• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.97-109
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• 2013

This study introduces an analysis of the quantitative characteristics of topography and topographical changes based on precise 3D topography through 6 times surveys from December 2008 to January 2010 using Terrestrial LIDAR on the Malipo beach. The Malipo sand beach is mostly located between 0m to 1.5m MSL. The area of the beach above 2.25m, the Mean High Water, is very small. It have characteristics of topographical change of erosion and deposition along the entire coast line which more apparently appear in the northern beach than the southern part of the beach. Erosion prevails from spring to autumn, while during winter both erosion and deposition largely occur. Volumes from first and last survey were almost equal.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.103-116
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• 2018

The purposes of this research are as follows: First, to reconstruct the optimal locational environment of the Bronze Age settlement in Cheonan Baekseok-dong (hereinafter referred to as the study settlement). Second, to identify the priority ranking of the topographical factors that influenced the Bronze Age people when selecting their the settlement location. For these reasons, the topographical factors of the 200 Bronze Age dwellings (hereinafter referred to as dwellings) confirmed in the survey area were analyzed through the ridge's environmental perspective. The results are asfollows: First, the optimal ridge environment of the Bronze Age settlement is largely a sub-ridge in N-S direction (for example, NNW-SSE, N-S, NNESSW), especially at the top (Crest slope, Crest flat) of the south-facing aspect of the ridge. Second, when the Bronze Age dwellers selected a residential location, they carefully considered topographical factors in the following order: (1) the slope direction of the ridge surface, (2) the micro-landform of the ridge, (3) the ridge scale, (4) the ridge direction, and (5) the surface relief. The results of this study could be used as basic data in related fields such as archaeology, quaternary research, and traditional architecture and so on.

• Proceedings of the ESK Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.260-266
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• 1997

The Navigation Streets Map that directly supplies information for a driver plays an important role in Car Navigation System(CNS). Therefore, cause the compatibility, preference, visibility, and readability of the navigation streets map will be hold sway over driver's information acquisition, safety, and performance in CNS, it is important that designer's requirements should be analyuzed for ergonomic design of navigation streets map. Especially, there are differences between the topographical objects marking method and that of the general map in a navigation streets map. Because much information is marked in a narrow space, it is important that the text information should be done in navigation streets map. Also, because it is a important factor to mark the text format for the marking method of the topographical objects, the design requirements will be drawn out through the factor analysis for the text marking method. And when ergonomic designers are doing, this result will be basic research for developing driving simulator of CNS and it will be a ergonomic guideline of navigation streets map.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.61-69
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• 2008

In general, it has been usually used the method that assess rock slope stability using stereographic projection method, limit equilibrium analysis, numerical analysis and slope stability evaluation table. Several methods for assessing the stability of rock slopes has been proposed on the basis of site investigation data. These method adopted different evaluation items and weighting factors by researchers, organization and nation. But the researches for each evaluation items were insufficient. So the effectiveness of rock slope stability evaluation items for geometrical configuration (slope height, slope direction and angle, dip and dip direction of major discontinuity, absolute value for the direction difference for slope and major discontinuities) and topographical characteristic (possibility of topographical water concentration, upper natural slope angle, slope configuration) using 315 failure and stable highway rock slope analysis data, AV (abnormal value) analysis and NMAV (normalized maximum abnormal value) analysis were evaluated.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.10-20
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• 2005

The change of stream creation has a very sensitive effect on runoff analysis model using the divergence characteristic of stream. Therefore, in this study, the threshold area of stream creation was examined the change characteristic of topographical parameters. The subject basin of the research was the upper basin of the Kumho water gage station which is located in the middle of the Kumho river. The 1:25,000 numerical geography which was constructed $10{\times}10m$ mesh was used. The range of investigation of topographical parameters are number of stream order, length, area, slope, basin relief, sinuosity ratio, drainage density and total stream length etc. It was found from the result of analysis that the threshold value of 1st order stream has a very big effect on topographical parameters of basin. It was found that the threshold area of stream creation was under $0.10km^2$, the parameters showed a big change but showed a very small change over $0.10km^2$.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.937-941
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• 2007

