• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.147-157
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• 2023

Purpose : Stroke patients exhibit considerable variations in gait patterns. Stroke patients generally show abnormal muscle tone and gait. This study was performed to evaluate the effects of treadmill gait training combined with muscle tone control technique (TM) on gait ability in patient with chronic stroke. Methods : A single-blind, randomized controlled trial was conducted with 36 patient with chronic stroke. They were randomly allocated 2 groups; treadmill gait training combined with muscle tone control technique group (TM group; n=18) and conservative treatment group (CG group; n=18). The TM group received 15 minutes muscle tone control technique and 15 minute treadmill gait training. In the conservative treatment group received 30 minutes conservative physical therapy. Each group performed 30 minutes a day 3 times a week for 8 weeks. The primary outcome gait ability were measured by gait measurement system (Optogait, Microgate, Italy) and 10 m walking test (10MWT). An independent t-test was used to statistically analyze the pre-test and pos-ttest gait ability results. Results : Both groups demonstrated significant improvement of outcome in gait ability during intervention period. TM group showed significant differences in gait ability as compared to the CG groups (p<.05). TM group showed significant differences in 10MWT as compared to the CG groups (p<.05). Our results showed that TM was more effective on gait ability in patients with chronic stroke. Conclusion : Our findings of this study confirmed that the treadmill gait training combined with muscle tone control technique provided significant improvements on gait ability in patient with chronic stroke. Therefore treadmill gait training combined with muscle tone control technique may positive influenced gait ability. This study will be able to be used as an intervention data for recovering gait ability in patients with chronic stroke.

• Proceedings of the Korean Ceranic Society Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.225.1-225
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• 2003

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.699-702
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• 2011

Purpose: Venous stasis ulcer is the most severe form of chronic venous insufficiency and this commonly appears in the lower limb. Pharmacological therapy, reconstruction of the venous system, surgical management, cellular therapy and compression therapy are known as the treatments of venous stasis ulcer, but relapses are common, which make it a typical chronic wound. We report here on a case of recurrent venous stasis ulcer that healed with compression therapy without any other treatment. Methods: A 35-year-old man with a 13 years history of venous stasis had developed an ulcer on the distal third portion of the lower left limb which was developed 12-year before enrollment in this study. He had been treated with vacuum assist closure, 2 times of cell therapy and 3 times of skin graft for 8 years, but the lesion recurred. From November, 2008 compression therapy was done with the 3M $Coban^{TM}$ 2 Layer Compression System (3M, St. Paul, USA). The ulcer at that time was oval shaped and $3{\times}4$ cm in size. A comfort layer bandage was applied from the proximal phalanx of the great toe to the knee. A compression layer bandage was applied on the previous layer with it being overlapped one half the width of the comfort layer bandage. The dressing was changed every 4 days and the change was recorded with photography. Results: A total of 12 $Coban^{TM}$ 2 Layer Compression Systems were used. The size of the ulcer decreased to $2.5{\times}2.5$ cm in one month, to $2{\times}2$ cm in 2 months, it was $1{\times}1.8$ cm in size at 3 months and it completely healed in 4 months. Conclusion: The venous stasis ulcer was completely healed using the 3M $Coban^{TM}$ 2 Layer Compression System. This method was easy to apply, made the patient comfortable and it provided an excellent compression effect. As in the previous studies, this compression therapy has been proven to play an important role for the treatment and prevention of venous stasis ulcer.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.08a
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• pp.1091-1094
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• 2004

High-luminous efficiency full-color emissions in photoluminescence (PL) were obtained in $GdVO_4$ phosphor thin films co-doped with various amounts of Eu, Er and/or Tm and postannealed at approximately 1000$^{\circ}C$. The $GdVO_4$:Eu,Er,Tm phosphor thin films were deposited on thick $BaTiO_3$ ceramic sheets by r.f. magnetron sputtering using powder targets and postannealed in an air atmosphere. The rare earth (RE) content (RE/(Gd+V+RE) atomic ratio) in the oxide phosphor thin films was varied in the range from 0.1 to 2 at.%. It was found that the excitation of $GdVO_4$:Eu.Er,Tm thin films is attributed to band-to-band transition. A white PL emission was obtained in a $GdVO_4$:Eu,Er,Tm thin film with Eu, Er and Tm contents of 0.2, 0.7 and 1 at.%, respectively: CIE chromaticity color coordinates. (X=0.352 and Y=0.351). In addition, a white emission was obtained in a thin-film electroluminescent (TFEL) device made with this thin film.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.229-232
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• 2009

