• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.114-122
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• 1988

This paper aims to identify the characteristics of the tenant farm's income compared with farm household consumption. Farm household surplus is a critical criteria for the reproduction of agriculture. The degree of self sufficiency of farm household consumption according to agricultural income was rapidly decreasing for the period of 1980's. Only 78.9 percents of farm household consumption was earned by agricultural income. Tenant farms were classified according to the following characteristics; self-supported, semi self-supported, leased, deleted, over-consumption. Self-supported tenants are one of the backbones of Korea's future agriculture, because they are able to meet their household needs by only their farm work without other income producing endeavors. The rent paid by those tenants surveyed was estimated at 26.2 percents of their farm household income. However, the national average for such rental payment is equivalent to 4.7 percents of farm household income. 63 percents of paddy rental fee was paid by inkind of rice and 80 percents of the upland rental fee was paid by cash. Self-supported farms as 20 percents of total surveyed should be the target of agricultural price policy and semi self-supported & over-consumption farms as 30 percents be that of rural development policy, and the other half be that of social welfare policy.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.173-179
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• 2005

The study estimated employee satisfaction to apply TQM system to hospital foodservice management. A survey was mailed to foodservice employees of five general hospitals with more than 300 beds, three of them were independent and two of them were contract foodservice management. A total of 129 questionnaires were returned and analyzed for statistical analysis. Statistical analysis was completed using SPSS for chi-square test, t-test and Pearson's correlation. The results of this study showed that employees of contract foodservice presented higher scores than independent foodservice in interests, affection, importance of works. And achievement of work was significantly different between contract and independent foodservice employees (p < 0.05). The satisfaction of payment adequacy was lower for contract foodservice employees (p < 0.05). The employees of both contract and independent foodservice were satisfied with attitude of foodservice managers toward employee. Attitude scores of foodservice employees toward co-worker were higher in independent foodservice. Employees of independent foodservice showed higher scores for the attitude toward institution represented satisfaction. (Korean J Nutrition 38(2): 173～179, 2005)

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.121-147
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• 2004

Since the pilot program for a DRG-based prospective payment system was introduced in 1997, the performance of KDRGs has been one of hotly debated issues. The objectives of this study are to refine the classification algorithm of the KDRGs and to assess the improvement achieved by the refinement. The U.S. Medicare DRGs version 17.0 and the Australian Refined DRGs version 4.1 were reviewed to identify areas of possible impro-vement. Refined changes in the classification and result of date analyses were submitted to a panel of 48 physicians for their reviews and suggestions. The refinement was evaluated by the variance reduction in resource utilization achieved by the KDRG The database of 2,182,168 claims submitted to the Health Insurance Review Agency during 2002 was used for evaluation. As the result of the refinement, three new MDCs were introduced and the number of ADEGs increased from 332 to 674. Various age splits and two to four levels of severity classification for secondary diagnoses were introduced as well. A total of 1,817 groups were defined in the refined KDRGs. The variance reduction for charges of all patients increased from 48.2％ to 53.6％ by the refinement, and from 65.6％ to 73.1％ for non-outlier patients. The r-square for length of stays of all patients was increased from 28.3％ to 32.6％, and from 40.4％ to 44.9％ for non-outlier patients. These results indicated a significant improvement in the classification accuracy of the KDRG system.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.91-107
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• 1996

The paper examines the dividend on purchase and revolving funds system of fisheries cooperatives, and discusses how to reform the current revolving funds system. In general, there are two types of dividend that fisheries cooperatives pay to their members : (1) dividend on capital and (2) dividend on purchase or patronage dividend. During the last 5 years from 1990 to 1994, the rate of total dividend ranged from 7.5% to 8.6%. The average rate of dividend on capital and dividend on purchase are 7.3% and 0.5%, respectively. On average, the level of dividend on capital is almost 15 times as high as that of dividend on purchase. Since the dividend on purchase is supposed to be reinvested into capital by the Articles of the cooperatives, it is paid only if there are additional funds available after the payment of dividend on capital and is regarded as the secondary type of dividend. For this reason, even though most of fisheries cooperatives pay the dividend on capital, only a small number of cooperatives pay the patronage dividend. This means that most of cooperatives cannot materialize the managerial function of dividend on purchase to improve their operational efficiency under the current system of revolving funds. Therefore, the paper suggests that in the long run, the system of revolving funds should be reformed in the way that revolving funds could serve to complement equity capital for only a fixed time, after which they are repaid to members.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.185-193
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of job satisfaction and organizational commitment on the nurse's turnover intention working in the social welfare facilities. Methods: The subjects of this study were 319 nurses who were working in the 238 social welfare facilities. The data were collected by self-reporting questionnaires. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression. Results: It was found that the key predictor of turnover intention was organizational commitment Organizational commitment explained 41.2% of the total variance of turnover intention. In case of sub categories of job satisfaction, organizational commitment had 37.2% prediction and then payment and supervision added 6.2% prediction. Conclusion: These results suggest that the key predict factor of nurse's turnover intention working in social welfare facilities is organizational commitment. Therefore, the findings of this study can be used to develop effective strategies to decrease nurse's turnover intention.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.42 no.11
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• pp.205-222
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• 2004

