• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.33 no.4 s.99
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• pp.307-317
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• 2003

Conventional osseointegrated titanium implants have many limitations; large size, limited location for placement of the implant, severity of the surgery, discomfort of initial healing, difficulty of oral hygiene and uncontrollable force direction. Recently titanium miniscrew and miniplate have been used for an alternative to conventional dental implant. But in relation to miniplate, miniscrew has disadvantages in that more potential inflammation, light orthodontic force application and limited orthodontic application. This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of miniplate by observing the reactions of peri-implant tissues to early orthodontic and orthopedic loading of titanium miniplate. In four adult beagle dogs 10 miniplates were inserted into the alveolar bone using 20 osseointegrated titanium screws. 4 miniplates were placed in two dogs(dogA, B) and 6 miniplates in two dogs(dogC, D). In dogA, B miniplates were loaded with 200gm of force immediately after placement for 15 weeks. In dogc, D, miniplates were loaded with 400gm of force immediately after placement for 8 weeks. Miniplates of dogA were removed, dogA was healed for 4 weeks, and the area which was removed of miniscrew was examined. Following an observation period, the miniplates including miniscrews and the surrounding bone of dogB and dogC, D were removed, respectively. Undecalcified section along the long axis of miniscrews were made and the degree of osseointegration was examined under the light microscope. The results were as follows. 1. In the histologic features there was direct contact between bone and miniscrew in all groups except one, dogC control group. The loaded miniscrew demonstrated only a slight increase of the osseous proximaty when compared with unloaded miniscrew 2. There was no significant difference of the osseointegration of Peri-miniscrew surface between dogB and dogC, D. But dogB showed slightly more increased bone apposition than dogC, D 3. The gingiva overlapping the miniplate and miniscrew showed no inflammatory sign in clinical and histological aspects. 4. The impaled hard and soft tissues at the area which was removed of miniscrews showed good healing without inflammatory reaction. 5. The mobility showed slight increase in un-loaded miniplate but that was insignificant. Based on the results of this study, miniplate(C-tube) can be used as a firm osseous orthodontic and orthopedic anchorage unit immediately after insertion.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.40 no.1 s.392
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• pp.68-74
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• 2002

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.39 no.8 s.387
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• pp.684-687
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• 2001

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.42 no.2 s.417
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• pp.94-100
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• 2004

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.38 no.12 s.379
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• pp.1110-1119
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• 2000

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.144-154
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• 2012

This article reports the orthodontic treatment of a patient with skeletal mandibular retrusion and an anterior open bite due to temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA) using miniscrew anchorage. A 46-year-old woman had a Class II malocclusion with a retropositioned mandible. Her overjet and overbite were 7.0 mm and -1.6 mm, respectively. She had limited mouth opening, TMJ sounds, and pain. Condylar resorption was observed in both TMJs. Her TMJ pain was reduced by splint therapy, and then orthodontic treatment was initiated. Titanium miniscrews were placed at the posterior maxilla to intrude the molars. After 2 years and 7 months of orthodontic treatment, an acceptable occlusion was achieved without any recurrence of TMJ symptoms. The retropositioned mandible was considerably improved, and the lips showed less tension upon lip closure. The maxillary molars were intruded by 1.5 mm, and the mandible was subsequently rotated counterclockwise. Magnetic resonance imaging of both condyles after treatment showed avascular necrosis-like structures. During a 2-year retention period, an acceptable occlusion was maintained without recurrence of the open bite. In conclusion, correction of open bite and clockwise-rotated mandible through molar intrusion using titanium miniscrews is effective for the management of TMJ-OA with jaw deformity.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.29 no.6 s.77
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• pp.699-706
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• 1999

