• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.447-452
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• 2004

This study was designed to investigate the effect of Codonopsis lanceolata extracts on carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄)­induced hepatotoxicity in rats fed high, medium or low fat diet. The liver weight was increased not by the level of fat in diet but by administration of CCl₄. Activities of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were significantly increased by CCl₄, the activities of AST and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were significantly decreased in case of CCl₄ treatment with C. lanceolata extracts. In high fat diet with CCl₄ administration, the content of total lipid in liver was significantly increased, which was significantly decreased by the administration of C. lanceolata extracts. Administration of C. lanceolata water extracts remarkably prevented the tissue injury such as lipid degeneration, infiltration of inflanunatory cells and necrosis caused by CCl₄, but those methanol extracts did not affect histopathological changes of the liver as water extract. The data suggest that intake of C. lanceolata extracts would prevent lipid accumulation and hepatotoxicity induced by high fat diet and CCl₄ abministratim, and the water extract of C. lanceolata is supposed to be more effective than those methanol extract.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.7-12
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• 1988

Twenty cows, by order of calving, were used in a completely randomized $2{\times}2$ factorial experiment. Variables were tow protein levels (14 and 18% crude protein) and concentration of fat (2 and 6% ether extract) in diets. Fat addition, via unprocessed whole sunflower seed, insured forage utilization in diets to meet energy requirement of cows. A total of 36 wks of lactation was subdivided into three 12-wk stages of lactation. Net energy lactation was set at 1.72, 1.57 and 1.42 Mcal/kg for each stage. Higher protein diets improved the efficiency of energy (FCM/net energy intake) which was particularly noted for diets containing high fat (85.7%). However, diets with low protein-high fat resulted in the lowest efficiency (67.7%). No difference in milk yield and butterfat was due to different levels and combinations of protein and lipid in diets. High protein diets depressed blood cholesterol and glucose compared to low-protein counterparts. Relative decline in milk production was slower for lower fat diets than for higher fat groups, especially mid to later stage of lactation. Results of this experiment tend to support our thesis on the synergistic effect of dietary protein and energy (lipid) upon efficiency of lactation.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.25 no.7
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• pp.642-655
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• 1992

This study was designed to investigate the effect of nutrient intake on bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine(L2longrightarrowL4) in 41 postmenopausal women. The BMD of the lumbar spine was positively correlated with caiorie protein animal protein fat animal fat calcium animal calcium milk ad dairy calcium phosphorus iron animal iron vitamin A thiamin animal calcium milk and dairy calcium phosphorus iron animal iron vitamin A thiamin riboflavin niacin and ascorbic acid intake. Postmenopausal wmen of BMD$\geq$100% showed enhanced calorie protein fat calcium phosphrous niacin intake compared women of BMD<100% In the group of calorie protein riboflavin intake$\geq$recommended dietary allowances(RDA) BMD was significantly higher than BMD in the group of these nutrient intakes$\geq$700 mg/d is significantly higher than BMD that of examined using stepwise multiple regression analysis. From this analysis in subjects aged 50~59 years fat intake only in subjects aged 60~69 years niacin intake Ca/P in total subjects fat riboflavin intake were signifiant independent predictors of BMD In the group of menopausal significant independent predictor of BMD This study suggests that dietary calcium is a major constituent affecting lumbar spin BMD in postmenopausal women whose menopausal period is over than 5 years.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.13-19
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was aimed to identify the effects of group exercise on physiological functions in Elderly. Method: The design of research was one group pretest-posttest design. The subjects were sixty two elderly women persons over sixty years old to live in C-GUN, The exercise period was 12-weeks and frequency was three times per week. the exercise duration was sixty minites. In order to evaluate the effect of exercise, we measured %body fat, fat mass(FM), fat free mass(FFM), body mass index(BMI), body metabolic rate(BMR), Total Cholesterol(TC), Triglyceride(TG), high density lipoprotein-c(HDL-C), low density lipoprotein-c(LDL-C) before and after the 12 week's group exercise program. The data analyzed by the paired t-test using SPSS package. Result: There was significant difference in FFM(p=.000), BMR(p=.000), HDL-C(p=.010). There was no significant difference in weight(p=.122), %body fat(p=.062),, FM(p=.704), BMI(p=.136), TC(p=.125), TG(p=.064), LDL-C(p=.575) Conclusion: This group exercise for elderly women can be recommended as an effective nursing intervention for elderly women in a community.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.894-901
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• 2007

This study investigated the effects of cell cultured Acanthopanax senticosus extract (ASE) supplementation and swimming exercise on lipid profiles and carnitine concentrations in C57BL/6J mice fed high fat diets. Male C57BL/6J mice (n=50), aged 4 weeks, were divided into 5 groups based on exercise and/or ASE supplementation (0.5 g/kg of body weight): normal diet (N-C), high fat diet (H-C), high fat diet non-supplement & exercise (H-NSE), high fat diet supplement & no exercise (H-SNE), high fat diet supplement & exercis (H-SE). Liver nonesterified carnitine (NEC) was significantly higher in the H-SNE group than in the H-C group, and liver total carnitine (TCNE) levels were significantly higher in the H-SNE group than in the H-NSE and H-SE groups. Liver and muscle carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I (CPT-I) mRNA levels tended to be higher with ASE supplementation and/or exercise. These results suggest that supplementation with ASE and/or exercise might have a role in improving lipid oxidation.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.95-100
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• 2011