For Hydrologic analysis of the river, the exact Dividing Watershed and Hydrologic-Topographical Parameters affect enormously Hydrologic analysis of the river basin. Therefore the extraction of Hydrologic-Topographical Parameters as well as Dividing Watershed are stiuied by several ways. However the definite standard of all those means are not settled. Recently GIS is applied to the field of water resources so that we can divide Watershed and calculate Hydrologic-Topographical Parameters of the targeted area easily and objective way for using DEM. Thanks to DEM, we don't have to spend much time as we did before. However other problems are generated such as the parameter value is changed by the precision of established NGIS(National Geographic Information System), etc. In this study, using GIS which is popular recently, we suggested efficient extract method of Hydrologic-Topographical Parameters SCS(Soil Conservation Service) CN(Curve Number) in watershed.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.303-308
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• 2017

Most automobile tire companies have not yet considered the geometric information of a road at the design stage of a tire because the topographical characterization of a road surface is very difficult owing to its vastness and randomness. A road surface shows variable surface roughness values according to magnification, and thus, the contact force between the road and tire significantly fluctuates with respect to the scale. In this study, we make an attempt to define a representative value for surface topographical information at multi-scale levels. To represent surface topography, we use a statistical method called power spectral density (PSD). We use the fast Fourier transform (FFT) and PSD to analyze the height profiles of a random surface. The FFT and PSD of a surface help in obtaining a fractal dimension, which is a representative value of surface topography at all length scales. We develop three surfaces with different fractal dimensions. We use finite element analysis (FEA) to observe the contact forces between a tire and the road surfaces with three different fractal dimensions. The results from FEA reveal that an increase in the fractal dimension decreases the contact length between the tire and road surfaces. On the contrary, the average contact force increases. This result indicates that designing and manufacturing a tire considering the fractal dimension of a road makes safe driving possible, owing to the improvement in service life and braking performance of the tire.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.19-24
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• 2009

In order to analysis the variation in vegetation area caused by topographical change at Jinudo in the Nakdong estuary, we used aerial photographs of Jinudo from 1998 to 2006. To extract an accuracy shoreline from these aerial photographs, a tide calibration was performed. We also estimated the annual variation in topographic area and vegetation area, and then analyzed the relationship between them by a correlation analysis. The following results were obtained: 1) The calibrated shoreline distance of Jinudo from 1998 to 2006 was estimated to have a range of (-)1,927 cm to (+)4,671 cm. 2) Annual changes in the topographic area and vegetation area in Jinudo have been increasing gradually from 1998, and the correlation coefficient between topographic area and vegetation area is 0.97. 3) The estimated topographic areas were with following order: southern (III), eastern (IV), northern (II) and western (I), while for the vegetation area, the order was southern (III), northern (II), eastern (IV) and western (I). 4) The vegetation area of the southern region (III) of Jinudo had the largest size among the regions, and was calculated to be $4.3{\sim}5.4$ times larger than the eastern region (IV).

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.51-60
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• 2001

This study analyzed fractal characteristics of river basin by using GIS. In this study, topographical factors in river basin was grid-analyzed for each cell size by using GIS and regression formula was derived by analyzing correlation among topographical factors and cell size which were calculated here. And, analysis of fractal characteristics of river by using the result calculated from 1) showed that among topographical factors, river length only increases according as cell size increases. The result of calculating fractal dimension for each cell size shows that river length, basin area, and centroidal flow path are 1.028, 1.0026 and 1.0061 respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.252-263
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• 2019

In order to understand the tidal current and mean flow at the west channel of Yeoja Bay in the South Sea of Korea, numerical model experiments and vorticity analysis were carried out. The currents flow north at flood and south at ebb respectively and have the reversing form in the west channel. Topographical eddies are found in the surroundings of Dunbyong Island in the east of the channel. The flood currents flow from the waters near Naro Islands through the west channel and the coastal waters near Geumo Islands through the east channel. The ebb currents from the Yeoja Bay flow out along the west and the east channels separately. The south of Nang Island have weak flows because the island is located in the rear of main tidal stream. Currents are converged at ebb and diverged at flood in the northwest of Jeokgum Island. Tidal current ellipses show reversing form in the west channel but a kind of rotational form in the east channel. As the results of tide induced mean flows, cyclonic and anticyclonic topographical eddies at the northern tip but eddies with opposite spin at the southern tip are found in the west channel of Yeoja Bay. The topographical eddies around the islands and narrow channels are created from the vorticity formed at the land shore by the friction between tidal currents and the west channel.