• Title/Summary/Keyword: Time-Domain Analysis

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Intra-MARIO: Mobility Management Protocol to Support Intra-PAN Handover with Route Optimization for 6LoWPAN (Intra-MARIO: 6LoWPAN에서 PAN 내부 핸드오버를 최적화된 경로로 지원하기 위한 이동성 프로토콜)

  • Ha, Min-Keun;Kim, Seong-Hoon;Hong, Sung-Min;Kim, Dae-Young;Yoe, Hyun
    • Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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    • v.16 no.12
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    • pp.1189-1193
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    • 2010
  • Mobility management is one of the most important research issues in 6LoWPAN, Since the IP-WSN application domain is expanded to real-time applications such as healthcare and surveillance systems, a fast and seamless handover becomes an important criterion in 6LoWPAN. However, a draft of IETF 6LoWPAN WG for mobility support does not decrease handover delay. Although LoWMob supports a fast intra-PAN handover. it can be supported when the infrastructure node has the location information of the other nodes in the mobile node's moving direction. In this paper, we propose a fast and seamless mobility protocol to support intra-PAN handover, named intra-MARIO. In intra-MARIO, a parent node of the mobile node preconfigures its handover to the PAN when the parent node detects its movement, thereby reducing the handover delay. Since intra-MARIO also supports route optimization, the mobile node can communicate with its corresponding nodes through the optimal route. In this paper, we analysis the signaling cost and evaluates that the handover can be completed in 20ms by simulation.

Performance Analysis on Terrain-Adaptive Clutter Map Algorithm for Ground Clutter Rejection of Weather Radar (기상 레이다의 지형 클러터 제거를 위한 지형적응 클러터 맵 알고리듬 성능분석)

  • Kim, Hye-Ri;Jung, Jung-Soo;Kwag, Young-Kil;Kim, Ji-Won;Kim, Ji-Hyeon;Ko, Jeong-Seok
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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    • v.25 no.12
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    • pp.1292-1299
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    • 2014
  • Weather radar systems can provide weather information of the ground, sea, and air in extensive spatial coverage in near real time. However, it becomes problematic when ground clutter signal exists around precipitation because strong signals of ground can cause a false precipitation report. A large percentage of land coverage of Korea consists of mountainous regions where ground clutter needs to be mitigated for more accurate prediction. Thus, it is considered necessary to introduce a new suitable ground clutter removal technique specifically adequate for Korea. In this paper, the C-Map(Clutter Map) method using raw radar signals is proposed for removing ground clutter using a terrain-adaptive clutter map. A clutter map is generated using raw radar signals(I/Q) of clear days, then it is subtracted from received radar signals in frequency domain. The proposed method is applied to the radar data acquired from Sobaeksan rain radar and the result shows that the clutter rejection ratio is about 91.17 %.

Raising Visual Experience of Soccer Video for Mobile Viewers (이동형 단말기 사용자를 위한 축구경기 비디오의 시청경험 향상 방법)

  • Ahn, Il-Koo;Ko, Jae-Seung;Kim, Won-Jun;Kim, Chang-Ick
    • Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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    • v.13 no.3
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    • pp.165-178
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    • 2007
  • The recent progress in multimedia signal processing and transmission technologies has contributed to the extensive use of multimedia devices to watch sports games with small LCD panel. However, the most of video sequences are captured for normal viewing on standard TV or HDTV, for cost reasons, merely resized and delivered without additional editing. This may give the small-display-viewers uncomfortable experiences in understanding what is happening in a scene. For instance, in a soccer video sequence taken by a long-shot camera techniques, the tiny objects (e.g., soccer ball and players) may not be clearly viewed on the small LCD panel. Moreover, it is also difficult to recognize the contents of the scorebox which contains the elapsed time and scores. This renuires intelligent display technique to provide small-display-viewers with better experience. To this end, one of the key technologies is to determine region of interest (ROI) and display the magnified ROI on the screen, where ROI is a part of the scene that viewers pay more attention to than other regions. Examples include a region surrounding a ball in long-shot and a scorebox located in the comer of each frame. In this paper, we propose a scheme for raising viewing experiences of multimedia mobile device users. Instead of taking generic approaches utilizing visually salient features for extraction of ROI in a scene, we take domain-specific approach to exploit unique attributes of the soccer video. The proposed scheme consists of two modules: ROI determination and scorebox extraction. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme offers useful tools for intelligent video display on multimedia mobile devices.

