• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.437-443
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• 2005

Dilaceration is most common in maxillary central incisor. Impaction by dilacerated tooth cause orthodontic problem such as tilting of adjacent tooth, midline deviation. Dilaceration is caused by trauma, cyst, other origin and tooth shape, degree of root curvature, location in the alveolar bone, ability of spontaneous eruption should be considered whether treat or not. Labially and lingually dilacerated tooth is difficult to spontaneous eruption. Thus, Prosthetic treatment alternative with extraction, auto transplantation, orthodontic traction with surgical exposure is included within the treatment alternative. These cases are about impacted central incisor with dilacerated root. We use closed eruption technique and guide impacted tooth into normal position by orthodontic traction.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.381-386
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• 2010

As the vertical fracture occurs at the various locations following the long axis of a root, treatment method of crown-root fractured anterior teeth is decided according to the depth. If the fracture line is close to the crown, gingivectomy, orthodontic - forced eruption or surgical extrusion of apical fragment could be done. If the line is over 1/3 length of the root, the prognosis is poor and extraction is usually undertaken. However, extraction of maxillary incisor at growing children causes many complications such as esthetic, phonetic problem and alveolar bone resorption. Therefore, preservation of tooth is the highest priority. Recently, intentional replantation with composite resin could be considered as alternative treatment of crown-root fractured anterior tooth. This report presents a patient in mixed dentition with deep vertical crown-root fracture of the maxillary permanent central incisors by trauma. Intentional replantation of the fractured teeth was performed using composite resin. After 2 years, specific clinical symptom has not been found and the patient was satisfied of esthetic result. This method suggests the new technique to preserve a tooth as an alternative to extraction, although it is technically sensitive and the reports of long-term prognosis is insufficient.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.29-37
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of intrusion in primary dentition and to evaluate factors influencing complications of primary and permanent dentition during long-term follow-up period. 61 patients (84 teeth) were selected in this study. Medical records of 61 patients were reviewed and age, gender, cause of injury, site of injury, severity of traumatic injury, other injuries associated with trauma, treatment method, and complications of primary and permanent dentition were examined. Collected data were statistically evaluated using Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. Intrusion in primary anterior teeth was predominant in boys over girls and fall was the most common cause of trauma. It was most common at home and occurred most in the primary maxillary central incisors. Severity had an effect on the incidence of sequelae in permanent successors (p = 0.014). The incidence of complications was significantly lower in patients with soft tissue injuries than in patients with other periodontal injuries (p = 0.000).

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.158-163
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• 2005

It is rare that the complete avulsion, intrusive luxation, and extrusive luxation occurred by trauma at the same time. In July, 2003, 10-year and 2 month-old-girl was referred to Department of Pediatric dentistry, Chonnam National University Hospital due to complete avulsion of upper right lateral incisor, intrusive luxation of upper right cental incisor and extrusive luxation of upper left central incisor. Traumatized teeth were surgically repositioned and fixated with resin-wire splint at the same day. Endodontic treatment of avulsed tooth was performed 2 weeks after trauma. A radiograph was taken 3 months after trauma, which demonstrated root resorption of both upper central incisors. External root resorption was arrested by the root canal therapy with calcium hydroxide. It showed good results for 1 year and 4 month but further follow-up is needed to check root resorption and ankylosis.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.114-119
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• 2004

For the tooth traumas of children, instant and appropriate treatment is one of the important factors to determine prognosis of traumatized teeth. Especially in case of avulsed tooth, prognosis is greatly affected by instant and appropriate emergency treatment. The objective of this survey was to investigate elementary school teachers? knowledge of first aid treatment for tooth traumas of children. We asked for 520 elementary school teachers in Busan to answer questionnaires and 455(87.5%) were returned. The result of the survey supports that knowledge of tooth is little understood except general information about the treatment of tooth traumas. And it also shows that practical treatment is poor and instruction of medical treatment is not generally known Furthermore most teachers agreed that expert education for prevention and cure of tooth traumas is necessary (81.8%) and mouth protector is also necessary (71.9%) for the prevention. The result leads to the conclusion that educations on the prevention and emergency treatment of tooth traumas of elementary children who are physically active are needed.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.185-198
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• 2009

Tooth anklylosis is defined as the adhesion state of alveolar bone to dentin or cementum. Trauma, disturbed metabolic disease, and congenital disease have been given as etiologic factors. Complications of tooth ankylosis are tipping of the neighboring teeth, space loss, and supraeruption of the opposing teeth. Particularly if dental ankylosis occurs in maxillary incisors of a growing child, the ankylosed tooth can not move vertically with subsequent disturbance in vertical growth of the alveolar process. With an appropriate treatment approach, an esthetic condition must be achieved especially in the maxillary anterior region. In this report, two cases are presented which were treated by the surgical repositioning method. One is treated by alveolar bone distraction osteogenesis which used a tooth-borne type distraction device and the other by single tooth osteotomy.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.519-525
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• 2007

