• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.38 no.11
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• pp.1273-1281
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• 2014

Tissue engineering is an emerging research field that has the potential to restore, regenerate and repair damaged bone tissue and organs. Tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite biomaterials-based calcium phosphate are excellent materials that have both osteoconduction and biocompatibility for bone tissue regeneration. In this study, solution structures were successfully fabricated using a fused deposition modeling system based on deposition and heating devices. The morphology characteristics of the bioceramic scaffolds sintered at a temperature of $1,300^{\circ}C$ were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The effects of various blended TCP/HA ratio on the microstructure and shrinkage were studied. The mechanical properties of the scaffolds were measured using a compression testing machine from stress-strain curves on the crosshead velocity of 1 mm/min. The fabricated scaffolds were evaluated by cell proliferation tests of MG-63 cells. The results of this study suggest that the blended TCP(75 wt%)/HA(25 wt%) scaffold is an appropriate scaffold for bone tissue regeneration.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.219-224
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• 2020

Background: Repair of the orbital floor following trauma or tumor removal remains a challenge because of its complex three-dimensional shape. The purpose of the present study is to understand normal orbital floor anatomy by investigating its differences across four groups (Caucasian American and East Asian, males and females) via facial bone computed tomography (CT). Methods: A total of 48 orbits in 24 patients between 20 and 60 years of age were evaluated. Although most patients underwent CT scanning following trauma, the orbital walls were intact in all patients. Linear and angular measurements of the orbital floor were obtained from CT images. Results: Orbital floor width, length, angle between the orbital floor and medial wall, and distance from the inferior orbital rim to the lowest point of the orbital floor did not show a statistically significant difference between groups. Angles made by the infraorbital rim, the lowest point of the floor, and the anterior border of the infraorbital fissure were statistically significantly wider in East Asian females than in male groups. The floor depth in East Asian females was significantly smaller compared to all the other groups. Conclusion: East Asian female population had smaller curvature and depth of an orbital floor than the other groups, which means racial and sex-related differences should be considered in the orbital floor reconstruction.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.87-95
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• 1997

Traumatic injury to the hand often leads to soft tissue defects with exposed tendons, bones, or joints. Though many new flap have been introduced, the choice of flap that would be best for the patient depends on such factors as the site, size, and degree of wounds. Additionally the selected surgical method should be yielded cosmetic and functional superiority by the one-staged reconstruction. In our experience, small to medium sized soft tissue defect with bone and tendon exposure of hand can be resurfaced with an arterialized venous free flap from the volar aspect of distal forearm. Wide and deep defects of the hand can be covered with a sensory cutaneous free flap such as the medial plantar free flap, dorsalis pedis free flap, and radial forearm free flap. Specialized flap such as wrap-around flap, toe-to-finger transfer, onychocutaneous free flap can be used for the recontruction of defect on the thumb and finger. Based on the above considerations and our clinical experience of 60 free flap cases of the hand, the various methods for the proper repair of soft tissue defects of the hand are described. And we obtained satisfactory functional and cosmetic results with 95% success rate of free flap.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.93-99
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• 2007

Purpose: To report the clinical results and efficacies of one stage reverse lateral supramalleolar adipofascial flap for soft tissue reconstruction of the foot and ankle joint. Material and Methods: We performed 5 cases of one stage reverse lateral supramalleolar adipofascial flap from Jan 2005 to Sept 2005. All patients were males and mean age was 50(36~59) years old. The causes of soft tissue defects were 1 diabetic foot, 2 crushing injuries of the foot, 1 open fracture of the calcaneus, and 1 chronic osteomyelitis of the medial cuneiform bone. Average size of the flap was 3.6(3~4)${\times}$4.6(4~6) cm. All flaps were harvested as adipofascial flap and were performed with the split-thickness skin grafts (STSG) above the flaps simultaneously. Results: All flap survived completely and good taking of STSG on the flap was achieved in all cases. There were no venous congestion and marginal necrosis of the flap. In diabetic foot case, wound was healed at 4 weeks after surgery due to wound infection. There was no contracture on the grafted sites. Ankle and toe motion were not restricted at last follow up. All patients did not have difficulty in wearing shoes. Conclusion: The reverse lateral supramalleolar adipofascial flap and STSG offers a valuable option for repair of exposure of the tendon and bone around the ankle and foot. Also one stage procedure with STSG can give more advantages than second stage with FTSG, such as good and fast take-up, early ambulation and physical therapy, and good functional result.

• Macromolecular Research
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.703-708
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• 2009

Silk fibroin scaffolds were examined as a biomaterial option for tissue-engineered cartilage-like tissue. In tissue engineering for cartilage repair using a scaffold, initial chondrocyte-material interactions are important for the following cell behaviors. In this study, the surface of nanofibrous silk fibroin (NSF) meshes was modified by a microwave-induced argon plasma treatment in order to improve the cytocompatibility of the meshes used as cartilaginous grafts. In addition, the effects of a plasma treatment on the cellular behavior of chondrocytes on NSF were examined. The plasma treatment resulted in an increase in the hydrophilicity of NSF meshes suggesting that the cytocompatibility of the mesh might be improved. Furthermore, the human articular chondrocytes showed higher viability on the surface-modified NSF meshes. These results suggest that the surface modification of NSF meshes by plasma can enhance the cellular behavior of chondrocytes and may be used in tissue engineering.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.156-160
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• 2002

