• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.344-352
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• 2000

목적: Re-188-hydroxyethylidene diphosphonate (HEDP)는 뼈전이암 통증 치료용으로 사용할 수 있는 방사성의약품이다. 우리는 HEDP 키트를 사용하여 담체($KReO_4$가 Re-188-HEDP의 표지와 생체내 분포에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 확인하였다. 대상 및 방법: 담체($KReO_4$ 0.1 mg)를 넣은 것과 넣지 않은 HEDP 키트(HEDP 15 mg, gentisic acid 4 mg, $SnCl_2.2H_2O$ 4.5 mg)에 발생기에서 용출한 Re-188 액을 넣고 끓는 수조에서 15분간 반응시켜 표지한 후 Re-188-HEDP의 표지효율과 안정성을 비교하였다. 마우스($1.85{\sim}3.7MBq/0.1ml$)와 랫트 ($74.1{\sim}85.2MBq/0.5ml$)에 Re-188-HEDP를 투여하여 생체내분포와 영상을 얻었다. 결과: 담체를 넣어 표지한 Re-188-HEDP의 표지효율은 pH 5에서 95%로 높았으며, 혈청 내에서의 안정성도 높았다(3시간에 88%). 반면에 담체를 넣지 않고 표지한 Re-188-HEDP의 표지효율은 pH 5에서 59%였으며, 안정성도 낮았다(3시간에 43%). 생체내분포 실험 결과 담체를 넣어 표지한 Re-188-HEDP는 뼈에 높은 섭취율을 보이고 위와 신장의 섭취율이 낮은 반면, 담체를 넣지 않고 표지한 Re-188-HEDP는 뼈의 섭취율이 낮고 위와 신장의 섭취율은 높게 나타났다. 랫트의 영상은 담체를 넣어 표지한 Re-188-HEDP는 담체를 넣지 않고 표지한 Re-188-HEDP보다 골격에 높은 섭취율을 보이며 다른 장기에는 섭취가 적게 나타났다. 결론: 우리는 이러한 실험결과 HEDP에 Re-188을 표지할 때 담체의 부가가 표지효율과 안정성의 향상 및 영상의 질을 향상시킴을 알 수 있었다.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.173-180
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• 2006

Objectives The aim of this study is to compare the quality of root canal preparation completed using MFile-$System^{(R)}$ instrument ( Komet, Gebr.Brsaseler, Germany) and conventional stainless steel file in the canals of Maxillary molar teeth that had a canal curvature between $25^{\circ}$ or more Materials & Methods Buccal canals of 24 first and second maxillary molar teeth, extracted for periodontal and prosthetic reasons were used. Tissue fragments and calcified debris were removed from teeth by scaling and the teeth were stored in 10% formalin solution for 24 hour. Then, teeth were stored in saline until used. To be included the roots had to have completed formed apices and angle of curvature ranging between $25^{\circ}$ or more according to the criteria described by Schneider(1971). Palatal and Second mesiobuccal canals were not included. Teeth were embedded into transparent acrylic. The teeth were randomly divided into two experimental groups. All teeth were scanned by Dental CT (PSR9000N, Asahi, Japan) to determine the root canal shape before instrumentation. Image slices were prepared from the apical end point to the pulp chamber. The first two sections were 2 mm from the apical end of root and 2 mm below the orifice. Further section was recorded, dividing the distance between the sections of apical and coronal levels into two equal lengths. 12 teeth were instrumented using stainless steel fileand another 12 teeth were instrumented using MFile-$System^{(R)}$. Following the completion of the instrumentation, the teeth were again scanned and compared with the cross sectional images taken prior to canal preparation. Amount of transportation and centering ability was assessed. Student's t-test was used for statistical analysis. Result Less transportation occurred with MFile-$System^{(R)}$ rotary instrumentation than stainless steel instrument. MFile-$System^{(R)}$ had better centering ability than stainless steel instrument. Conclusion MFile-$System^{(R)}$ rotary instrumentation transported canals less and had good centering ability.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.868-873
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• 2004