Analysis of Near Field for Base Station Panel Antenna(4 X 2 Dipole Array) (기지국용 판넬 안테나(4 X 2 Dipole Array)의 근역장 분석)

  • Lee, Dugro;Park, Ju-Derk;Choi, Jae-Ic;Kim, Nam
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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    • v.15 no.5
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    • pp.473-479
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    • 2004
  • In this paper, power density in near field is calculated about analytic object which has comparatively large volume in considering used wavelength such as cellular base station antenna. Panel sector antenna which is used widespreadly in domestic cellular wireless communication system is modeled and electromagnetic field distribution in reactive near field region is calculated by FDTD (Finite Difference Time Domain) method. After that, antenna gain in far field region is obtain by near to far transformation. Power spectral density in radiated near field is calculated in applying to gain-based model with antenna gain in far field. Finally, compliance distance is obtained in considering the result from radiated near field calculation and basic restrictions on occupational and general public exposure limits in ICNIRP guideline. In the center of main radiating position, the result from gain-based model is -14.55 ㏈m and the result from surface scanning method is -15.75 ㏈m. When the losses from cables and connectors used in measurement are considered, the results from gain-based model and surface scanning method are nearly coincident.

Perception on the Importance of Items on Psychosocial Assessment among Hospice and Palliative Care Social Workers (호스피스·완화의료 사회복지사의 심리사회적 사정항목에 대한 중요도 인식)

  • Kim, Won-Chul;Hwang, Myung Jin
    • Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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    • v.17 no.4
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    • pp.259-269
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    • 2014
  • Purpose: This preliminary study is aimed at developing standardized tools for psycho-social assessment of patients in needs for hospice/palliative care. To accomplish the purpose, investigators examined effects of perceptions of social workers on the importance of psycho-social domains of assessment in hospice/palliative care settings. Moreover, investigators paid attention to variances of perceptions of social workers' along with types of institution and credentials of those family settings. Methods: A form of questionnaire was first explored from an initial interview assessment of 10 government-certified hospice care providers and a literature review, second constructed with eight domains and 80 items, and sent by e-mail to 55 institutions and hospitals providing hospice/palliative cares in Korea. Lastly, a total of 31 agencies returned with a completed responses and consent form (56% response rate). SPSS program (version 18.0) was used for data analysis. Results: Study found that social workers perceived patients' family background (m=4.53, 5-point scale) as the most important assessment domain, whereas economic conditions (4.06 point) the least important. Social workers' perception varied by credentials (i.e., license types, training, full-time position, types of care facility). Conclusion: Based upon study findings, investigators can conclude strong needs for developing a assessment tool that measures multiple domains (i.e., psychological, social and ecological aspects) of patients. A standardized assessment tool should be structured with 2 axis (center/core and expanded/peripheral) and tailored for institution type. Second, professional trainings must be provided by strengthening legal institutionalization and fostering qualified social workers with full responsibilities of hospice and palliative care patients.

