• 한국국방경영분석학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.75-82
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• 1990

When the new equipment or weapon system is introduced to the operating unit its repair facilities and spare parts supply channels are not regularly generated. therefore, its required spare parts are initially supplied at the same time when the main equipment is deployed. For these circumstances, we are faced with the following problems : the first one is to decide the budget amounts to acquire the spare parts, the second is to choose the amounts of initial provisioning spare parts, and the third one is how to allocate the given budget for the initial provisioning spare parts. This paper emphasizes on determining the budget amounts, but also suggests the spare parts allocating methods.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.617-623
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to examine the consumers' purchasing behaviors of budget-priced cosmetics. Questionnaires used for this study were composed of 44 questions including 9 questions about budget-priced cosmetic purchasing behavior, 15 questions about satisfaction, 15 questions about repeat purchasing intention, 1 question about the reason of satisfaction or dissatisfaction, and four questions about demographic variables. Questionnaires were administrated to 317 people who were Daegu & Kyungpook region residents and had shopping experience on budget-priced cosmetics during 2 weeks from March 2005. Respondents' age was limited from 20 to 40. Data were analyzed by using correlation, crosstabulation analysis, and frequency analysis utilizing SPSS/WIN. The results were as follows. Consumers went to budget-priced cosmetics' shops 'for low price', 'for trial' and 'for curiosity'. The best purchased products among the budget-priced cosmetics were basic cosmetics, and the second purchased products were make-up cosmetics. 41.4% of the whole respondents answered that they spent 5,000~10,000won per one time visit, and 65% of those answered they visited once or twice per a year and once per two or three months. In this study a level of satisfaction for the entire products, consumers neither unsatisfied nor fully satisfied. For the question of the intention to repurchase for the budget-priced cosmetics, the respondents answered that they will not positively purchase again. A level of satisfaction and the intention to repurchase had positive correlations. The reason which consumers satisfied with the products was chiefly related to price and that which consumers unsatisfied the products was related to products themselves.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.62-72
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• 2015

2000년대에 들어 급속한 고령화 사회로 접어든 현 시점에 교통계획 및 수요예측의 관점에서 고령자가 차지하는 비중은 매우 높아지고 있다. 따라서 고령자 그룹의 통행 행태를 분석하고 수요를 추정하는 별도의 과정이 요구된다. 본 연구는 SUR모형을 활용해 고령자의 목적별 통행시간예산의 영향요인을 규명하였다. 통행시간예산은 통행수단의 발달과는 상관없이 하루 약 1시간 정도로 할당된다는 점에 비추어 볼 때, 각 목적별 통행의 영향요인을 규명하기 위해서는 오차항간의 상관성을 고려하는 SUR모형이 적합하다. 분석 결과, 여가목적 통행의 비중이 매우 높으며 개인, 가구, 도시시설, 교통 인프라 등 다양한 요인에 의해 통행시간예산이 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 여가목적과 관련된 노유자 시설, 운동 시설, 종교 시설 등이 통행시간예산과 양(+)의 상관관계를 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 특정 직업에 종사하지 않거나 월 소득이 낮은 가구에 속한 고령자일수록 사회 경제적 활동의 빈도가 낮아지는 것으로 분석되었다. 이러한 결과는 고령자의 장래 통행행태를 예측하고 수요를 예측하는데 있어 많은 시사점을 제공할 것으로 기대한다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.134-139
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• 2008

Most approaches for continuous review inventory problem need tables for loss function and cumulative standard normal distribution. Furthermore, it is time-consuming to calculate order quantity (Q) and reorder point (r) iteratively until required values are converged. The purpose of this paper is to develop a direct method to get the solution without any tables. We used approximation approaches for loss function and cumulative standard normal distribution. The proposed method can get the solution directly without any iterative procedure for Q, r and without any tables. The performance of the proposed approach is tested by using numerical examples. The budget constraint of this paper assumes that purchasing costs are paid at the time an order is arrived. This constraint can be easily replaced by capacity constraint or budget constraint in which' purchasing costs are paid at the time an order is placed.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.769-779
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• 2017