Renal dysfunction could be developed as the secondary disease of liver cirrhosis. Delayed or suppresed lipid peroxidation by the treatment with physiological active substances could be explained as the antioxidative and protective effect in tissue damage. In this study, we investigated an antioxidative effect and renal function improvement of Hovenia dulcis in liver fibrosis(cirrhosis) induced rats. The female Sprague-Dawley rats (180∼210 g) were divided into 3 groups (Normal, AC: CCl₄ mixture treated group, AC-HV: CCl₄ mixture+ Hovenia dulcis treated group) and renal damage was developed by CCl₄ mixture administration in 4 weeks (0.8 ㎖/rat). The tissue of kidney and liver and sera were used for quantitative measurement of enzyme activity, MDA and Hyp. The histological change and gene expression of collagen α1(III) mRNA and a1(IV) mRNA were observed by Masson's trichrome staining and RT-PCR. As a result, the clinical biochemical parameters of liver function (AST and ALT) in sera of AC-HV group showed significantly 46.4% and 104.8% lower (p<0.005), and the level of ALP and BUN as the parameter of protein urine and azotemia showed 17.8 % and 25.8 % lower than in AC group. In AC-HV group, the concentration of MDA in kidney and liver was decreased significantly 15.8% and 21.3% when compared with AC group (p<0.01 -0.005). The content of Hyp in kidney of AC-HV group is merely higher than in AC group, in contrast to liver tissue. The expression of collagen α1(III) mRNA and collagen α1(IV) mRNA was decreased in AC, but both of collagen mRNA in normal and AC-HV group expressed fast similar. More massive lipid droplets, thicker collagen fiber bundles in portal triads and more formation of portal central septum were observed in the liver of AC group than in AC-HV group. In conclusion, CCl₄ mixture intoxication could be developed not only liver fibrosis(cirrhosis) but also renal dysfunction by the massive lipid peroxidation and suppression of interstitial collagen and basement membrane collagen synthesis. And the water extract of Hovenia dulcis may be possessed the antioxidative and protective effect and improvement of kidney function in renal dysfunction induced rats.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제65권4호
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• pp.365-376
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• 2020

미성숙배를 이용한 조직배양은 높은 재분화율로 인하여 밀 형질전환에 적용하기 위한 가장 좋은 방법이지만 매우 한정적인 수집시기와 생육조건으로 인해 이용하기 위한 시간의 제한과 많은 노동력이 집약되어있다. 따라서 안정적이고 지속적인 미성숙배 수집을 위해 스피드 브리딩 조건을 이용하여 출수가 촉진된 밀 이삭을 이용한 미성숙배 조직배양의 효율을 검정하였고, 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 스피드 브리딩 조건의 출수기는 정상조건과 비교하여 36일에서 54일까지 단축되었으며, 개화 후 11일 된 영과에서 수집된 미성숙배 조직배양의 재분화율과 소식물체 출현 비율은 정상조건과 비교하여 유의한 차이가 없다는 것을 확인하였다. 2. 두 배양 조건에서 항산화 효소 활성 분석 결과 차이가 나타나지 않았으며, 연관 표지 유전자 발현 검정을 통하여 일장과 세포분열과의 관계를 검정하여 스피드 브리딩 조건에서 수집된 이삭의 안정성을 검정하였다. 3. 본 연구 결과는 스피드 브리딩 조건을 활용한 미성숙배 조직배양에 활용될 것이며 관련 유전자 발현 및 항산화 활성 검정 결과를 통해 검증된 안정적 미성숙배는 밀 형질전환 기술 개발에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 폴리머
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.282-287
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• 2005

조직공학적 장기재생에 있어서 필수적 요소인 생분해성 담체를 제조하기 위하여 새로운 방법인 얼음입자추출법을 사용하였다. 형광이 결합된 소 혈청 알부민(bovine serum albumin-fluoiescein isothiocyanate, FITC-BSA)과 락타이드-글리콜라이드 공중합체(PLGA)를 균일하게 혼합한 후에 제조된 얼음입자를 각각 다른 양을 첨가하여 다공성의 담체를 제조하였다. 모델 약물로 이용한 알부민의 방출 실험근 pH 7.4 인산염완충액을 사용하여 $37^{circ}C$, 100 rpm조건으로 항온조에서 28일 동안 수행하였다. 알부민의 방출은 형광 분광기를 통하여 FITC의 강도에 의해 결정되었으며 알부민의 방출 거동에 따른 담체의 형태학적 변화는 전자주사현미경을 이용하여 관찰하였다. 담체를 알부민이 용해된 용액에 단순히 함침시킨 방법에 비해 알부민을 함유하여 제조한 담체의 경우에 초기 방출량이 적고 일정한 방출거동을 보였다. 또한 알부민의 농도에 따른 실험에서 농도가 증가하여도 초기 방출량은 증가하지 않음을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 실험을 통해 PLGA를 이용하여 얼음입자 추출법으로 제조한 담체는 단백질 약물의 서방화가 훌륭하여 생체조직공학적 담체로서 응용 가능함을 확인하였다. 또한, 물 등께 의한 다공물질 추출 과정이 없기 때문에 사이토카인 등과 같은 수용성 인자들의 포접이 용이하여 조직공학적 바이오장기 재생에 유효할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한방사성의약품학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.108-112
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• 2016

