• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.615-620
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 절임배추의 저장 기간을 연장하기 위해 전해수를 배추의 세척에 이용하였다. 절이는 동안 증가하는 절임배추의 초기 미생물을 제어하기 위하여 절이기 직전에 세척 과정을 추가하였으며, 대조구로는 수도수를 사용하였다. 세척한 후 절여진 배추를 0, 4 및 $10^{\circ}C$에 저장하면서 그 품질특성을 비교하였다. 절임배추의 총 균수는 수도수 처리구가 5.36 log CFU/g, 전해수 처리구가 3.50 log CFU/g으로 전해수로 세척할 경우 대조구보다 낮은 균수를 보였으며 저장기간이 증가하는 동안에도 대조구보다 낮은 균수를 유지하였다. 특히 $0^{\circ}C$에 저장할 경우 초기 균수를 32일 정도 유지하는 것으로 나타났으며, 젖산균의 경우 두 처리구 모두 24일까지 1 log CFU/g 이하의 수준을 유지하였다. 절임배추의 염도는 첨가해 준 염수와의 염 농도 평형에 의해 초기에 다소 감소가 일어났지만 저장 기간 동안 전반적으로 유지되었다. pH, 환원당, 경도 및 염수의 투과도는 시간이 경과함에 따라 감소가 되었으며, 저장 온도가 높을수록 그 속도는 빠르게 일어났다. $0^{\circ}C$에 저장할 경우 초기 미생물의 수가 유지되는 24일째까지 pH, 경도 및 염수투과도의 감소가 서서히 진행되었고 이는 미생물의 증식에 의해 영향을 받은 것으로 사료된다. 따라서 절임배추의 저장 기간을 연장하기 위한 전해수 세척 과정의 첨가는 절임배추의 초기 균수를 낮춰 미생물 증식에 의해 야기되는 품질 변화를 연장시켜줄 수 있을 것으로 판단되며, 전해수가 세척수로서 사용될 경우 농도 및 세척 시간에 관한 추가적인 연구가 요구되는 바이다.

• 식물병연구
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.143-151
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• 2022

국내의 고추 포장에서 나타나는 시듦 증상의 원인을 규명하기 위하여 2010년부터 2014년까지 5년 동안 충북 괴산의 고추 재배 포장에서 시듦 증상을 보이는 고추의 발병도를 조사하였다. 조사한 연도에 따라서 시듦 증상에 대한 발병에는 차이가 있었지만, 조사하는 시기가 6월과 7월을 지나 8월이 되면서 발병도가 높게 상승하였다. 이 시기 동안 시듦 증상을 보이는 고추에서 Ralstonia solanacearum이 Phytophthora capsici보다 4배 높은 비율로 분리되었다. 충북 괴산과 경북 안동의 포장에서 2013년과 2014년의 2년 동안 채집한 시든 고추에서 병원균을 분리하여 보아도, 조사한 전체 포장 중의 20.3%에서 R. solanacearum이 분리되었으며, 역병균인 P. capsici는 3.8%의 포장에서만 분리되었다. 시듦 증상이 높은 비율로 나타났던 해에는 평균기온이 높았으며, 고추 풋마름병 예찰 모델로 추정된 풋마름병의 초발생일도 빨라짐을 알 수 있었다. 역병 발생 위험 일수와 실제 시듦 증상 발생 빈도의 결과가 부합하지 않는 것은 재배 현장에서 역병 저항성 품종의 사용이 일반화되어 있기 때문이라고 생각한다. 이런 결과를 통해서 역병 저항성 고추 품종이 재배 현장에 도입된 이후, 포장에서 관찰할 수 있는 시듦 증상의 원인은 P. capsici에 의한 역병보다는 R. solanacearum에 의한 풋마름병이었다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.102-110
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• 2018

