• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.229-233
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• 2007

This study was conducted to investigate the quality characteristics of cookies added with different levels of tomato powder. Cookies were prepared with five different levels of tomato powder (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10.0%) and the physicochemical properties were examined. The pH of cookie dough decreased significantly by the addition of tomato powder (p<0.05). Crude protein and ash content of the cookies containing 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0% tomato powder were significantly higher than those of control and those with 2.5% (p<0.05). The spread factor of control cookie was lower than that of cookies containing 5.0, 7.5, and 10.0% tomato powder. The incorporation of tomato powder in cookies lowered the lightness values but increased redness and yellowness values. Rheology testing showed that cookies with 5.0, 7.5, and 10.0% tomato powder had significantly lower hardness value than control. Sensory evaluation revealed that overall desirability scores were not significantly different between control and tomato powder added groups. Therefore, cookies with up to 10.0% added tomato powder would be as acceptable as control cookies without depressing cookie quality.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.375-381
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to determine the most desirable mixture ratio of tomato powder to rice flour for the preparation of tomato Sulgidduk(Sulgidduk containing tomato powder). The moisture contents of samples ranged from 38% to 42%. The L-value decreased, while a- and b-values increased, with increasing amounts of added tomato powder. Also, the pH of samples decreased with increasing amounts of tomato powder. In the mechanical evaluation of physical properties, hardness, adhesiveness, cohesiveness and springiness decreased with increasing tomato powder content. And throughout the storage period, gumminess and chewiness decreased. Based on sensory evaluations, the tomato power intensified the color, flavor, sweetness and sourness of the Sulgidduk. The sample containing 6% tomato powder had the highest softness, moistness, chewiness and the overall-acceptability scores. Consequently, the addition of 6% tomato powder to the rice flour was determined to be the best formula for tomato Sulgidduk in terms of the sensory qualities such as softness, moistness, chewiness and overall-acceptability.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.233-240
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• 2015

We investigated the physicochemical and antioxidant activity characteristics of tomato porridge with different ratios (0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8%) of tomato powder in order to determine its potential health benefits. Tomato porridge samples were measured to obtain 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. The DPPH radical scavenging activity increased with the addition of tomato powder. The moisture contents of samples ranged from 81% to 78%. The L-value decreased, while a- and b-values increased, as the amount of tomato powder in the porridge increased. Also, the pH of samples decreased with increasing quantity of tomato powder. Based on sensory evaluations, the tomato powder intensified color, flavor, taste, appearance, viscosity and overall acceptability of the porridge. The sample that comprised 6% tomato powder had the highest color, flavor, taste, appearance and overall acceptability scores. Consequently, this research found that incorporating this percentage of tomato powder into the rice flour was the best formula for tomato porridge.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.412-418
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• 2008

In this study, Sulgidduk samples were prepared with substitutions of 1, 2, 3, and 4% tomato powder, along with a control, and were then analyzed for quality characteristics such as moisture content, water activity, color, textural characteristics, and sensory qualities, in order to determine the optimal ratio of tomato powder in the formulation. According to the results, moisture content and water activity were not significantly different among the Sulgidduk samples. In terms of color, as the level of tomato powder content increased, lightness decreased, while the a-value (+redness/-greenness), and yellowness increased. For the textural characteristics, the samples showed significant differences for hardness, adhesiveness, and gumminess, while fracturability was not significantly different. In addition, the samples containing tomato powder presented significantly higher springiness, cohesiveness(except the 1% substitution level), chewiness, and resilience than the control group. In the sensory evaluation, the control group had significantly higher scores for color and flavor as compared to the tomato powder samples. Furthermore, flavor and overall acceptability decreased, while tomato flavor, sourness, and off-flavor increased with increasing tomato powder content. Sweetness and after-taste were not significantly different among the samples. In conclusion, the results indicate that substituting 2${\sim}$3% tomato powder in Sulgidduk is optimal for quality, and provides a product with reasonably high overall acceptability.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제43권7호
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• pp.1042-1047
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• 2014

