• Interdisciplinary Bio Central
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.1.1-1.6
• /
• 2011

Recently, with the progress of genome sequencing, materials and information for research on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) have been systematically organized. Tomato genomics tools including mutant collections, genome sequence information, full-length cDNA and metabolomic datasets have become available to the research community. In Japan, the National BioResource Project Tomato (NBRP Tomato) was launched in 2007, with aims to collect, propagate, maintain and distribute tomato bioresources to promote functional genomics studies in tomato. To this end, the dwarf variety Micro-Tom was chosen as a core genetic background, due to its many advantages as a model organism. In this project, a total of 12,000 mutagenized lines, consisting of 6000 EMS-mutagenized and 6000 gamma-ray irradiated M2 seeds, were produced, and the M3 offspring seeds derived from 2236 EMS-mutagenized M2 lines and 2700 gamma-ray irradiated M2 lines have been produced. Micro-Tom mutagenized lines in the M3 generation and monogenic Micro-Tom mutants are provided from NBRP tomato. Moreover, tomato cultivated varieties and its wild relatives, both of these are widely used for experimental study, are available. In addition to these bioresources, NBRP Tomato also provides 13,227 clones of full-length cDNA which represent individual transcripts non-redundantly. In this paper, we report the current status of NBRP Tomato and its future prospects.

• 원예과학기술지
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.336-344
• /
• 2011

Using the abundant available information about the tomato genome, we developed DNA markers that are linked to disease resistant loci and performed marker-assisted selection (MAS) to construct multi-disease resistant lines and varieties. Resistance markers of Ty-1, T2, and I2, which are linked to disease resistance to Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV), and Fusarium wilt, respectively, were developed in a co-dominant fashion. DNA sequences near the resistance loci of TYLCV, ToMV, and Fusarium wilt were used for primer design. Reported candidate markers for powdery mildew-resistance were screened and the 32.5Cla marker was selected. All four markers (Ty-1, T2, I2, and 32.5Cla) were converted to cleavage amplification polymorphisms (CAPS) markers. Then, the CAPS markers were applied to 96 tomato lines to determine the phenetic relationships among the lines. This information yielded clusters of breeding lines illustrating the distribution of resistant and susceptible characters among lines. These data were utilized further in a MAS program for several generations, and a total of ten varieties and ten inbred lines were constructed. Among four traits, three were introduced to develop varieties and breeding lines through the MAS program; several cultivars possessed up to seven disease resistant traits. These resistant trait-related markers that were developed for the tomato MAS program could be used to select early stage seedlings, saving time and cost, and to construct multi-disease resistant lines and varieties.

• 식물병연구
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.35-39
• /
• 2012

Phytophthora infestans에 의해 발생하는 토마토 잎마름 역병은 전 세계적으로 발생하여 토마토 생산에 막대한 피해를 준다. 이 병의 방제를 위하여 저항성 품종의 이용은 매우 중요하다. 저항성 품종육종의 초기 및 본 육종에서 토마토 유전자원의 저항성 평가는 매우 중요하다. 본 연구는 2009년에 유묘 및 성체식물을 대상으로 78종의 토마토 시판 품종과 계통에 대한 잎마름역병 저항성을 검정하였다. Legend를 포함한 모든 시판 품종은 감수성이지만, California 대학에서 분양 받은 KNU-2, KNU-6-1, KNU-11, KNU-13, KNU-14-1 계통과 저항성 유전자 Ph-3를 가지고 있는 L3708, $AV107-4{\times}L3708$, $07-15{\times}L3708$, $BS67{\times}L3708$ 및 $06-9-62A{\times}06-9-62A$ 계통은 고도의 저항성인 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서 선발된 토마토 잎마름역병에 고도의 저항성을 가지는 10계통은 저항성 품종육종을 위한 유용한 자원으로 활용될 수 있다.

• 식물병연구
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.253-258
• /
• 2014

Ralstonia solanacearum에 의해 발생하는 토마토 풋마름병에 대하여 저항성 품종이나 육성계통을 선발하기 위하여 국립농업유전자원센터로부터 국내 유전자원을 분양받아 국내 병원균에 대한 저항성 여부를 평가하였다. 한국에서 분리된 R. solanacearum SL341 균주로 52개의 품종과 계통의 저항성을 Hawaii 7996 품종과 Moneymaker 품종을 각각 저항성, 감수성 대조품종으로 사용하여 저항성 반응을 평가하였다. 그 결과 32개의 품종이 감수성이며, 10개의 품종과 계통은 저항성이 고정되지 않은 품종으로 나타났다. 5개의 시판품종과 5개의 육성 계통이 저항성 반응을 보였다. 본 연구결과를 통해 5개의 육성 계통은 저항성/방어반응의 후속연구와 저항성 품종 육종에 활용할 수 있음을 제시한다.

