• 한국기술혁신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국기술혁신학회 2000년도 추계 학술대회(The 2000 Autumn Conference of korea Technology Inovation Society)(한국기술혁신학회)
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• pp.346-356
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• 2000

This paper aims to analyse the relationship between R＆D investment and economic growth in Korea. The analysis result shows 38 percent of average economic growth rate(7.1%) of Korea between 1976 and 1998 was achieved by the growth of Total Factor Productivity (TFP), and the R&D investment during the period contributed in achieving the economic growth rate by as much as 9.86 percent. In the process of the estimate, the rate of return of the R&D investment from both government and private was calculated as 47 percent. The relationship between private R&D investment, government R&D investment and the GDP was also investigated, and it was estimated that the private sector invested 2.0 percent of the GDP in R&D during the period, and was found that 1 won of government R&D investment induced 0.202 won of private sector's R&D investment. However, the time-lag effect, which is naturally believed to exist between the R&D investment and the economic growth, could not be analysed in a mathematical form, because of the lack of the data to establish this relationship. However, this paper believe that the time-lag effect in this relationship was included implicitly by using the data of 23 years.

• 교육시설
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.16-23
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• 1999

The thermal and condensation performance of steel stud walls are monitored in steel-framed schools of Ee-Wol Elementary School and kindergarten using temperature and humidity sensors installed. The monitoring process carried out during the summer and winter period, shows decrement effect of the external heat flow to be quite remarkable and excellent. And steel stud walls provides a highly efficient time-lag effect in spite of its light weight property, with 30 minutes to 4 hours time-lag for external heat flow, which variation mainly depends on its location of each part of the wall. Any condensation phenomena are not observed in either external or internal surfaces.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.427-431
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• 1988

Pseudomonas testosteroni 6F1의 아닐린 분해에 미치는 이차기질의 첨가효과를 보기 위하여 균생장에 필요한 유도기간과 효소활성유도 정도를 조사하였다. 아닐린만 존재하는 배지에서 P. testosteroni 6Fl은 7시간의 유도기간을 필요로 한데 비하여 쉽게 이용가능한 이차기질을 첨가해준 경우 아닐린 분해에 필요한 유도기간이 1-3시간으로 줄어들었다. 이러한 아닐린 분해 촉진효과는 이차기질과 아닐린이 서로 발리 이용되면서 균체의 생장과 분해효소의 활성유도시기를 앞당겼기 때문이었으며, 이때 아닐린 분해효소의 최종활성 정도는 첨가해준 이차기질에 따라 다르게 나타났다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.27-32
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• 2004

해안가에 발달된 단열암반 대수층에서 수리지질 인자를 추정하기 위하여 조석에 의한 지하수위 변동 현상을 이용하는 조석분석법을 적용하였다. 두 관측정의 지하수위 시계열 자료는 조석에 의한 대수층내 유효응력 전달에 의해 조수위 변동과 비슷한 사인곡선 형태로 나타났다. 교차상관함수를 이용하여 조석과 두 관측정의 지하수위 변동 사이의 개략적인 시간지연을 계산하였으며, 그 결과 심도가 깊은 공의 시간지연이 크게 나타났다. 그리고 조석효율과 시간지연을 계산하여 이들로부터 각각의 저류계수를 추정한 결과 큰 차이를 나타내었다. 본 연구지역에서 실시된 순간충격 시험에 의하여 측정된 저류계수는 조석분석법에서 시간지연을 이용하여 계산한 값과 유사하게 나타나며, 심도가 깊은 공에서 보다 비슷한 값을 나타내고 있다. 조석효율은 피압층에 발달된 균열로 인한 자유면대수층의 영향과 수직적인 지하수 유동에 의해 대수층의 수리상수를 추정하는데 한계가 있는 것으로 사료된다. 따라서 조석분석법은 해안대수층의 수리지질인자를 추정하는데 지하수공의 위치나 대수층의 수리지질적 특성을 고려하여 해석한다면 경제적이고 유용한 방법으로 판단된다.

• 컴퓨터교육학회논문지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.71-80
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• 2012

본 연구의 목적은 초기청소년의 성장에 따라 게임사용 변화궤적을 알아보고, 자기통제력이 학년 변화에 따른 게임사용 변화의 동시효과와 지연효과를 갖는지 탐색해 보았다. 이를 위하여 잠재성장모형을 바탕으로 세 개의 연구모형을 설정하고 가설을 검정하였다. 한국청소년패널조사(KYPS)의 초등4 패널을 활용하여 4년간 반복추적 조사한 2844명의 데이터를 분석하였다. 연구결과 (a) 학년이 증가함으로써 게임사용 변화율은 유의하게 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. (b) 남학생이 여학생보다 게임사용의 초기치와 변화율이 높았다. 그리고 (c) 초기 게임사용과 게임사용 변화량 모두 학업성취도에 부적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. (d) 게임사용변화에서 자기통제력의 동시효과는 항상 유의하였지만 지연효과는 일부만 유의하였다. 연구결과와 함께 컴퓨터 교육 분야에서 종단연구의 분석 연구사례를 제시했다는 의의가 있다.