The purposes of this study were to examine urban household's monthly expenses for public pension and to analyze the contributing factors. Data for this study were from the 2002 Urban Household Survey and consisted of a sample of 21,093 urban households. Statistics used for the analysis were frequencies, means, ANOVA and multiple regression analysis. The major findings were as follows ; First, the average urban household monthly payment for the public pension was 104,036 won, consisting of 102,757 won for single earner households and 106,014 won for dual earner households. Second, the highest expenses for monthly public pension was urban households, followed by male household head(HH), HH's age from 41-50 years, HH's educational level was college, HH's job was public servant, family didn't live in Seoul, family w3s an extended family and family owned the house. Third, the significant factors affecting the urban household's monthly public pension were HH's gender, age, educational level, type of job, region, type of family, number of children, type of earner, monthly total income, increase of asset in a month and house ownership.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.9-22
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• 2018

Korea meteorological administration(KMA) has started to levy air meteorological service charge on both national and foreign carriers since 2005. The charge has grown on 2010 and 2014 twice. However, KMA has still kept asking airlines to agree with another increase in the charge due to the low cost of goods recovery ratio of 7%. The air meteorological charge has changed from 2,210 KRW at the beginning to 11,400 KRW as of June 2018. According to ARIMA intervention time series analysis, it was proven national carriers would make a payment of 831 million KRW 2018 and 1,024 million KRW 2019, showing 186.2% and 123.2% increase compared to last year respectively. The total amount of charge for both national LCC and foreign airlines was aggregated up to 1,952 million KRW 2019, 227% bigger than the charge paid at 2017. Considering the 50% increase of consumer price index last decade, the increased charge would impair the global competitiveness of national carriers. It could be suggested that current air meteorological charge scheme be improved to apply overseas trend and for national carriers to have a competitive advantage in global aviation market.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.157-165
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• 2020

This paper estimates the optimum level of reserves in Vietnam based on the approach of reserves' cost-benefit and sovereign risk which is one of developing countries' characteristics. The cost of reserves is the opportunity cost when holding reserves. The benefit of reserves is the loss due to country's default in case that there is no reserves to finance external debt payment. The optimum reserves is found out by minimizing the total of opportunity cost and loss due to country's default with the probability of default. Through the usage of HP Filter method for calculating the loss due to country's default, ARDL regression for the risk premium model and lending rate of VND as proxy for opportunity cost together with the Vietnamese economic data in the period of 2005 - 2017, the empirical results show that the optimum reserves in Vietnam is almost higher than the actual reserves during the research period except the point of Q3/2008 and the last point of research period - Q4/2017. Therefore, Vietnam should continue to increase reserves for safety but Vietnam does not need pushing quickly the speed of increasing reserves. In addition, controlling Vietnamese optimum reserves is necessary to help the actual reserves become reasonable.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.19-27
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• 2019

Purpose - The purpose of this study was to examine quality improvement priorities by examining not only quality classifications but also PCSI (Kano, 1984) of mobile app service qualities of general hospitals in the Metropolitan Area and offer potential improvements. Research design, data, and methodology - The study examined five of service qualities, including app design, reaction, convenience, safety and supply of information by precedent studies. 20 test items were selected. A total of 60 positive and negative questions to estimate customer satisfaction and PCSI was investigated. The author collected 300 copies from interviewees who made use of the app services of 13 general hospitals within one year, and classified quality factors by using table of quality assessment and also estimated the customer satisfaction index (Timko, 1993). The study made quality improvement priority by the PCSI index. Results - Reaction of the mobile app service quality ranked the highest PCSI, and payment safety ranked the highest, and customer support and supply of the information ranked high as well. It was observed that design ranked comparatively lower in these categories. Conclusion - Safety, reaction and supply of information should be prioritized to reorganize and improve the mobile app services.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.71-95
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• 2006

In recent, T-commerce is widely dispersed as alternative type of commerce. It is forecasted that t-commerce system is used more than e-commerce system. Therefore more and more t-commerce-related industries are also recognizing that t-commerce is a critical business model. It is needed to understand the concept of t-commerce and develop the t-commerce marketing strategy. CEO analyses consumer's behaviors according to the data about buyers and applies the advantage of t-commerce to the communication with customers. This t-commerce system plays an important role in maximizing customer satisfaction and affecting their intention to reuse it. Therefore this paper attempts to identify T-commerce critical success factors and divide between use-intention group and unuse-intention group by taking out a discriminant function by the discriminant analysis. This lays a foundation in developing T-commerce strategy. According to the discriminant function extracted, convenience factor, amusement factor, system quality factor, product perception factor are significant in the sequence of influential degree. However, usefulness factor and speedy connection factor are not significant. In result, the target hitting rate is 77.9% in the first unuse-intention group and it is 95.2% in the second use-intention group. The total discriminant target hitting rate is computed to higher value, 86.55%. The statistic package, SPSS 12.0, is used to survey and analyse data and test the hypothesis. The validity and reliability of variables are verified by both reliability analysis and factor analysis. The discriminant analysis is used to tell the difference between use-intention group and unuse-intention group.