• 식물병연구
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.326-333
• /
• 2011

Ralstonia solanacearum에 의해 발생하는 토마토 풋마름병에 대하여 저항성으로 알려진 토마토 순계 품종의 국내 병원균에 대한 저항성 반응을 온도별로 평가하였다. 한국에서 분리된 R. solanacearum 균주로 토마토 순계 6 품종의 저항성을 평가한 결과 기존에 저항성으로 알려진 토마토 순계들이 한국 분리균주에 대하여는 대부분 저항성을 유지하지 못하였다. 병원성이 강한 균주인 SL341 (race 1, biovar 4) 균주는 검정한 대부분의 품종에서 온도에 관계없이 강한 병원성을 보였다. 반면, 담배에서 분리된 균주인 SL1944(race 1, biovar 4)은 온도에 따라 발병진전이 현저하게 차이가 났다. Moneymaker와 Bonny Best와 같은 품종은 온도에 관계없이 SL1944에 대하여 감수성이었다. 그러나, 풋마름병 저항성 품종으로 알려진 Hawaii 7998, Hawaii 7996, B-blocking 품종은 오히려 상대적으로 고온인 조건($35^{\circ}C$에서 14시간 명조건과 $28^{\circ}C$에서 10시간 암조건)에서 급격히 발병하였다. 병 진전은 동일한 품종의 낮은 온도에서 병 진전이나 Moneymaker나 Bonny Best 같은 품종에서 동일한 고온 조건의 발병에 비해 눈에 띄게 빨랐다. 본 연구결과는 국내에서 분리된 균주들이 기존에 저항성 토마토 품종을 가해할 수 있으며 고온조건에서는 품종의 저항성 붕괴의 가능성으로 급격한 풋마름병이 유발될 수 있음을 제시한다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• 제31권3호
• /
• pp.252-258
• /
• 2015

This is the first study reporting the evaluation of transgenic lines of tomato harboring rice chitinase (RCG3) gene for resistance to two important fungal pathogens Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol) causing fusarium wilt and Alternaria solani causing early blight (EB). In this study, three transgenic lines TL1, TL2 and TL3 of tomato Solanum lycopersicum Mill. cv. Riogrande genetically engineered with rice chitinase (RCG 3) gene and their R1 progeny was tested for resistance to Fol by root dip method and A. solani by detached leaf assay. All the R0 transgenic lines were highly resistant to these fungal pathogens compared to nontransgenic control plants. The pattern of segregation of three independent transformant for Fol and A. solani was also studied. Mendelian segregation was observed in transgenic lines 2 and 3 while it was not observed in transgenic line 1. It was concluded that introduction of chitinase gene in susceptible cultivar of tomato not only enhanced the resistance but was stably inherited in transgenic lines 2 and 3.

• 자연과학논문집
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.99-103
• /
• 1999

본 연구는 토마토의 단위결과성을 평가하여 육종의 기초자료로 활용하고자 토마토 12계통과 17근연종을 공시하여 수행한 결과, 제웅후 50%이상, 방임시 90%이상 착과한 CLN431-85-13-12, CLN425-130-8-1, CLN435-185-4-9등 3계통이 단위결과성 모본으로 우수하여 선발되었다.