Distribution of Soil Water Storage at a Hillslope in Sulmachun Watershed (설마천 사면의 토양층 저류량의 분포양상에 관한 연구)

  • Jang, Eun-se;Kim, Sang-Hyun;Lee, Jung-Hoon
    • Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.88-98
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    • 2016
  • The storage variation in the vadose zone at a hillslope is important to understand the hydrological process. This study explores seasonal changes of soil water storage at a hillslope scale. The study was conducted on a hillslope of Beomrunsa, located in the Seolma-cheon river basin in Paju-si, Gyeonggi-do. Using soil moisture measurements through Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR), storage, discharge, and response constant were calculated for all monitoring points on a hillslope between March and November, 2010. This study found that temporal changes in storage are resulted from the rainfall distribution patterns. Analysis of the spatial changes in storage indicated that the soil water storage tends to increase towards the downslope direction. The discharges calculated based on the soil water measurements exhibited a high correlation with observation discharge. The storage response constant was high during the autumn which demonstrates the increased contribution from upslope is responsible for the occurrence of soil water recharge during autumn.

Estimation of Saturation Velocity in Soils During Rainfall using Soil Box Test (모형토조실험을 이용한 강우시 토층의 포화속도 산정)

  • Kim, Chul-Min;Song, Young-Suk;Kim, Hak-Joon
    • The Journal of Engineering Geology
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    • v.25 no.3
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    • pp.377-385
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    • 2015
  • We constructed a model test apparatus to evaluate the dependence of the saturation velocity (Vs) in soils on rainfall intensity (IR). The apparatus comprises a soil box, a rainfall simulator, and measuring sensors. The model grounds (60 cm × 50 cm × 15 cm) were formed by Joomunjin standard sand with a relative density of 75%. The rainfall simulator can control the rainfall intensity to reenact the actual rainfall in a soil box. Time Domain Reflectometer (TDR) sensors and tensiometers were installed in the soils to measure changes in the volumetric water content and matric suction due to rainfall infiltration. During the tests, the soil saturation was determined by raising the groundwater table, which was formed at the bottom of the soil box. [Please check that the correct meaning has been maintained.] The wetting front did not form at the ground surface during rainfall because the soil particles were uniform and the coefficient of permeability was relatively high. Our results show that the suction stress of the soils decreased with increasing volumetric water content, and this effect was most pronounced for volumetric water contents of 20%-30%. Based on a regression analysis of the relationship between rainfall intensity and the average saturation velocity, we suggest the following equation for estimating the saturation velocity in soils: Vsavg (cm/sec) = 0.068IR (mm/hr).

Spatial Distribution of Macropore Flow Percentage and Macroporosities in the Gwangneung Forest Catchment (광릉 산림 소유역에서의 대공극흐름율과 유효대공극부피분율의 공간 분포)

  • Gwak, Yong-Seok;Kim, Su-Jin;Kim, Joon;Lim, Jong-Hwan;Kim, Sang-Hyun
    • Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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    • v.9 no.4
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    • pp.234-246
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    • 2007
  • The role of macropore in the hydrological processes is important at the hillslope scale. Developments and distribution of macropores have not been investigated in conjunction with the characteristics of the hillslope such as topography, soil property, and soil moisture. In this study, macropore properties, such as macropore flow and saturation hydraulic conductivity were measured at a hillslope located in Gwangneung Research Forest, Pochun-gun, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea. An intensive field survey provided a refined Digital Elevation Model (DEM) for surface and subsurface topography. Spatial distributions of upslope area and topographic index were obtained through the digital terrain analysis. The total number of monitoring points was 22, and the selected points were distributed along the transect of the digital contour map. Vertical fluxes through macropores were measured using a tension infiltrometer at the depth of 0.1 m from the surface. Spatial and temporal distributions of soil moisture were obtained using an on-line measurement system, TRASE, installed in the study area. Soil moisture for the aforementioned points was measured at 0.1 and 0.3m depths below the surface. The results from tension infiltrometer experiments present that the macropore flows ranged between 21 and 94%, and the measured macroporosities varied from 1.4 to 47%. Macropore flows and macroporosities tended to increase as the measurement location moved to downslope. The ability for water conduction through macropores becomes increasingly developed as the location approaches the outlet of the hillslope.

