• 한국석유지질학회:학술대회논문집
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• spring
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• pp.48-55
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• 1998

The Pohang Basin is located in Pohang City and adjacent coastal areas in the southeastern Korea. It has a sequence of 900 meters of Neogene marine sediments (Yeonil Group) while offshore basins in the East Sea, e.g., the Ulleng basin, is over 10 Km in thickness. An understanding of the marine Yeonil Group in the Pohang Basin may provide insights into the hydrocarbon potential of the offshore East Sea regions. Heulandite, smectite, dolomite, kaolinite and opal-CT are commonly found as diagenetic minerals in the Yeonil Group. Among these minerals, heulandite occurs as a main cement only in sandstones consisting of volcanic matrix, Smectite composition and diagenetic mineral facies such as heulandite and opal-CT may reflect that the Yeonil Group has undergone shallow burial, temperatures below about 60 degrees. This suggest that sandstones have experiened weak diagenetic alteration. In order to reconstruct the thermal history of the basin, apatite fission-track analysis was carried out. Aapparent apatite fission-track ages (AFTAs) exhibit a broader range of ages from 238 Ma to 27 Ma with mean track lengths in the range of $15.24\pm8.0$ micrometers, indicating that these samples had undergone significant predepositional thermal alteration. The Triassic to Cretaceous AFTAs seem In represent the timing of cooling of their sedimentary sources. Late Cretaceous mean AFTA $(79.0\pm8.0 Ma)$ on the Neogene Yeonil Group indicates that the Yeonil Group had not been buried deeper than 2km since its deposition. The organic matters of. the Pohang Basin remain in the immature stage of thermal evolution because burial depth and temperature were not sufficient enough for maturation even in the deep section of the basin.

• Korean Journal of English Language and Linguistics
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.509-536
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• 2001

The traditional typology of English poetic meters makes a binary division between strong-stress (or accentual) meters and accentual-syllabic (or syllable-stress or syllable-accent) meters. According to this typology, Old and Middle English alliterative poetry was composed in strong-stress meter; the iambic pentameter from Chaucer to Yeats and on to the present has been an accentual-syllabic meter. Intersecting with this literary typology is a linguistic typology that classifies languages of the world as stress-timed or syllable-timed or some mix of the two. English is a clear example of a stress-timed language. Whereas most descriptions of strong-stress meter focus on the counting of stresses, the present study focuses on the patterns of unstressed syllables between the stresses (possibly at isochronous intervals). The implications of this analysis suggest a new typology in which certain forms of English verse follow strict grammatical stress (mainly Old and Middle English, but for reasons different from “strong-stress” expectations) and other forms are shaped by a compromise of grammatical stress and the metrical template. Within this later group, iambic pentameter contrasts with trochaic, anapestic, and dipodic meters in lending itself more readily to modulation. Some of this modulation comes from an easy incorporation into iambic pentameter of elements associated with Old and Middle English meters.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.62-67
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• 2010

Exhausting fossil fuel and increasing concern of air pollution have brought on the change of the focus of developing new vehicles from performance to fuel economy and emission. The gasoline engines adopting the naturally aspirated way use the throttle-body for engine load control. Therefore, its pumping loss increases more than that of the diesel engine, and also mostly operating in a partial load condition has bad influence on fuel economy and emission. In these days, the continuous variable valve timing system and variable induction system are adopted in order to improve fuel consumption and emission. In this study, we optimize the runner length and operate region of variable induction system to simulataneously improve the performance, fuel economy, and emission of gasoline engine with employing GT-Power as a CAE tool for engine analysis and PIAnO as PIDO tool for process integration and design optimization.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.154-166
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• 2004

A numerical stability analysis was conducted on the large oil storage caverns excavated in a rock mass under high initial horizonal stress. The behaviors of the surrounding rock mass, rockbolts, and shotcrete were analyzedr and stability of the support members were assessed. For a proper support system design, the effect of the modelling technique, cavern shape and rockbolt length on the stability of the cavern was investigated. Results show that installation timing of supports and the change in cavern shape due to stepwise excavation affect the stress induced in support members. Also found was desperate need for a numerical technique which can properly reflect the behavior of the steel fiber reinforced shotcrete.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.333-339
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• 2012

Freezing of gait is a severely problem in people with Parkinson's disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate the muscle activities of adductor longus, gluteus medius, gluteus maximus, biceps femoris, rectus femoris, gastrocnemius, and tibialis anterior using Noraxon 8 channels EMG system during stop task in patients with Parkinson's disease. Seven parkinson's patients and age matched normal participants were recruited in the study. Filtered EMG signals were rectified, smoothed and integrated. To control for the altered timing and magnitude of activity, iEMG was normalized for time and peak value. The results indicated that the patients with Parkinson showed decreased gait cycle, stance phase, swing phase time, swing phase time ratio and increased stance phase time ratio than normal participants. The patients with Parkinson showed decreased gastrocnemius muscle activity time ratio, while increased tibialis anterior muscle activity time ratio than normal participants. During stance phase before stop, the patients with Parkinson showed relatively lower average and peak iEMG in anterior tibialis and gastrocnemius muscle than normal participants. During swing phase before stop, the patients with Parkinson showed relatively higher average iEMG in gastrocnemius muscle than normal participants. During stop phase, the patients with Parkinson showed relatively lower average and peak iEMG in anterior tibialis and gastrocnemius muscle than normal participants.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.36-44
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• 2008

