• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.293-299
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• 2016

Recently, as IoT (Internet of Things) becomes more important, low cost implementation of sensor nodes also becomes critical issues for two well-known standards, IEEE 802.15.4 and IEEE 802.15.6 which stands for WPAN (Wireless Personal Area Network) and WBAN (Wireless Body Area Network), respectively. This paper presents the area-optimized AES-CCM (Advanced Encryption Standard - Counter with CBC-MAC) hardware security engine which can support both IEEE 802.15.4 and IEEE 802.15.6 standards. First, for the low cost design, we propose the 8-bit AES encryption core with the S-box that consists of fully combinational logic based on composite field arithmetic. We also exploit the toggle method to reduce the complexity of design further by reusing the AES core for performing two operation mode of AES-CCM. The implementation results show that the total gate count of proposed AES-CCM security engine can be reduced by up to 42.5% compared to the conventional design.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.446-455
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• 2010

The research presented covers the design and control method of unmanned ground vehicle (UGV). An electric vehicle is used and is driven by DC motor. The power system on the UGV has been adjusted and actuators have been installed for steering and brake automation. A toggle switch is implemented to easily switch between manual and autonomous states. The UGV state is monitored by a velocity sensor, as well as steering and brake position sensors. An emergency stop device was designed and installed to quickly and safely stop the UGV. Different control methods, including the PID controller, were studied for improved steering responsiveness, and results were confirmed through experimentation. Satisfactory performance was achieved and several possible areas of future research have arisen.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지진공학회 2006년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.453-460
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• 2006

Stay cables, such as used in cable-stayed bridges, are prone to vibration due to their low inherent damping characteristics. Recently some studies have shown that active and semiactive control system using MR damper can potentially achieve both higher performance levels than passive control system and adaptability with few of the detractions. However, a control system including a power supply, controller, and sensors is required to maximize the performance of the MR damper and this complicated control system is not effective to most of large civil structures. This paper proposes a smart complex damping system which consists of toggle system and MR dampers by introducing electromagnetic induction(EMI) system as an external power source to MR damper. The performance of the proposed damping device has been compared with that of the passive-type control systems employing a MR damper, a linear viscous damper, and EMI system.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.131-141
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• 2021

Simulation is a widely used functional verification method for FBD programs of PLC-based digital I&C system in nuclear power plants. It is difficult, however, to estimate the thoroughness (i.e., effectiveness or quality) of a simulation in the absence of any clear measure for the estimation. This paper proposes two sets of structural coverage adequacy criteria for the FBD simulation, toggle coverage and modified condition/decision coverage, which can estimate the thoroughness of simulation scenarios for FBD programs, as recommended by international standards for functional safety. We developed two supporting tools to generate numerous simulation scenarios and to measure automatically the coverages of the scenarios. The results of our experiment on five FBD programs demonstrated that the measures and tools can help software engineers estimate the thoroughness and improve the simulation scenarios quantitatively.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.51-74
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• 2015

The purpose of this exploratory research is to study Cashin's fashion philosophy and to draw her design characteristics through analysis of her work. As a result of this research, 76 garment pieces were selected from the 180 Bonnie Cashin collections at the University of Cincinnati to document and evaluate. The final selection includes: sixteen jackets, fifteen skirts, five pants, five tops, seven dresses, twenty five coats, and three capes. Bonnie Cashin specialized in practical and functional; yet innovative designs such as leather trimmed tweed Jackets/coats, canvas raincoats, suede leather coats, and ponchos. Her trademark elements include toggle closures, oversized pockets, her Noh coats, tweed suits, canvas raincoats, fringed suede dresses, funnel neck pullovers, jersey dresses, and ponchos. She emphasized function and comfort and she believed that a good design must also be practical. The examination of these 76 pieces from the University of Cincinnati's private Bonnie Cashin Collection brings to light Bonnie Cashin's creative design and what she represented in the development of American fashion design in the $20^{th}$ century.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.339-353
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• 2004