Debridement is a crucial component of wound management. Recent technologies such as hydrosurgery (Versajet), ultrasound therapy (the MIST therapy device), or plasma-mediated bipolar radio-frequency ablation therapy (Coblation) seem to represent interesting alternatives for wound debridement. The purpose of this systematic review was to describe, evaluate, and compare these three recently developed methods for the management of chronic wounds. In January 2016, an electronic database search was conducted of MEDLINE, PubMed Central, and Embase for articles concerning these three innovative methods for the management of chronic wounds. A total of 389 references were identified by our search strategy, and 15 articles were included. We extracted data regarding the number and age of patients, indications, operating time, number of procedures, costs, wound healing time, decrease in exudation, perioperative blood loss, bacterial load, and the occurrence of complications. The 15 articles included studies that involved 563 patients who underwent hydrosurgery (7 studies), ultrasound therapy (6 studies), or Coblation (2 studies). Six randomized controlled trials were included that compared the use of a scalpel or curette to hydrosurgery (2 studies) or ultrasound therapy (6 studies). Hydrosurgery, in addition to being a very precise and selective tool, allows significantly faster debridement. Ultrasound therapy provides a significant reduction of exudation, and improves the wound healing time. No comparative study dedicated to Coblation was identified. Despite the obvious clinical interest of the topic, our review of the current literature revealed a lack of prospective randomized studies comparing these devices with each other or with standard techniques, particularly for Coblation and hydrosurgery.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.755-765
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• 2008

To investigate correlation between the distribution of marine bacteria and environmental characteristics in the surface sediments of Kamak Bay, chemical oxygen demand(COD), acid volatile sulfide(AVS), ignition loss(IL), total organic carbon(TOC), and total organic nitrogen(TON) were measured and analyzed at 7 stations in winter and summer. In winter, COD and AVS ranged from 13.45 mg/g to 30.06 mg/g(average: 23.58 mg/g) and from 0.03 mg/g to 1.04 mg/g(average: 0.63 mg/g), respectively. IL, TOC, and TON ranged from 8.03% to 11.41%(average: 9.41%), from 1.17% to 2.10%(average: 1.62%), and from 0.09% to 0.18%(average 0.15%), respectively. In summer, COD, AVS, IL, TOC, and TON ranged from 14.06 mg/g to 32.19 mg/g(average: 24.71 mg/g), from 0.03 mg/g to 1.11 mg/g(average: 0.66 mg/g), from 9.00% to 12.15%(average: 10.96%), from 1.27% to 2.12%(average 1.77%), and from 0.12% to 0.19%(average: 0.16%), respectively. These values were relatively higher than those in winter. Kamak Bay had high C/N ratio that might be resulted from the input of terrestrial sewage and industrial wastewater. The number of marine viable bacteria was $8.9{\times}10^4\;cfu/g$ in winter and $9.7{\times}10^5\;cfu/g$ in summer. The most abundant species were Pseudomonas spp., Flavobacterium spp., and Vibrio spp, in the surface sediments of Kamak Bay. It was found that the concentration of organic matters and viable bacterial cells in the inner part were relatively higher than those in the outer of Kamak Bay. The distribution of viable bacterial cells was closely influenced by environmental factors.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.223-227
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• 2006

