tribological behavior and a standard to quantify the emotional feedback. Existing panels or input devices that provide interaction feedback about user actions simply operate with a single frequency vibration or sound response. On the contrary, this research investigates various interaction characteristics including friction force, frequency, and surface topology synthetically. Using the developed model, which can explain the relation between the friction parameters and emotional user experience, developers can design their product in order to provide the user with expected emotional sensibility. Consequently, it can contribute to reduce the development cost about sensitivity model.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.575-588
• /
• 2008

This study is to inquire respective patterns of mental models caused by wrongful usages which can be experienced when a user who is used to a keypad-based mobile phone starts using a touch screen mobile phone and to find out the features of the user's logical process of correcting such wrongful usages to a new mental model. In addition, design improvement to be considered for easy generation of the mental model regarding touch screen mobile phones was reviewed in this study. We set up test subjects for the most frequently used seven high priority functions among touch screen phone functions and carried out the subject assessment together with interview surveys after the video observation experiment. Our test results show that test subjects who were used to keypad-based mobile phones tend to use operation knowledge related to the computer operational system(Window) or the web browse, navigation including Tap or Double Tap in order to correct the mental model when a wrongful usage is made. In addition, the result of comparison and analysis of the subject assessment and the video observation experiment data shows that wrongful usages of touch screen mobile phones mostly occurred in the field of 'information feedback' and 'navigation' among mobile phone components.