High School Students' Understanding of Astronomical Concepts Using the Role-playing and Discussion in Small Groups (소집단 역할놀이와 토의를 통한 고등학생들의 천문개념 이해)

  • Jung, Nam-Sik;Woo, Jong-Ok;Jeong, Jin-Woo
    • Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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    • v.16 no.1
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    • pp.61-76
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    • 1996
  • The purpose of this study was to apply the instructional strategies for conceptual change prescribed by Posner et al(1982) to the astronomic content domain taught in the elementary and middle school and to analyze the characteristics of students' knowledge revealed in the test before, during and after the instruction. Also, it was to investigate the intercorrelation of cognitive levels, spatial ability and science achievement. The major findings of this study are as follows: 1. Students had a great variety of misconceptions related to the motion of the moon before the instruction, that is, the phases, the names of phases and the cause of changing phases by the moon's orbit about the earth, the moon's appearance and location at the given time, the relative positions of earth, moon and sun during a lunar eclipse, the cause that a full moon is not at the line of node once a month. In the analysis of students' responses concerning the cause of changing phases of the moon and a lunar eclipse, the results indicate that the great majority of students had rote learning rather than meaningful learning in the middle school. 2. Students' reponses during the instruction concerning the changing phases of the moon and the predictive knowledge about the motions of the earth and the moon were analyzed. 1) According to the results of the test given before and after experiment, after discussion, achievement score of the whole of subjects and groups in both preformal and formal cognitive levels appeared to increase linearly. 2) There was no statistically significant differences of achievement scores before and after experiment, after discussion between preformal group and formal group in cognitive levels. 3. Distribution of achievement scores according to the whole of subjects and groups in preformal and formal cognitive levels shows that there was a statistically significant difference between pretest and posttest. 4. Types of conceptual changes concerning the cause of changing phases of the moon that occurred from pretest to posttest were classified as accommodation, incomplete accommodation, assimilation, no change and no model. Six of the seven students starting instruction with alternative frameworks didn't sustain those alternative models throughout instruction. Five of these six students accommodated completely and the last one partially. Seventy-nine percentage of students taking instruction with fragmental models assimilated correct propositions at the end of the instruction. These results suggest that conceptual change model prescribed by Posner et al(1982) has promised the meaningful learning to students taking with fragmental models, especially in cases where students with misconception enter instruction. 5. High correlation between achievement score of simple-recall items and that of written items in pretest and posttest indicates that the higher students got the score in simple-recall items the better they also performed in written items. However, there was no statistically significant differences among cognitive levels, spatial ability and science achievement in the whole of subjects and groups according to the cognitive levels.

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Dynamic Constrained Force of Tower Top and Rotor Shaft of Floating Wind Turbine (부유식 해상 풍력 발전기의 Tower Top 및 Rotor Shaft에 작용하는 동적 하중 계산)

  • Ku, Nam-Kug;Roh, Myung-Il;Lee, Kyu-Yeul
    • Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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    • v.25 no.5
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    • pp.455-463
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    • 2012
  • In this study, we calculate dynamic constrained force of tower top and blade root of a floating offshore wind turbine. The floating offshore wind turbine is multibody system which consists of a floating platform, a tower, a nacelle, and a hub and three blades. All of these parts are regarded as a rigid body with six degree-of-freedom(DOF). The platform and the tower are connected with fixed joint, and the tower, the nacelle, and the hub are successively connected with revolute joint. The hub and three blades are connected with fixed joint. The recursive formulation is adopted for constructing the equations of motion for the floating wind turbine. The non-linear hydrostatic force, the linear hydrodynamic force, the aerodynamic force, the mooring force, and gravitational forces are considered as external forces. The dynamic load at the tower top, rotor shaft, and blade root of the floating wind turbine are simulated in time domain by solving the equations of motion numerically. From the simulation results, the mutual effects of the dynamic response between the each part of the floating wind turbine are discussed and can be used as input data for the structural analysis of the floating offshore wind turbine.