Anti-H pylori 항체를 함유한 면역우유를 $60^{\circ}C$에서 30분 열처리한 것과 열처리하지 않은 Anti-H. pylori 항체를 함유한 원유의 면역활성 비교시 99.99(100)%의 면역 활성을 나타내었으며, $75^{\circ}C$ 이상의 열처리에 의해서는 면역 활성이 급격하게 감소하여 약 50%이하로 감소하였다. 열처리 온도가 높을수록, 열처리 시간이 증가할수록 총균수의 감소율이 증가하였다. Coliform bacteria의 경우는 원유에서 $10^2\;CFU/mL$이 관찰되었으나 모든 열처리 구에서는 관찰되지 않았다. 면역우유를 $2^{\circ}C,\;4^{\circ}C$ 그리고 $10^{\circ}C$에서 21일 동안 저장한 결과 면역우유의 저장 중pH의 변화는 저장 21일 동안 $2^{\circ}C$와 $4^{\circ}C$에 저장한 경우 저장온도에 따른 뚜렷한 변화는 관찰할 수 없었으며, $10^{\circ}C$에 저장한 경우 저장 7일 이후 급격히 감소하였다. 총균수의 변화는 저장 초기 $10^3\;CFU/mL$에서 $2^{\circ}C$와 $4^{\circ}C$에 저장한 열처리 면역우유의 총균수는 저장 21일 동안 뚜렷한 증가현상을 관찰할 수 없었으며, $10^{\circ}C$에 저장하였을 경우 7일 이후 급격히 증가하여 저장 14일째 $10^8\;CFU/mL$로 부패현상을 나타내었다. 면역우유의 저장 중 면역 활성의 변화는 저장 온도에 관계없이 저장 14일까지는 저장초기의 활성에 비해 뚜렷한 차이는 나타나지 않았으나 14일 이후 급격히 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.261-271
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• 2018

Purpose: Few studies have examined periodontal pathogens from saliva samples in periodontally healthy young adults. The purposes of this study were to determine the prevalence of periodontopathic bacteria and to quantify periodontal pathogens in saliva samples using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays in periodontally healthy Korean young adults under 35 years of age. Methods: Nine major periodontal pathogens were analyzed by real-time PCR in saliva from 94 periodontally healthy young adults. Quantification of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Campylobacter rectus, Peptostreptococcus anaerobius, and Eikenella corrodens was performed by DNA copy number measurement. Results: F. nucleatum and E. corrodens were detected in all subjects; the numbers of positive samples were 87 (92.6%), 91 (96.8%), and 90 (95.7%) for P. gingivalis, P. anaerobius, and C. rectus, respectively. Other pathogens were also detected in periodontally healthy subjects. Analysis of DNA copy numbers revealed that the most abundant periodontal pathogen was F. nucleatum, which was significantly more prevalent than all other bacteria (P<0.001), followed by P. anaerobius, P. gingivalis, E. corrodens, C. rectus, and T. denticola. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of each bacterium between men and women. The DNA copy number of total bacteria was significantly higher in men than in women. Conclusions: Major periodontal pathogens were prevalent in the saliva of periodontally healthy Korean young adults. Therefore, we suggest that the development of periodontal disease should not be overlooked in periodontally healthy young people, as it can arise due to periodontal pathogen imbalance and host susceptibility.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.52-57
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• 2007

Growth promotion of wild plants by some plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) was examined in the microcosms composed of soils collected separately from a grass-covered site and a nongrass-covered site in a lakeside barren area at Lake Paro, Korea. After sowing the seeds of eight kinds of wild plants and inoculation of several strains of PGPR, the total bacterial number and microbial activity were measured during 5 months of study period, and the plant biomasses grown were compared at the end of the study. Acridine orange direct counts in the inoculated microcosms, $1.3-9.8{\times}10^9\;cells{\cdot}g\;soil^{-1}$ in the soil from the grass-covered area and $0.9-7.2{\times}10^9\;cells{\cdot}g\;soil^{-1}$ in the soil from the nongrass-covered site, were almost twice higher than those in the uninoculated microcosms. The number of Pseudomonas sp., well-known bacteria as PGPR, and the soil dehydrogenase activity were also higher in the inoculated soils than the uninoculated soils. The first germination of sowed seeds in the inoculated microcosm was 5 days earlier than the uninoculated microcosm. Average lengths of all plants grown during the study period were 26% and 29% longer in the inoculated microcosms starting with the grass-covered soil and the nongrass-covered soil, respectively, compared with those in the uninoculated microcosms. Dry weights of whole plants grown were 67-82% higher in the inoculated microcosms than the uninoculated microcosms. Microbial population and activity and growth promoting effect by PGPR were all higher in the soils collected from the grass-covered area than in the nongrass-covered area. The growth enhancement of wild plants seemed to occur by the activities of inoculated microorganisms, and this capability of PGPR may be utilized for rapid revegetation of some barren lands.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 1997