Purposes of this study were to analyzed coat types and characteristics of coat of young persons, and search whether fashion trend is reflected on coat. Data collected pictures that they are wearing dress in street of Daejeon city 3 places that there are much the rising generations at November, 1999. This study target was from teens latter half to 20 opening part, 154 women. Data analyzed content analysis, frequency analysis, crossing and the result is as following. First, classification standard of coat was textile fabric, form of detail and ornament. Second, coat could classify in three types, type 1 was traditional duffle coat style that is distinguished by form of detail and ornament(hood and button). Type 2 was classified property of textile fabric that used leather, padding, fur etc., and type 3 was classified by collar detail of woolen fabric coat. Specially, ornamental fur of woolen coat perceived visually strong. And design detail of coat showed significant difference in coat type. That is, duffle coat type was designed patch pocket and toggle, woolen fabric coat type was hidden button and seam pocket. Third, fashion tendency of coat was proved that is reflecting part of predicted fashion trend.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.321-327
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• 2018

애플리케이션은 스마트 폰의 발전과 함께 지속적으로 발전되어 왔으며 그와 더불어 탐색구조도 변화하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 크로스 플랫폼의 다양한 사례 분석을 통해 탐색 패턴을 발굴하고 정리하여 그에 따른 올바른 사용 방법을 제시하고자 하였다. 그 결과 크로스 플랫폼을 위한 탐색구조는 지속형 내비게이션, 일시적 내비게이션 그리고 보조적 내비게이션으로 구분할 수 있다. 지속형 내비게이션은 스프링보드, 리스트, 갤러리, 탑 메뉴 등을 사용하여 계층적 구조에서 유효하게 사용이 가능하다. 일시적 내비게이션은 드로워, 토글 메뉴 그리고 파이 메뉴를 활용할 수 있으며 보조 내비게이션은 아코디언 메뉴나 스크롤링 등을 이용하여 크로스 플랫폼에서 동일한 경험을 제공하는 것이 가능하다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.16-26
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• 2016

This proposed project is about a bicycle anti theft devised system which helps people protect the bicycle from theft and helps to track the stolen bicycle's location using a smart phone. Safety bike uses two main devices to keep the bicycle secured, the vibration sensor and GPS sensor. The purpose of this project is to put all these small devices into one well connected system which will help the bicycle owner have more control over the security of his own bicycle. The whole system can be divided into two main parts. The first part is about the hardware development whereby all electronics components are connected via the circuit design using wire wrapping technique. This hardware part includes, a vibrations sensor, a GPS receiver, a toggle switch, LED light, Bluetooth and a buzzer. Wireless Bluetooth signals are used as the means of communication between the smartphone and the microcontroller. The second part is the software part which is being to program and control the whole system. The program is written using MikroBasic, a full-featured Basic compiler for microcontroller based systems. In conclusion, this system is designed to enable user to have control in securing his/her bicycle also being able to find and locate it at any time using GPS receiver and mobile android application.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2007

Double injection molding process is very efficient molding-method for molding the products which is consist of multi-materials. Fuel-tube holder which is necessary for automobil power train and circulation systems is composed of plastic and rubber materials to minimize the vibration and pulsation noises. In existing process, fuel-tube holder was made by the insert molding process or assembly process after molding. If fuel-tube holder is manufactured by double injection molding process, it may be realize to improve the product quality, efficiency of molding-process and retrenchment of manufacturing cost. In this study, for manufacturing fuel-tube holder by double injection molding process, the analysis of joining characteristics between PA6(polyamide 6) and TPE(thermoplastic elastomer) was executed and the double injectin mold for molding fuel-tube holder with core toggle mechanism was fabricated. Finally, fuel-tube holder was molding using fabricated double injection mold.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제46권7호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2009

본 논문은 DRAM에서 DBI (Data Bus Inversion)를 이용한 새로운 방식의 High Speed 아키텍쳐를 설명하고자한다. DBI는 SSO와 LSI와 같은 잘 알려진 문제를 감소시키기 위한 방식중의 하나이다. 본 논문에서는 Analog Majority Voter(AMV), DBI Flag에 의한 GIO 제어회로, 새로운 SSO Algorithm과 같은 많은 아키텍쳐들이 Data Bus의 천이(Toggle) 개수를 줄이기 위해서 제안되었다. DBI Flag에 의해 GIO데이터 반전 여부를 결정되기 때문에 파워 소모가 감소될 수 있고, 데이터 Eye diagram도 40ps이상 증가될 수 있게 되었다. 제안된 DBI Scheme을 이용하였을 때 High speed 동작에서 거의 안정한 SI특성을 얻을 수 있게 됐다. 90nm CMOS Technology를 이용하여 제조되었다.