Molecular imaging with the radiolabeled RGD peptides for ${\alpha}_v{\beta}_3$ integrin has been an increasing interest for tumor diagnosis and the treatment monitoring. Recently, $^{64}Cu$-NODAGA-gluco-E[c(RGDfK)]$_2$ was developed for quantification of ${\alpha}_v{\beta}_3$ integrin and its biological properties was elucidated. To better understand the molecular process in vivo, we performed the kinetic analysis for the $^{64}Cu$-NODAGA-gluco-E[c(RGDfK)]$_2$. After preparation of a radiotracer, dynamic PET images were obtained in the U87MG xenograft mice for 60 min (n = 6). Binding potential values were estimated from the 3-tissue compartment model, reference Logan and simplified reference tissue model. In the early time frame (0-20 min), the liver, kidney, intestine, urinary bladder and tumor were visualized but these uptakes were diminished as time went by. The tumors showed a good contrast at 40 min after administration. $^{64}Cu$-NODAGA-gluco-E[c(RGDfK)]$_2$ showed the 2-fold uptake in the tumor compared with that in the muscle. The parametric maps for binding values also provide the higher tumor-to-background contrast than the static images. A binding value obtained from the 3-tissue compartment model was comparable to other modeling methods. From these results, we conclude that $^{64}Cu$-NODAGA-gluco-E[c(RGDfK)]$_2$ may be a promising PET radiotracer for the evaluation of angiogenesis.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.61-78
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• 1997

PDGF-BB has been recognized as a highly potential growth factor for guided tissue regeneration in periodontal defect. This study carried out histologic and histometric evaluation of $200ng/cm^2$ PDGF-BB loaded bioresorbable membrane made from polyglycolic and polylactic acid. It was tested for its biocompatibility, ability to prevent epithelial downgrowth and amount of periodontal regeneration. Without membrane and PDGF-BB unloaded bioresorbable membrane were used as control. Healthy six beagle dogs were used. Each dog was anesthetized and buccal flaps were reflected in the mandibular and maxillary premolar areas. Buccal alveolar bone between the mesiobuccal and distobuccal line angles was surgically removed on the lower 2nd and 4th premolar in mandible, 2nd premolar in maxilla, to a level 4mm apical to the cementoenamel junction with creating a Class II buccal furcation defect for available space. Care was taken not to remove the root cementum layer and rubber impression materials were placed over each surgically created defect. Flaps were repositioned and sutured. Reconstructive surgery was performed 1 month after defect preparation. PDGF-BB loaded membranes and controls were randomly placed on maxillary 2nd premolars and mandibular 2nd and 4th premolars. Plaque control regimen was instituted with daily brushing with a 0.1% chlorhexidine digluconate during experimental periods. The animals were sacrificed 2 and 5 weeks after surgery and undecalcified specimens were prepared for histologic evaluation. The degree of coronal regrowth of new bone, new cementum and the amonut of new bone areas formed on the defected area of the PDGF-BB loaded membrnae turned superior to without membrane and drug unloaded membrane. Experimental membrane could prevent the epithelial downgrowth irrespective of drug loaded or not and showed good biocompatiblity, These results implicated that PDGF-BB loaded bioresorbable membrane could be highly useful tool for guided tissue regeneration of periodontal defects.

• 폴리머
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.378-384
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• 2011

실크 피브로인은 생체적합성과 비독성 및 비면역 특성을 갖는 생분해성 천연고분자로서, 콜라겐의 가수분해로부터 유래되는 천연물질인 젤라틴을 이용하여 실크 피브로인/젤라틴 지지체를 제조하였다. 지지체의 최적화 조건을 찾기 위하여 실크 피브로인의 양과 젤라틴 및 글루타알데히드의 농도를 다르게 하여 제조하였다. 실크 피브로인/젤라틴 지지체는 SEM과 DSC 및 수분흡수성 평가를 통해 특성분석을 하였으며 세포생존율 및 증식률은 WST 방법을 통해 평가되었다. 이 결과 실크 피브로인 0.3 g 지지체에 8% 젤라틴 및 1% 글루타알데히드를 함유한 지지체에서 세포 부착 및 증식을 위해 가장 적합한 특성을 제공한다고 제안되었다. 결과적으로, 실크 피브로인/젤라틴 지지체는 잠재적인 세포 전달체 및 조직공학을 위한 구조 기반역할을 할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.173-178
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• 2000