양갱 재료의 주재료인 팥을 토마토 분말로 대체하고 설탕을 저칼로리 감미료인 올리고당으로 대체하여 양갱을 제조한 후 품질특성을 평가하였다. 토마토 양갱의 수분함량은 45.89~33.64%의 함량을 나타내었으며, 대조군에서 가장높은 함량을 나타내었다. pH는 3.96~6.24로 토마토 분말첨가에 의해 pH가 유의적으로 감소하였다. 색도 측정 결과, L 값은 토마토 분말 20% 첨가군에서 가장 높았으며 a 값은 20% 첨가군을 제외하고 토마토 분말 첨가량이 증가할수록 유의적으로 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. b 값은 10% 첨가군까지 유의적으로 증가하는 경향을 보이다가 20% 첨가군에서 다시 감소하였다. 물성 측정 결과, 토마토 분말의 첨가가 양갱의 경도, 응집성, 점착성, 씹힘성을 유의적으로 감소시키는 것으로 확인되었다. 당도 측정 결과, 대조군의 당도가 5.16으로 가장 높았고 토마토 양갱은 4.46~4.92의 당도를 나타내어 토마토 분말의 첨가가 양갱의 당도를 유의적으로 감소시켰다. DPPH 라디칼 소거능을 측정을 통한 항산화 활성 측정 결과 토마토 분말 첨가에 의해 항산화 활성이 유의적으로 증가하였으나 15% 및 20% 첨가구에서는 유의적 차이를 보이지 않았다. 관능평가 결과, 질감을 제외한 색, 향, 단맛, 신맛, 전반적인 기호도 평가에서 토마토 분말 5% 및 10% 첨가군에서 높은 기호도를 나타내었다. 따라서 관능적 기호도 및 항산화 활성 등의 효과 면에서 토마토 분말 10% 첨가가 바람직할 것으로 사료되나 산업화를 위해서는 기호도 향상을 위한 좀 더 다양한 연구를 더 진행해야 할 것이다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.390-393
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• 2011

The effects of differing baking ingredient formulations on physicochemical qualities and consumer preferences were investigated using sponge cakes incorporated with tomato powder, a healthy and beneficial food ingredient, as a model system. Tomato powder was incorporated into cake batter at four different amounts (0%, 10%, 20%, and 30%, w/w) by replacing equivalent amount of wheat flour. After appropriate mixing, sponge cakes were baked and cake quality attributes were evaluated after cooling. Specific volume decreased with an increase in the tomato powder substitution, although not significantly (p>0.05). On the other hand, baking loss increased from 10.3 (control) to 13.4 (30% sample) as the tomato powder level increased in the formulation. Lightness ($L^*$) decreased significantly from 79.5 to 74.1 whereas the firmness significantly increased with the higher incorporation of tomato powder (p<0.05). The consumer preferences on color, taste, and flavor, but not softness, were significantly affected by the amount of tomato powder incorporated in the sample (p<0.05). With respect to overall acceptability, the 20% sample received the highest mean score of 5.1, although this was not significantly different from the 10% sample or control (p>0.05). The incorporation of tomato powder, up to 20%, in the formulation of sponge cakes did not significantly influence the consumers' acceptability in all attributes tested.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.366-371
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• 2016

영양성분이 우수하고 다양한 생리활성이 입증된 토마토의 이용가치를 높이고자 토마토 분말의 첨가량을 달리한 토마토 머랭 쿠키를 제조(0, 5, 10, 15%)하여 품질 특성을 평가하였다. 머랭 쿠키 반죽의 pH는 토마토 분말 첨가량이 증가할수록 유의적으로 감소하였으며, 퍼짐성, 손실률, 팽창률을 측정한 결과에서도 토마토 분말 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 유의적으로 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 색도의 L값(명도)은 토마토 분말을 첨가할수록 유의적으로 감소하였으며, a값(적색도)과 b값(황색도)은 토마토 분말을 첨가할수록 유의적으로 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 머랭 쿠키의 경도는 토마토 분말 첨가량이 증가할수록 유의적으로 감소하는 경향을 나타내었고, DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성은 토마토 분말 첨가량이 증가할수록 유의적으로 증가하였으며 대조구에 비해 첨가구가 높은 항산화 활성을 나타내었다. 총페놀 함량은 대조구가 1.76 mg GAE/100 g으로 가장 낮았고 첨가구가 3.45~5.86 mg GAE/100 g으로 토마토 분말 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 유의적으로 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 기호도 평가 결과 5% 첨가군이 색, 향, 맛, 전반적인 기호도에서 높은 평가를 받아 토마토 분말을 함유한 머랭 쿠키 제조 시 5% 첨가군이 개발 가능성이 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.129-142
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• 2015