This paper proposes a modeling and simulation process of a panel production line (PPL) in a shipyard. The panel production line is an assembly process to produce a main panel of a flat block and a curved block. In this paper, its activity analysis is carried out using expression of IDEF0, and its process is qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed and modeled by Petri Nets. A commercial discrete event simulation tool, $QUEST^{TM}$, is used for virtual PPL and simulation. The modeling results by Petri Net are mapped to elements of the simulation tool. Finally, an integrated simulation environment of PPL is implemented in order to efficiently utilize the virtual PPL model. With the help of IDEF0 and Petri Nets, we could systematically analyze and describe the PPL process that are characterized as being concurrent, asynchronous, distributed, parallel, nondeterministic, and/or stochastic. Also, the dynamic and concurrent activities of a PPL system were able to be simulated. A timing concept can be included into the Petri nets model to evaluate performance and dependability issues of the system.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2008.10b
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• pp.382-383
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• 2008

현재 가정이나 산업용으로 사용하는 가스 화기나 보일러 등에서 가스 누출에 의한 화재사고나 폭발사고가 빈번하게 발생하고 있다. 가스 누출에 의한 사고는 오랜 시간 가스 누출 후 점화원에 의한 폭발이나 화재사고가 대다수를 차지한다. 일반적으로 천연가스를 사용하는 경우 상단부에 가스누출검지기를 설치하고 있다. 하지만 이러한 설치 위치는 대략적인 가스의 특성을 고려한 것이다. 본 연구에서는 가스 누출이 발생할 수 있는 누출위치를 가정의 가스레인지 화구와 밸브 연결부로 선정하고, 전산유체역학(CFD)을 이용하여 가스누출검지기의 시간에 따른 응답특성을 파악하여, 빠른 가스 검지를 위해 가스누출검지기 설치 위치를 최적화하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 기초로 가정이나 건물의 가스누출검지기출 설치할 경우, 가스가 누출되었을 때 신속한 검지를 통하여 위험을 알림으로서 가스폭발이나 사고를 미연에 방지할 수 있을 것이다.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2012

Objectives: This study evaluated students' satisfaction with education in traditional Korean medicine. We included analysis of the factors affecting students' satisfaction. Methods: The questionnaires were developed and distributed to Korean medicine students asking students' satisfaction in seven categories of education: overall satisfaction, curriculum, professors, lecture and practical sessions, grades and evaluation, student activities, and facilities and environment. The responses were analyzed statistically. Results: The score of overall satisfaction of students was 2.69 on average. There was significant correlation between overall satisfaction level and individual factors of the students such as academic year, the timing and the motive of deciding to enter the Colleges of Korean Medicine. Generally, students' satisfaction increases as the number of students per professor decreases. Conclusions: To increase students' satisfaction, the educational environment and the curriculum should be improved. Also, regular assessment of students' satisfaction is demanded.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.34-42
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• 2011

Many companies open multiple projects simultaneously due to market trends, which results in a crowding out effect because of limited resources. R&D engineers become overloaded and scheduling of product development is delayed resulting in timing misses and lost sales leads. The company in this case study (Company A), often opens up many projects simultaneously in order to respond to market needs quickly. The engineers are overloaded and, of course, the schedule is delayed. In order to identify problems, Company A began using Dr. Goldratt's Thinking Processes (TP) during new product development (NPD). When the analysis phase of TP was completed, Company A's core problem was identified as "the quantity of kick-off projects." Consequently, new rules and conditions and procedures were proposed for the opening, suspending, stopping, and closing of projects. Finally, the "Future Reality Tree" ensured that the proposed rules, conditions and procedures were set up as an available solution approved for practical application by executives. After a one-year trial run, the results showed that the Project Duration Rate was reduced by 53%, the Project Closed Rate was increased by 140% and the Project on Time Rate was increased from 10% to 68%. The above results give significant evidence of the benefits of the proposed methodology.

• IE interfaces
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.182-192
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• 2010

Customer needs for final products are very unpredictable because product specifications and technologies are being improved very quickly thereby their requirement level is also elevated correspondingly. In order to survive and to enhance competitiveness in the global market, many manufacturing companies are trying to find a breakthrough from collaborization. Even though they want to collaborate with others, however, they do not exactly know what kind of system they have to develop or which technology they have to use. In this paper, therefore, we first investigate status and trend of information systems and infrastructure that are essential for collaboration. We then clearly describe definition and classification of collaboration with various point of views considering collaboration pattern, timing condition of collaborative activities, organizational structure, etc. With web-based collaboration systems already developed by i-Manufacturing (Korean-style Manufacturing Innovation) project, led by Korean government from 2004, we introduce main functions and analyze collaboration types of each system. Strategically important technologies for supporting collaboration will also be illustrated by reorganizing collaborization technologies after evaluating them with respect to emergency and importance of each technology. We hope this research will provide a guideline on collaboration especially for small and medium sized manufacturing companies.