Anchorage plays an important role in orthodontic treatment. Endosseous implants may be considered adequate firm anchorage. However, clinicians have hesitated to use endosseous implants as orthodontic anchorage because of limited implantation space, high cost, and long waiting period before osseointegration occurs. Recently, some clinicians have tried to use titanium miniscrews and microscrews in treatment due to their many advantages such as ease of insertion and removal, low cost, immediate loading, and the ability to place microscrews in any area of alveolar bone. The author treated a case with skeletal cortical anchorage using titanium microscrew implants. During six months of orthodontic force application from skeletal cortical anchorage, the author could get 4 mm bodily retraction and intrusion of upper anterior teeth. The most outstanding result was a 1.5 mm posterior refraction of the upper posterior teeth. The titanium microscrew implants had remained firm and stable throughout treatment. These results indicate that skeletal cortical anchorage might be a very good option.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.34 no.5 s.106
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• pp.458-464
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• 2004

Anchorage plays an important role in orthodontic treatment especially in the maxillary arch. In spite of many efforts for anchorage control. it was difficult for clinicians to predict the result of treatment because most of the treatment necessitated an absolute compliance of patients, But recently, skeletal anchorage has been used widely because it does not necessitate patient compliance but produces absolute anchorage. In addition titanium miniscrews have several advantages such as ease of insertion and removal. possible immediate leading and use in limited implantation spaces. In this case, a skeletal Class I bialveolar protrusion Patient was treated with standard edgewise mechanics using indirect active P.S.A. (palatal skeletal anchorage). The miniscrews in the paramedian area of the hard palate provided anchorage for retraction of the upper anterior teeth and remained firm and stable throughout treatment This indicates that the PSA can be used to reinforce anchorage for orthodontic treatment in the maxillary arch Consequently, this new approach can help effective tooth movement without patient compliance, when used with various transpalatal arch systems.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.31 no.5 s.88
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• pp.517-523
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• 2001

Titanium miniscrews we being used increasingly as an anchorage for tooth movement, because they ate easy to place and to remove, increase the number of sites available, give minimum strain to patients regarding surgical procedures, and offer uneventful healing alter removal. The use of titanium miniscrews as an orthodontic anchorage has been reported in clinical case reports, but clinicians have experienced screw loosening when using such screws.' To our knowledge, there are no published reports evaluating the stability of miniscrews. Information about the length of miniscrews used in relation to the location is of some importance, as stability will vary depending on bone duality The purpose of this study was to evaluate a variety of Lengths of miniscrews (dimeter: 2mm) which were inserted in maxilla or mandible and to demonstrate in a dog model which miniscrew provides fundamental stability in the jaws. 10 mm long miniscrews in the maxilla and 8mm long: miniscrews in the mandible showed no clinical mobility and retained their position throughout an 8 weeks force (200g) application. The mucosal condition around the screws was healthy in cases in which miniserews were inserted in the alveolar bone between the roots and the head of the screws emerged into the attached gingiva. When the force application was terminated, radiographic analysis revealed neither rent resorption not periodontal pathology around the miniscrews that remained stable during the entire treatment period. This study suggests that if titanium miniscrews with adequate length are properly used depending on the location, they provide sufficient stability for orthodontic anchorage.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.268-277
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• 2020

This case report demonstrates two different uprighting mechanics separately applied to mesially tipped mandibular first and second molars. The biomechanical considerations for application of these mechanisms are also discussed. For repositioning of the first molar, which was severely tipped and deeply impacted, a novel cantilever mechanics was used. The molar tube was bonded in the buccolingual direction to facilitate insertion of a cantilever from the buccal side. By twisting the distal end of the cantilever, sufficient uprighting moment was generated. The mesial end of the cantilever was hooked over the miniscrew placed between the canine and first premolar, which could prevent exertion of an intrusive force to the anterior portion of the dentition as a side effect. For repositioning of the second molar, an uprighting mechanics using a compression force with two step bends incorporated into a nickel-titanium archwire was employed. This generated an uprighting moment as well as a distal force acting on the tipped second molar to regain the lost space for the first molar and bring it into its normal position. This epoch-making uprighting mechanics could also minimize the extrusion of the molar, thereby preventing occlusal interference by increasing interocclusal clearance between the inferiorly placed two step bends and the antagonist tooth. Consequently, the two step bends could help prevent occlusal interference. After 2 years and 11 months of active treatment, a desirable Class I occlusion was successfully achieved without permanent tooth extraction.