토마토의 식품가공재료로서의 활용도를 높이기 위해 토마토 분말을 첨가한 국수를 제조하고, 품질특성을 측정하였다. 토마토 분말 첨가(밀가루 양 대비 0.5-2%) 국수의 수분함량은 토마토 분말 1.5%, 2% 첨가구가 낮게 측정되었으며, 조단백질 함량과 조지방함량은 토마토 분말 첨가비율이 증가할수록 감소하였고, 탄수화물 함량은 증가하였다. 삶은 후의 국수 중량과 부피는 토마토 분말 첨가비율이 증가할수록 감소하였으며, 국수 삶은 물의 pH는 토마토 분말 첨가비율이 증가할수록 낮아지고, 탁도는 높아졌다. 토마토 분말 첨가비율이 증가할수록 색도의 L값은 낮아지고, a값은 토마토 분말 무첨가구(control)가 토마토 분말 첨가구에 비해 (-)녹색의 경향이 가장 강했고, b값은 토마토 분말 첨가비율이 증가할수록 높아졌다. 기계적 조직감은 모든 항목에서 토마토 분말첨가비율이 증가할수록 유의적으로 높아졌고, DPPH 라디컬 소거능과 총 폴리페놀 함량도 높아졌다. 관능 기호도는 색과 씹힘성, 전반적인 기호도에서 토마토 분말 첨가구가 무첨가구에 비해 유의적으로 높은 기호도를 나타내었으며 그 중에서도 색과 씹힘성에 대한 기호도는 토마토 분말 1.5%, 2% 첨가구가 가장 높은 기호도를 나타내었고, 전반적인 기호도에서는 토마토 분말 1.5% 첨가구가 가장 높은 기호도를 나타내었다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.211-221
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the physical and sensory properties of seasoned powders utilizing tomato. Methods: Tests of salted tomato powder were performed for the physiochemical properties (moisture content, pH value, titratable acidity, color value, salinity content, and solubility content), sensory characteristics and sensory preference. Results: Moisture content of salted tomato powder containing fully ripened tomato (RT) was higher than that of salted tomato powder containing cherry tomato (CT), with the exception of CT 10%. The pH values of RT was relatively high and increased salt addition increased the pH as well. The titratable acidity was opposite the result of pH measurement. The color values of RT was higher than that of CT for the L, a, and b values. The salt content of RT was higher than that of CT. RT 10% showed the highest dissolution followed by CT 10%. In addition, the sensory preference for CT 10% was the highest, with the best scores for appearance and taste. Conclusion: It was concluded that 10% salt addition is the most suitable sensually for the manufacture of salted tomato powder.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.195-206
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to determined the optimal mixing condition of two different amounts of tomato powder (A), and starch (B) for the preparation of sausage prepared with tomato powder was determined. The content of lycopene was 3 mg/g. The experiment was designed according to the central composite design of response surface, which showed 10 experimental points including 2 replicates for tomato powder and starch. The physiochemical, mechanical, antioxidant activity and sensory characteristics of samples were measured. The results of the physiochemical, mechanical and antioxidant activity analysis of each sample, including pH, moisture content, color L, color a, color b, hardness, chewiness and cohesiveness, total phenolic content and DPPH free radical scavenging activity showed significant differences. The sensory measurements were significantly different in color, flavor, chewiness, overall quality. The optimum formulation, which was calculated using the numerical and graphical method, was determined to be 4.26 g tomato powder and 7.51 g starch.