Purpose : To evaluate the results and usefulness of meniscal repair using meniscal arrows with ACL reconstruction. Material and Methods : Among cases of the simultaneous meniscal arrow fixation and ACL recontruction performed between May, 1997 and September, 2000, 17 cases could be evaluated. The average follow-up were 18.5 months. Twelve cases were medial meniscus, 5 cases, lateral meniscus. All cases were longitudinal tear. Meniscal tear were seen at red-red zone in 13 cases, red-white zone in 5 cases. The results were analyzed by pain, joint line tenderness, locking, McMurray test, the Marshall knee scoring scale and complications. Results : Postoperatively two patients had mild joint line tenderness without pain on joint motion or weight bearing. No patient had locking or positive McMurray test. At last follow-up, 15 cases $(88\%)$ were 'excellent' or 'good' according to the Marshall knee score scale. There were two complications which are soft tissue irritation sign on active knee motion and a femoral chondral injury due to protruded T-shaped head of meniscus arrow. Conclusion : Meniscus arrow can be one of the options in repairing the associated meniscus tear, especially the posterior horn of medial meniscus, during ACL reconstruction. However, surgeons using meniscus arrow should be aware of its potential complications such as pain due to soft tissue irritation and chondral damage of the femoral condyle.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.431-437
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• 2015

Background Repair of facial laceration in the emergency department can pose a number of difficulties. Children can be uncooperative, but adults can also be if they have sustained head trauma or are intoxicated. Leukosan SkinLink consists of topical adhesive and adhesive tape that can be applied easily to long or tense wounds. In this study, the authors compared conventional suturing with Leukosan SkinLink for facial laceration patients in the emergency department. Methods The prospective study was carried out from March 2013 to September 2013 with linear facial laceration patients visiting the emergency department. Exclusion criteria were open fractures, joint injuries, skin defects, hairy skin, and mucosa. The author used Leukosan SkinLink for skin closure in the experimental group and used conventional suturing in the control group. The scar evaluation using the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) along with satisfaction scores, procedure times, and complications were compared. Results A total of 77 patients (30 in the control group and 47 in the experimental group) participated and underwent follow-up for 6 months postoperatively. The scar assessment using the POSAS and the satisfaction score in both groups were similar. The average procedure time in the experimental group was shorter. In the control group, there were four cases of wound dehiscence, two of infection, and one of skin necrosis, whereas four cases of wound dehiscence and one allergic reaction occurred in the experimental group. Conclusions With a simple application technique, Leukosan SkinLink is a new effective method for facial laceration repair especially useful for children and uncooperative adults.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.49-56
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• 2016

An oro-antral fistula(OAF) is one of the most common complications after procedures at the maxillary posterior area. The purpose of this study was to introduce the closure of OAF with repair of the Schneiderian membrane. This case report includes three patients with OAF arising after dental surgery on molar region of maxilla. Under general anesthesia, fistulectomy was achieved in all three patients and the full thickness flap around OAF was raised. After removal of inflammatory tissue, the Schneiderian membrane was repaired with suture or application of fibrin sealant. Additional closures were then performed with a buccal fat pad flap and a buccal mucoperiosteal flap. All OAF in three patients enrolled in this study were closed successively without recurrence of fistula. Treatment of oroantral fistula using repair of the Schneiderian membrane is a good alternative option for patients with OAF accompanied by chronic maxillary sinusitis.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.47-55
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• 1995

A large lateral facial defects especially a through and through defect of the cheek remains as challenging field of reconstruction for the head and neck surgeons. Closure of these wounds is technically troublesome due to the magnitude and location of the soft tissue and skin defect, functional and aesthetic consideration. optimal cancer surveillance, and desire for good nourishment. Most traditional methods dealing with these defects, including split-thickness skin graft, local and regional flaps as well as musculocutaneous flaps have their limitations. We applied four different methods for these reconstruction in four cases. We utilized temporal muscle flap, forearm free flap and secondary healing for repair of mucosal defects, and medial base cervicopectoral flap, pectoralis major myocutaneous flap and cervicofacial flap for the reconstruction of external skin defects. In one case, both sides were reconstructed with single forearm free flap. In our experiences, secondary healing could be one of the useful method for mucosal repair in the defect between upper and lower gingivobuccal sulcus. However, forearm free flap was thought to be more ideal for the cases with mandibulectomy. For the external repair, the regional skin flap was considered to be superior to pectoralis major myocutaneous flap or forearm free flap especially on color matching.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.380-390
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• 2004

Bone healing plays an important role in orthognathic and craniofacial surgery. Bone tissue repair and regeneration are regulated by an array of growth and morphogenetic factors. Bone formation and remodeling require continuous generation of osteoprogenitor cells from bone marrow stromal cells, which generate and respond to a variety of growth factors with putative roles in hematopoiesis and mesenchymal differentiation. In this study, the efficacy of a single application of hepatocyte growth factor to promote bone regeneration in 5-mm experimental calvarial defects of adult male rats was assessed histologically and immunohistochemically. The result of the experimental site were compared with those of the contralateral contral side. None of the control and experimental bone defects demonstrated complete bone closure. Bone regeneration was found close th the margine and central part of the defects. At 1, 2 weeks, there were found much significant cellural mitotic activity and many inflammatory cells and osteoblasts on the experimental site than control site. At 4, 6 weeks, new bone apposition was founded in both site but, more apposition was seen at experimental site. At 8, 12 weeks, also, some differences was found that more apposition of new bone and collagen fiber was seen on experimental site. Our results have some possibility that HGF do a early positive role to repair the bone defect. More study will be needed.