DNA isolation for PCR-based short tandem repeat (STR) analysis is essential to recover high yields of amplifiable DNA from low copy number (LCN) DNA samples. There are different methods developed for DNA extraction from the small bloodstain and gloves, commonly found at crime scenes. In order to obtain STR profiles from LCN DNA samples, DNA extraction protocols, namely the automated $iPrep^{TM}$ $ChargeSwitch^{(R)}$ method, the automated $QIAcube^{TM}$ method, the automated $Maxwell^{(R)}$ 16 DNA $IQ^{TM}$ Resin method, and the manual $QIAamp^{(R)}$ DNA Micro Kit method, were evaluated. Extracted DNA was quantified by the $Quantifiler^{TM}$ Human DNA Quantification Kit and DNA profiled by $AmpFISTR^{(R)}$ $Identifiler^{(R)}$ Kit. Results were compared based on the amount of DNA obtained and the completeness of the STR profiles produced. The automated $iPrep^{TM}$ $ChargeSwitch^{(R)}$ and $QIAcube^{TM}$ methoas produced reproducible DNA of sufficient quantity and quality trom the dried blood spot. This two automated methods showed a quantity and quality comparable to those of the forensic manual standard protocols normally used in our laboratory. In our hands, the automated DNA extraction method is another obvious choice when the forensic case sample available is bloodstain. The findings of this study indicate that the manual simple modified $QIAamp^{(R)}$ DNA Micro Kit method is best method to recover high yields of amplifiable DNA from the numerous potential sources of LCN DNA samples.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.404-409
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• 2015

The objective of this study was to compare the biocompatibility for local irritation and bioavailability of $Gentacol^{TM}$ and $Collatamp^{TM}$, after single intramuscular loading in rats. Sixty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups; (1) any test materials were not applied into the quadriceps muscles (control group, N = 6), (2) Gentamicin was injected into the quadriceps muscles (Gentamicin group, N = 6), (3) Collatamp was applied into the quadriceps muscles (Collatamp group, N = 27), and (4) Gentacol was applied into the quadriceps muscles (Gentacol group, N = 27). The concentration of gentamicin in muscles was gradually decreased with time after loaded in the both $Gentacol^{TM}$ and $Collatamp^{TM}$ loaded regions. No detectable gentamicin was observed in the plasma of $Gentacol^{TM}$ and $Collatamp^{TM}$ loaded rats. Histologically, moderate to severe inflammatory cell infiltrations including PMN, lymphoid cells and macrophages were observed with slight to moderate edematous changes of muscle fibers after intramuscular injection of gentamicin. However, these histopathological changes of gentamicin injection induced local irritations were dramatically decreases after intramuscular loading of $Collatamp^{TM}$ and $Gentacol^{TM}$. These results suggest $Gentacol^{TM}$ may show favorable local bioavailability and induce only slight local irritations as comparable as $Collatamp^{TM}$ without systemic exposures in the condition of this experiment.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.215-221
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• 2003