• 기술혁신연구
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.1-20
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• 1999

This paper investigates the effects of various R&D investments on economic growth empirically. To this end, the relationships between various R&D investments and economic growth are analysed, and the rates of return of R&D investments are estimated. Furthermore, the effect of government R&D investment on private sector R&D investment, and the effect of social factors, which affect the relationship between the R&D inputs and economic growth, are analysed. Based on the results of this analysis, a simulation model is developed, which shows the relationship between R&D investments and economic growth rate; this model is verified by analysing the correlation between the actual and the estimated economic growth rate, using the data between 1981 and 1995 of eight selected countries. The validation results show that the simulation model has sufficient accuracy to be used for evaluating and proposing R&D policies for the countries for which appropriate data is available. However, the time-lag effect, which is naturally believed to exist between the R&D input and the economic growth, could not be analysed in a mathematical form, because of the lack of the data to establish this relationship. Thus, when estimating the relationship between them, the time-lag effect in this relationship was included implicitly by using the data of fifteen years.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제31권2B호
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• pp.154-163
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• 2006

산업시대에서 지식기반경제시대로 패러다임이 변화해 오면서 연구개발투자와 정보통신산업의 중요성이 증대되고 있다. 본고에서는 1980년부터 2003년까지의 데이터를 이용하여 패러다임의 변화속에서 국내 정보통신산업의 연구개발투자가 타 산업에 비해 총요소생산성에 미치는 영향의 속도가 빠르다는 사실을 시차(Time Lag)측면에서 분석해 보았다. 그 결과 총요소생산성에 빠른 영향을 미치는 산업은 정보통신산업 그리고 펄프, 종이 및 종이제품 산업(2년)으로 나타났으며, 이 2개산업을 기여도 측면에서 비교분석한 결과 정보통신산업의 총요소생산성 증가에 대한 기여도는 0.24로 0.13의 기여도를 보여준 펄프, 종이 및 종이제품산업에 비해 큰 것으로 나타났다. 이는 정보통신산업의 규모의 경제, 짧은 라이프사이클(life cycle) 그리고 네트워크 외부성(network externality)을 바탕으로 한 임계량(critical mass) 등의 특성으로 인한 것으로 평가된다. 따라서 IT 선진국의 위상을 유지하기 위해서 정보통신산업의 특성을 고려한 단기 및 중장기 R & D전략의 적절한 조화가 필요하다고 보여진다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.265-274
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• 2018

Objectives: A positive association between air pollution and both the incidence and prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) has been reported in some epidemiologic and animal studies, but little research has evaluated the relationship between air pollution and diabetic coma. Diabetic coma is an acute complication of DM caused by diabetic ketoacidosis or hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state, which is characterized by extreme hyperglycemia accompanied by coma. We conducted a time-series study with a generalized additive model using a distributed-lag non-linear model to assess the association between ambient air pollution (particulate matter less than $10{\mu}m$ in aerodynamic diameter, nitrogen dioxide [$NO_2$], sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, and ozone) and emergency department (ED) visits for DM with coma in Seoul, Korea from 2005 to 2009. Methods: The ED data and medical records from the 3 years previous to each diabetic coma event were obtained from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service to examine the relationship with air pollutants. Results: Overall, the adjusted relative risks (RRs) for an interquartile range (IQR) increment of $NO_2$ was statistically significant at lag 1 (RR, 1.125; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.039 to 1.219) in a single-lag model and both lag 0-1 (RR, 1.120; 95% CI, 1.028 to 1.219) and lag 0-3 (RR, 1.092; 95% CI, 1.005 to 1.186) in a cumulative-lag model. In a subgroup analysis, significant positive RRs were found for females for per-IQR increments of $NO_2$ at cumulative lag 0-3 (RR, 1.149; 95% CI, 1.022 to 1.291). Conclusions: The results of our study suggest that ambient air pollution, specifically $NO_2$, is associated with ED visits for diabetic coma.

• 기술경영경제학회:학술대회논문집
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• 기술경영경제학회 2001년도 제19회 하계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.145-156
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• 2001

This paper investigates the effect of imported technology on the economic growth of Korea. To this end, the relationship between input technology and economic growth are suggested in the numerical form and analysed empirically. The rates of return of technology investments, which are divided into the domestic R&D investment and the investment on imported technology, are estimated. Based on the result of this analysis, the rate of return of the input technology, which includes the domestic R&D investment and the investment on imported technology, are estimated as 31.4%, and this input technology is calculated as to contribute 8.9% on the economic growth rate of Korea. And the domestic R&D investment is fumed out to have bigger rate of return than the investment on imported technology during the surveyed period. However, the rates of return of detailed R&D investments, which can be divided into the investments on commercial R&D and basic science, were not calculated in this paper, because of the lack of data on this in this paper. As well, the time-lag effect, which is naturally believed to exist between the R&D investment and the economic growth, could not be analysed wit:1 the same reason. Thus when analysing the relationship between them, this paper tried to minimize the time-lag effect by using the long-term data of twenty-three years.

• 지식경영연구
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.27-43
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• 2019

This paper examines spillover effects of R&D investment in the ICT industry to other industries by analyzing panel data composed of 6 manufacturing industries for the period of 1983~2011. Major findings are as follows; (1) The increase of R&D investment in ICT industry has a significantly positive relationship with the increase in the value-added of the remaining 5 industries with 3~10 year lags, depending on the source of R&D funds and R&D stage. (2) More specifically, public R&D shows the spillover effects during 3~7-year lag periods, whereas private R&D started to exert spillover effects from 9-year lag. The result implies that the public R&D appropriately targets projects with more spillover effects. (3) Basic research, applied research, and development showed the spillover effects for the period of 9~10, 7~10, and 10-year lag, respectively. (4) The R&D investment in 5 other industries such as machinery, chemicals, and materials does not have positive spillover effects to the remaining industries. Few studies have been done to analyze the R&D spillover effects to other industries, with certain limitations. This study contributes to the existing literature by analyzing the spillover effects of the different R&D funds and R&D stages, and by considering various time-lag effects.