Nutrient (i.e., nitrogen and phosphorus) budgets are required under a 'Livestock Excreta Survey'. A nutrient budget is one of the agri-environmental indicators that calculates the difference between the inputs and outputs of the amount of nutrients within a certain boundary and for a certain time period (e.g., 1 year). In this study, a nutrients budget model was developed to effectively determine the surplus of nutrients within a region in Korea. The C# program language was used in order to facilitate the deployment of a graphical user interface (GUI) and to enhance compatibility. Also, the model was developed on Windows OS, which is the commonly used operating system in Korea. The model was based on the OECD/Eurostat nutrient budget method, and it was modified to consider manure composting procedures as well. There are key features of the nutrient budget model, including directly use of the original data sets from various input and output sources, and a collectively exchange of the address in different formats. The model can quickly show the results of various spatial and temporal resolutions with the same data, as well as perform a sensitivity analysis with coefficients and easily compareresults using tables and graphs. Further, it would be necessary to study the extension of the scope of utilization, such as the application of various nutrient budget methods. It would also be helpful to investigate both pre and postprocessing information such as linking input data through online systems.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.546-555
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• 2017

The Nutrient budget is one of the agricultural-environment indicators of OECD. A nutrient budget measures the surplus as the differential between the inputs and the outputs of within a certain boundary and within a specified period of time (i.e. one year). According to OECD, the annual nitrogen budget for Korea was $245kg\;N\;ha^{-1}$ in 2014, which corresponds to the first position among OECD countries. In Korea in 2014, about 90 % of livestock excreta was composted as solid and liquid manure, which are usually and customarily spread on agricultural land. The objectives of this study are intended to suggest methodology of the regional nitrogen budget as a nitrogen management tool, which considers conversion from raw excreta to composted manures based on the methodology of OECD/Eurostat, and application of the new method in an agricultural region of Korea. As a result, the calculated excess rate of hydrospheric nitrogen surplus was $251kg\;N\;ha^{-1}$ (in the region in 2014), which indicates the presence of potential risks emanating from excessive nitrogen, with regard to both export water and soil environments. The findings also assert that this was shown to be one of the most important elements in the nitrogen budget, which translates to the actual amounts of nitrogen lost during the solid composting process. To better understand the process and the reliability of the method, it is necessary to analyze the sensitivity of the relevant co-efficients used in the method in the near future.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.61-74
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• 2003

본 연구(II)는 연구(I)에서 제안한 상수관로의 노후도 예측에 근거한 최적 개량 모형을 A시를 대상으로 이를 적용하였다. 노후도 예측 모형은 굴착 및 실험이 필요한 14개 항목과 굴착 및 실험이 필요하지 않은 9개 항목을 구분하여 각각 관의 노후도 등급을 산정하였다. 노후도 예측 모형 적용 결과 항목개수에 따른 등급의 차는 l~2% 이내로 굴착 및 실험을 하지 않고도 노후도 예측이 가능한 것으로 나타났다. 최적 개량 모형은 노후도 항목별 최대 잔존수명과 제약조건 유무로 구분하여 적용하였다. 적용결과 항목별 최대 잔존수명의 증가에 따라 개량 시기 및 비용이 증가하였다. 또한 예산제약을 제외한 모형과 비교해서 예산제약을 고려한 모형이 모든 항목에서 비용이 증가되었다. 이는 예산제약을 고려할 경우 실제 주어진 최대 잔존수명 기간이내 매년 발생하는 예산의 최대 금액을 넘지 않은 대신에 매년 비슷한 비용으로 개량을 실시하기 때문인 것으로 판단되었다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.279-285
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• 2009

In this study, applied to the industrial water service, it is verified feasibility of break-even analysis method which has not been introduced in Korea. The On-san water pipeline of 7.1km among the Ul-san industrial water service is selected and the optimal replacement time calculated by break-even analysis method is year 2033 to 2044 which will be 53 to 67 years since the pipes were buried. If indirect cost such as the value of lost water and traffic disruption, service interruption, etc. is calculated as 30 and 100% of the direct cost, the financially optimum replacement time is advanced 3 to 9 years. These ways present rational criteria to establish long-term plan for budget and to execute the limited budget efficiently.

• 대한가정학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한가정학회 1997년도 Program & Abstracts * The 7th Korea-Japan Home Economics Joint Syposium
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• pp.197-197
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• 1997

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제13권
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• pp.127-140
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• 2003

Although there have been continual researches in the project scheduling problems since 1960s, the main interest has been how to improve the efficiency of a single project. The minimization problem of the project completion time given a preassigned budget might be an example. This kind of the problem is important, but estimating of the proper budget for a project may also be very important. This research deals with the budget allocation problem for the multiple project. This research is unique in that the project scheduling techniques are used for the budgeting problem. Therefore, this research may be used as a strategic decision model for the multiple large projects in public sector.