A bioequivalence study of $Ambrect^{TM}$ tablets (Dong Wha Pharm. Ind. Co., Ltd.) to $Mucopect^{TM}$ tablets (Boehringer Ingelheim Korea, Ltd.) was conducted according to the guideline of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). Twenty four healthy male Korea volunteers received each medicine at the ambroxol hydrochloride dose of 30 mg in a $2{\times}2$ crossover study. There was a one-week wash out period between the doses. Plasma concentrations of ambroxol were monitored by a high-performance liquid chromatography for over a period of 24 hours after the administration. $AUC_t$ (the area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to 24 hr) was calulated by the linear trapezoidal rule method. $C_{max}$ (maximum plasma drug concentration) and $T_{max}\;(time\;to\;reach\;C_{max})$ were compiled from the plasma concentration-time data. Analysis of variance was carried out using logarithmically transformed $AUC_t\;and\;C_{max}$. No significant sequence effect was found for all of the bioavailability parameters indicating that the crossover design was properly performed. The 90% confidence intervals of the $AUC_t$ ratio and the $C_{max}$ ratio for $Ambrect^{TM}/Mucopect^{TM}$ were 0.89-1.01 and 0.89-1.02, respectively. These values were within the acceptable bioequivalence intervals of 0.80-1.25. Thus, our study demonstrated the bioequivalence of $Ambrect^{TM}\;and\;Mucopect^{TM}$ with respect to the rate and extent of absorption.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.193-199
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• 2006

A bioequivalence study of $Sudo^{TM}$ Ranitidine HCI tablet (Sudo Pharma. Ind. Co., Ltd.) to $Curan^{TM}$ tablet (Il Dong Pharma. Ind. Co., Ltd.) was conducted according to the guidelines of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). Twenty four healthy male Korean volunteers received each medicine at the ranitidine hydrochloride dose of 150 mg in a 2x2 crossover study. There was a one week wash-out period between the doses. Plasma concentrations of ranitidine were monitored by a high-turbulent liquid chromatography (HTLC) for over a period of 12 hours after drug administration. $AUC_t$ (the area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to 12 hr) was calculated by the linear trapezoidal rule method. $C_{max}$ (maximum plasma drug concentration) and $T_{max}$ (time to reach $C_{max}$) were compiled from the plasma concentration-time data. Analysis of variance was carried out using logarithmically transformed $AUC_t$ and $C_{max}$. No significant sequence effect was found far all of the bioavailability parameters indicating that the crossover design was properly performed. The 90% confidence intervals of the $AUC_t$ ratio and the $C_{max}$ ratio for $Sudo^{TM}$ Ranitidine $HCl/Curan^{TM}$ were 0.92-1.00 and 0.90-1.03, respectively. These values were within the acceptable bioequivalence intervals of 0.80-1.25. Thus, our study demonstrated the bioequivalence of $Sudo^{TM}$ Ranitidine HCI and $Curan^{TM}$ with respect to the rate and extent of absorption.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.5-27
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• 2007

While $LibQUAL+^{TM}$ is in the headlines of many articles focusing on library service evaluations, little research has been conducted to study the relationship between the $LibQUAL+^{TM}$ factors and the adoption of library services. It remains unclear whether the factors of $LibQUAL+^{TM}$ have any effect on its adoption. A framework was adapted from Icek Ajzen's theory of planned behavior and proposed to extract factors affecting the adoption of library services. The factors were examined via data collection from a Web-based questionnaire survey with college students in the United States. Factor analyses and multiple regression analysis were conducted. Findings show that the intention to use library services is explained by attitude toward library service quality. The attitudinal factors that are significant are (1) perceived personal control, (2) perceived affect of service, and (3) perceived comprehensiveness of information. The relative importance among the factors is also represented by the numbered sequence. However, perceived timeliness of information access and the perception of library as place do not have a significant effect on the intention. This study extends the research on library service evaluation, and provides a new evaluation framework by applying adoption behaviors.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.522-530
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of new streptococcus detection system which used monoclonal antibody against Streptococcus mutans. 92 children aged between 2 and 8 were involved in this experiment and their saliva samples were collected for testing. Streptococcus mutans were measured by both monoclonal antibody-based detecting system (Saliva-$check^{TM}$ Mutans) and dip slide detecting system($Dentocult^{TM}$-SM). The results showed that Saliva-$check^{TM}$ Mutans levels had a significant correlation with dfs rate of subjects and the two test kits, Saliva-$check^{TM}$ Mutans and $Dentocult^{TM}$-SM were shown to have a good correlation although they were based on different mechanism.