The effect of diet supplementation of Antheraea pernyi (A. pernyi) silk fibroin on the lipid metabolism and antioxidant defense status in high fat-fed mice was investigated. The animals were given normal control diet (NC group), high fat diet (HF group), or high fat diet supplemented with A. pernyi silk fibroin powder (HFS group) for 7 weeks. After the experimental period, the HF group showed significant increase in body weight, plasma and hepatic total cholesterol levels, and hepatic triglyceride concentration, and decreased activities of hepatic antioxidant enzymes relative to NC group. However, the HFS group exhibited marked reduction in body weight, plasma cholesterol and hepatic triglyceride levels, hepatic lipogenic enzyme activities, and lipid peroxidation rate, and higher high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol level, fecal triglyceride content, and antioxidant enzymes activities compared with that of HF group. These findings demonstrate that dietary feeding of A. pernyi silk fibroin could improve the lipid metabolism and antioxidant defense system via regulation of hepatic antioxidant and lipogenic enzymes activities. Hence, this silk fibroin may be beneficial as a functional biomaterial for the development of therapeutic agent against high fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia and its related diseases.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.46-52
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• 2019

This study was conducted to investigate the cholesterol and Triglyceride (TG) lowering and anti-obesity effects of water extract of vegetable formula (onion 25%, carrot 20%, Cabbage 20%, Sweet Pumpkins 20%, Chinese plum 5%, turmeric 5%, morus leaves 5%, SLS) in mice fed high fat-diet. ICR mice were divided into 3 groups; a normal diet group (ND), a high-fat diet group (HFD), a high-fat diet and SLS with 300 mg/kg treated group (HFD+SLS). Body fat gain was increased by high-fat diet and HFD+SLS group showed a definite weight loss. The total cholesterol level in the HFD+SLS group was 328.4 mg/dl which was 27.4% lower than that in the HFD group and the cholesterol-lowering effect of SLS was confirmed. The HFD + SLS group showed 118.1 mg/dl and the triglyceride level in the serum was decreased by 88.7% compared to the HFD group and SLS significantly decreased blood triglyceride levels. RT-PCR showed that the expression of PPAR-${\gamma}$ and the target gene SCD-1 was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner in the SLS-treated group. These results suggest that the SLS water extract may have a cholesterol and triglyceride-lowering effect and inhibit the expression of PPAR-${\gamma}$ and SCD-1 to have an anti-obesity effect.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.315-325
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to investigate the changes in lipid proton (LP) composition according to the induced obese fatty liver and to use it as basic data for treatment and diagnosis of fatty liver in the future. The phantom study was conducted to identify differences between STEAM and PRESS Pulse sequences in LP concentration. A high-fat diet (60%) was administered to eight Sprague-Dawley rats to induce obesity and fatty liver disease. Baseline magnetic resonance imaging /spectroscopy data were obtained prior to the introduction of high-fat diet, and data acquisition experiments were performed after eight weeks using procedures identical to those used for baseline studies. The six lipid proton metabolites were calculated using LCModel software. The correlation between the fat percentage and each LP, revealed that the methylene protons at 1.3 ppm showed the highest positive correlation. The α-methylene protons to carboxyl and diallylic protons showed negative correlation with fat percentage. The methylene proton showed the highest increase in the LP; however, it constituted only 71.86% of the total LP concentration. The methylene proton plays a leading role in fat accumulation in liver parenchyma.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.463-467
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• 2023

Madelung's disease (MD) is a rare disease characterized by diffuse, nonencapsulated, multiple fat masses in different areas of the body. In this case report, we present a case of MD in Asia and its management. A 66-year-old man with a history of hypertension presented with massive growth of soft tissue around the neck, breasts, upper back, and lower abdomen. Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging revealed remarkably hypertrophic fat tissue around the neck and anterior chest was wall, which consistent with the diagnosis of MD. Multiple linear incisions were made on the neck and 763, 186, 635 g of posterior, right, and left fat tissues were excised, respectively. A single wide, transverse incision was done to excise 1,072 g of fat from the upper back. Masses of both breasts were excised, preserving the inferior pedicle, weighing 1,086 (right) and 1,164 g (left). The recovery was optimal and the patient was discharged without complications. In this case, we excised the adipose masses as much as possible and improved contour and symmetry. However, the fat infiltrations in the patient were diffusely distributed, making total fat excision difficult. This rare case report may help in managing patients with MD.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.403-414
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• 2023

This study aimed to determine the anti-obesity effect of adding Wolfiporia extensa Ginns (W) to fermented pollack skin products in an obesity-induced animal model. The experimental groups were the normal diet group (C), high-fat diet group (HF), dried pollack skin (H1), fermented pollack skin (H2), and W of 0.1 (F2-WL), 0.3 (F2-WM), and 0.5 (F2), respectively. It was confirmed that adding W to fermented pollack skin reduced blood triglycerides, total cholesterol, and LDL levels, while increasing HDL levels. Wolfiporia extensa Ginns was effective in controlling weight and improving blood lipids in a dose-dependent manner. In histological analysis, findings of fatty liver induced by a high-fat diet were improved by the addition of H2 and W. Size and density of fat globules in the epididymis were decreased. In addition, the concentration of TNF-α was increased in the high-fat diet group, but decreased by the addition of fermented pollack skin and W. In conclusion, adding fermented dried pollack skin and Wolfiporia extensa Ginns was effective for weight control and blood lipid improvement. Thus, the use of by-products in functional foods is expected to have a high value in the future.