The purpose of this work is to develop a transurethral suppository containing prostaglandin $E_1\;(PGE_1)$, which stabilizes the drug, gives no irritation to physiological body and enhances the erectile response of $PGE_1.\;PGE_1$ transurethral suppositories were prepared with various amounts of compositions such as saturated polyglycolysed glyceride $(Suppocire^{\circledR}\;AP,\;SAP)$, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil (HCO-50) and ethanol. The melting points, viscosities and $PGE_1$ release of the suppositories were investigated. Ocular irritation test was carried out after application of $PGE_1$ suppository to rabbit's eye. The intracavernous pressure (ICP), penile length and duration of erectile response were determined after transurethral administration of $PGE_1$ suppository and compared with those after intracavernosal injection of $PGE_1$ solution to cats. HCO-50 hardly affected the melting points and viscosities of $PGE_1$ suppositories. Additionally, $PGE_1$ transurethral suppositories, whose melting point ranges was $34-35^{\circ}C$, was speedily melted in physiological body. HCO-50 significantly decreased the dissolution rates of $PGE_1$ from the suppositories. Dissolution mechanism analysis showed the release of $PGE_1$ was proportional to the square root of time, indicating that $PGE_1$ might be released from the suppositories by Fickian diffusion. The release rate of $PGE_1$ from $PGE_1$ suppository [PGE1/SAP/HCO-50/ethanol (1/94.5/2.5/2%)] was about 80% within 2 h. This $PGE_1$ suppository gave no significant irritation to the ocular tissue, expecting that it gave no irritation to the urethral tissue less sensive than ocular tissue. Furthermore, $PGE_1$ in this suppository was stable at $4^{\circ}C$ for 2 years. This suppository increased the ICP and penile erection similar to those of injectable $PGE_1$ solution. However, it gave 2.5-fold increased duration of erectile response than injectable $PGE_1$ solution. Our results suggested that it gave more effective erectile response than injectable $PGE_1$ solution in cats. It is concluded that this $PGE_1$ suppository with good safety, excellent stability and enhanced erectile response, could be a more effective and convenient transurethal delivery system of $PGE_1$.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.732-746
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• 2003

Statement of problem. Soft lining materials, also referred to as tissue conditioning materials, tissue heating materials, relining materials, soft liners or tissue conditioners, were first introduced to dentistry by a plastic manufacturer in 1959. Since the introduction of the materials to the dental field, their material properties have been continually improved through the effort of many researchers. Soft lining materials have become widely accepted, particularly by prosthodontists, because of their numerous clinical advantages and ease of manipulation. Unfortunately, few reports have been issued upon the topic of increasing the bond strength between the base metal alloy used in cast denture bases and PMMA soft liner modified with 4-META, nor upon the pattern of debonding and material change in wet environment like a intra oral situation. Purpose. The purposes of this study were comparing the bond strength between base metal alloy used for the cast denture bases and PMMA soft liner modified with 4-META, and describing the pattern of debonding and material property change in wet environment like the intraoral situation. Material and Methods. This study consisted of four experiments: 1. The in vitro measurement of shear bond strength of the adhesive soft liner. 2. The in vitro measurement of shear bond strength of the adhesive soft liner after 2 weeks of aging. 3. A comparison of debonding patterns. 4. An evaluation the Relation time of modified soft liner. The soft liner used in this study was commercially available as Coe-soft (GC America.IL.,USA), which is provided in forms of powder and liquid. This is a PMMA soft liner commonly used in dental clinics. The metal primer used in this study was 4-META containing primer packed in Meta fast denture base resin (Sun Medical Co., Osaka, Japan). The specimens were formed in a single lap joint desist which is useful for evaluating the apparent shear bond strength of adhesively bonded metal plate by tensile loading. Using the $20{\times}20mm$ transparent grid, percent area of adhesive soft liner remaining on the shear area was calculated to classify the debonding patterns. To evaluate the change of the initial flow of the modified adhesive soft liner, the gelation time was measured with an oscillating rheometer (Haake RS150W/ TC50, Haake Co., Germany). It was a stress control and parallel plate type with the diameter of 35mm. Conclusion. Within the conditions and limitations of this study, the following conclusions were drawn as follows. 1. There was significant increase of bond strength in the 5% 4-META, 10% 4-META containing groups and in the primer coated groups versus the control group(P<0.05). 2. After 2 weeks of aging, no significant increase in bond strength was found except for the group containing 10% 4-META (P<0.05). 3. The gelation times of the modified soft liner were 9.3 minutes for the 5% 4-META containing liner and 11.5 minutes for the 10% 4-META liner. 4. The debonding patterns of the 4-META containing group after 2 weeks of aging were similar to those of immediaely after preparation, but the debonding pattern of the primer group showed more adhesive failure after 2 weeks of aging.