Supernumerary tooth is developed from overgrowth of dental laminar and is mainly observed in the maxillary anterior area, named 'mesiodens. Mesiodens cause many problems such as malposition of permanent anterior tooth, diastema, formation of cyst, and eruption to oral or nasal cavity. Extraction, therefore, is generally recommended choice of treatment. This case report describes that the patient is a 9 years and 8 months old boy, whose unilateral maxillary incisor was missing due to trauma, and he had a mesiodens. We practiced autotransplantation of the mesiodens to the missing maxillary central incisor area and then restored with prosthetics, substantially kept out alveolar bony resorption and provided esthetic appearance. Mesiodens was too small to be used as an abutment because its length is totally 14mm, so that poor prognosis was anticipated due to bad crown/root ratio. However, we observed clinically acceptable result during the observation period of 8 months after operation.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.43-52
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• 2010

Purpose: To research about maxillofacial traumatic injuries of children in aspects of gender difference, various incidence rates between age, trauma type, cause, monthly and daily incidence rate, type of tooth damage, gingival damage, soft tissue damage, and type of facial bone fracture. Materials and methods: Study group consisted of children under 15 years of age who visited Dental Hospital, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University from 2004/7/1 to 2007/6/30 with chief complaint of oral and maxillofacial traumatic injuries. 1,559 cases of traumatic injuries were studied from 1,556 (1,004 male, 552 female) children. Conclusion: 1. There were slightly more boys than girls, giving a male-to-female ratio of 1.82:1.0. The 1-3 year old boys and girls had the highest number of traumatic injuries. 2. Of the 1,556 patients, 68.63% had soft tissue injuries, 50.22% had periodontal injuries, 29.89% had teeth injuries, and 3.85% had maxillofacial bone fractures. 3. Falling down was the most common cause of injury in both sexes. 4. The months with the highest incidence rates were in order May (12.12%), June (11.74%), and October (11.13%). Most of the injuries occurred on weekends. 5. The most common tooth injury was uncomplicated crown fracture, and the most common periodontal injury was subluxation. The majority of traumatizes teeth were the upper central incisors. 6. The most common soft tissue injury was intraoral lacerations. 7. Mandibular fractures were most frequent in facial bone fractures; symphysis, condylar head, and angle fractures were most frequent in mandibular fractures; maxillary and nasal bone fractures were most frequent in midfacial bone fractures.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.62-67
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• 2011

Early eruption refers to an accelerated eruption of a tooth beyond the normal eruption period. The clinical findings of an early erupted tooth with little formation of crown and/or root include severe mobility, pain on chewing, hypocalcification of the enamel, and inclination, displacement, and rotation of the tooth. The radiographic findings include underdeveloped root and insufficient bone support. Early eruption of a permanent tooth can cause several complications such as chronic trauma, pain, edema, an increased rate of premolar impaction and tooth displacement and/or rotation. Therefore, when a permanent tooth erupts earlier than its normal eruption period with accompanying symptoms, appropriate treatments should be done as soon as possible. A female patient of age 7 without any systemic disease was referred from a local dental clinic with chief complaint of severe mobilities and pain in both upper first premolars. According to the clinical and radiographic examinations, the permanent teeth erupted earlier with barely formed roots, severe mobilities, edema, and pain. This case is to report the successful accomplishment of root formations and stabilization of teeth after applying intraoral fixed appliances using bands and spurs for 14 months.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.32 no.6 s.95
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• pp.395-400
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• 2002

This paper outlines the case of a 56 year-old man undertaking treatment by means of luxation and forced eruption of an ankylosed canine. At the time of diagnosis, the ankylosis of the tooth was not suspected, because there were not signs of intrusive luxation nor horizontal diaplacement. Only after the application of a vertical elastic force failed to erupt the maxillary left canine, was the ankylosis of that tooth suspected. At the time of reevaluation, the maxillary left canine hads no physiologic tooth mobility and emitted a sharp, ringing sound upon percussion. Hence, the maxillary left canine was considered ankylosed. The treatment course then changed to the extrusion of the canine through the surgical luxation of the tooth and the prompt application of vertical extrusive forces. The above outcome was successful for the patient not only in the orthodontic aspect, but also in terms of the periodontal considerations