Distribution of airborne microorganisms was determined with two different types of air samplers, the Anderson cascade sampler and the Aerobioscope sampler, in the vicinity of Taejon. The size distribution of particles carrying bacteria and fungi was concurrently measured. The concentration of detected viable airborne particles was greatly varied. It was observed that the number of microbial particles increased in April and October. The most isze o particles carrying bacteria was larger than 4.7 .mu.m in mean aerodiameter, which made up 69.8% of the total particle fraction. About 63.2% of fungi-carrying particles were smaller than 4.7 .mu.m in aerodiameter. The distribution of particles on Yellow Sand Phenomena days was also analyzed. The number of fine particles having mass median aero-diameter from 1.0 to 10.mu.m increased on Yellow Sand Phenomena days to about 6 times that on normal days and the n umber of colony forming unit (CFU/$\textrm{m}^3$) of airborne bacteria also increased by 4.3 times in April. The reuslts from the Anderson sampler showed that the concentration of bacteria increased greatly on the fraction of fine particles ranging from 0.6 $\mu$m to 4.7 $\mu$m in diameter. Unlike the increase in bacterial floraon Yellow Sand Phenomena days, the fungal concentration slightly decreased and showed a normal size distribution parttern. This study suggests that a long-range transmission of bacteria results form bacteria adsorbing onto the fine particles during the Yellow Sand Phenomena.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.193-203
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• 1998

20 Subjects with clinical diagnosis of adult periodontitis with sites having average pocket depth of 4mm were selected for the study. After scaling and root planing of those sites, 30% minocycline-HCI contained in biodegradable device were inserted in one group, scaling and root planing was carried out in another group and the last group was without any periodontal treatment. the difference between the group was detemined by pocket dept, bleeding on prbing, attachment level, distribution of subgingval plaque bacteria. Conclusion was made for the comparisons between baseline and 4 week and the groups. 1. In analysis of pocket depth, there was significant sifference in scaling and root planing group only. 2. Both the scaling and root planing group and minocycline group showed significant decrease in bleeding on probing. 3. There was significant increase in the attachment level in scaling and root planing group, but no difference was foundbetween the groups. 4. There was significant decrease in the total number of subgingival bacteria in all groups and the number of motile bacteria decreased significantly in the minocycline group. These result indicate that insertion of Minocycline-HCI at the base of periodntal pocket was useful as an additional aid of mechanical trarment at the point of periodontal pocket, bleeding on probing, attachment level, microbial distribution.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권12호
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• pp.2003-2011
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• 2021

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of marinating turkey meat with buttermilk and acid whey on the technological traits and microbiological quality of the product. Methods: Slices of turkey meat muscles were marinated for 12 hours in buttermilk (n = 30), acid whey (n = 30) and comparatively, in lemon juice (n = 30). The control group (n = 30) consisted of unmarinated slices of turkey breast muscles. Physical parameters (pH, water holding capacity, colour L^*a^*b^*, shear force, weight loss) were assessed and quantitative and qualitative microbiological evaluation of raw and roasted products was performed. The microbiological parameters were determined as the total viable counts of mesophilic aerobic bacteria, of the Enterobacteriaceae family, and Pseudomonas spp. Bacterial identification was performed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Results: Marinating turkey meat in buttermilk and whey compared to marinating in lemon juice and the control sample resulted in a higher (p<0.05) degree of yellow color saturation (b^*) and a reduction (p<0.05) in the number of mesophilic aerobic bacteria, Pseudomonas spp. and Enterobacteriaceae family as well as the number of identified mesophilic aerobic bacteria in both raw and roasted samples. The lowest (p<0.05) shear force values were found in products marinated in whey. Conclusion: The use of buttermilk and acid whey as a marinade for meat increases the microbiological safety of the product compared to marinating in lemon juice, while maintaining good technological features of the product.