• 한국육종학회지
• /
• 제41권1호
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2009

This study was carried out to breed and develop high quality and functional nutrient tomato with multi disease resistance as well as a stable growing adaptation for fresh market usage under protected plastic houses cultivation. The materials were used 5 inbred lines and their 6 hybrids of large tomato group, which have been bred and developed from 1999 to 2007 in Division of Plant Resource Department of Chungnam National University. Fruit weight showed hybrid vigor effect that $F_1$ hybrids weighed more than their parent lines, fruit shape formed three type of oblate, deep oblate and globe shape, in firmness and pericarp thickness have got a high significant correlation, inbred DN611 line was measured the most firm fruit with 6.04 mm pericarp thickness. In fruit color at maturity, pink color crossed to red color appeared all red fruit color in the $F_1$ hybrids, it means red skin color is a dominant gene compared to pink skin color is a recessive gene in tomato, while between fruit skin color and shoulder part color showed no any co-relationship. The sugar content and titratable acid of $F_1$ hybrids inherited an intermediate data of their parent lines, the flavor of KP543 inbred line and the hybrid (JB535 x KP543) revealed the better taste with high brix and proper titratable acid content$^{*}$. In beta carotene content DN611 line showed 2~3 times higher than other materials so that its 3 hybrids contained an increased level of beta carotene, lycopene content was not so much difference among inbred lines and $F_1$ hybrids, of them MD508 contained higher of 8.72 mg and hybrid (JB535 x JA517) had 8.05 mg lycopene content per 100 g fruit, overall pink skin color and red skin color measured a higher lycopene content than yellow and orange skin color at ripe stage. In disease resistance test by PCR marker for Fusarium race2 (I2), Nematode (Mi1), ToMV ($Tm2^2$), Cladosporium (Cf9), (JB535 x JA517) hybrid have got multi-resistance with homozygote band in Nematode, ToMV, Cladosporium and heterozygote band in Fusarium race2. Through this breeding program we could select high quality and functional nutrient with multi resistant $F_1$ hybrids and inbred lines in tomato which are two best hybrids (JB535 x MD508), (JB535 x JA517), additionally developed high beta carotene inbred line DN611 and increased the level of lycopene inbred line MD508. These results will be very useful to make a high quality tomato variety continuously.

• 원예과학기술지
• /
• 제31권2호
• /
• pp.246-254
• /
• 2013

국내에서 채집한 5종의 토마토황화잎말림바이러스(Tomato yellow leaf curl virus, TYLCV) 분리주들에 대하여 PCR법을 이용하여 염기서열을 결정하였다. 전체 유전체의 1.9배 복제수를 가지는 감염성 클론을 제작하기 위하여, PCR로 증폭된 TYLCV DNA를 식물형질전환용 벡터에 각각 도입시켰다. TYLCV 저항성 평가를 위하여 저항성 토마토 시판 품종과 육성 계통을 각각 TYLCV 분리주를 가지고 있는 Agrobacterium tumefaciens로 접종하였다. 감수성 품종인 'Super-sunroad' 품종은 접종 30일 후에 상엽에 황화, 위축 증상을 나타낸 반면, TYLCV에 대한 저항성유전자들로 알려진 Ty-1 또는 Ty-3 유전자를 포함하고 있는 TY12, GC9, GC171, GC173 등의 토마토 육성 계통은 전신 잎에 TYLCV 병징 발현이 없었으므로 이들 계통은 TYLCV 저항성으로 판별되었다. Agroinfiltration을 통한 접종 30일에 감수성 품종과 저항성 품종 간에 TYLCV 병징 차이가 뚜렷하였다. 특이적 프라이머들을 이용한 실시간 PCR법에 의해 TY12, GC9, GC171, GC173 육성 계통에서 TYLCV DNA가 검출되었지만, 저항성 계통에서 TYLCV DNA 축적 수준은 감수성 토마토 품종에서의 TYLCV DNA 축적 수준보다 매우 낮았다. 유사한 병징 세기 및 TYLCV DNA 축적 수준이 담배가루이를 통하여 감수성과 저항성 토마토 품종 및 육성 계통에 TYLCV를 감염시켰을 때에도 관찰되었다. Agroinfiltration 시 아그로박테리움의 농도는 토마토 품종의 TYLCV 저항성 반응에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 따라서 본 연구결과들은 agroinfiltration을 통한 TYLCV 접종이 담배가루이를 통한 TYLCV 감염처럼 효과적이며 TYLCV 저항성 토마토 육성 프로그램에 활용 가능하다는 것으로 보여주었다.

• 원예과학기술지
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.56-63
• /
• 2012

Tomato hypocotyl can generally be one of two colors, purple or green. Genetically, this trait is controlled by a single dominant gene. Hypocotyl tissue specific color expression is one of many visible genetic marker sources used to select tomato progeny. However, the visible marker does not show a clear distinction between homozygous genotype and heterozygous genotype from the breeding lines. Therefore, to identify a hypocotyl pigmentation related marker, we screened DNA polymorphisms in thirteen tomato lines showing purple or green hypocotyls. The markers used for screening consisted of primer set information obtained from anthocyanin related genes, conserved ortholog set II (COS II) marker sets localized near anthocyanin related genes, and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers localized near COS II markers, which produce polymorphisms between purple and green tomatoes. One primer from a RFLP fragment resulted in a polymorphism on agarose gel electrophoresis. From the RFLP fragment, a cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) marker was developed to distinguish between purple and green hypocotyls. The genotypes of 135 $F_2$ individuals were analyzed using the CAPS marker, and among them, 132 individuals corresponded to the phenotypes of hypocotyl pigmentation.