• 농약과학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.397-402
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• 2008

Emamectin benzoate와 pyridaben에 대한 담배가루이의 잔효성과 섭식행동의 상관관계를 조사하였다. EPG의 파형은 non-probe time과 phloem phase time과 같은 파형을 신호개시 후 3시간 동안 기록하여 분석하였다. EPG 파형 중 non-probe time과 phloem phase time의 두 파형과 emamectin benzoate와 Pyridaben의 두 약제 간 잔효성의 상관관계 분석에서 모두 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 잔효성은 두 약제 모두 2일까지는 50%로 비슷하였으나, 그 이후로는 pyridaben보다 emamectin benzoate가 급격히 감소하였다. EPG를 이용한 두 약제의 잔효성에 따른 구침을 찌른 시간과 체관부 섭식행동은 9일 이후부터 증가하는 경향을 보였으며, emamectin benzoate가 pyridaben보다 증가하는 속도가 빨랐다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권9호
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• pp.108-115
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• 2018

단세대 기술의 확산 거동에 대한 이해는 시간의 변화가 주요한 확산 인자로 고려되었으나, 다세대 기술의 확산거동은 시간의 변화 외에 다양한 인자들을 고려할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 다세대 기술의 확산경로를 분석하기 위해 가격 및 기술적 성능의 추가적인 인자들을 발굴하여 '시간, 가격, 성능' 차원의 확산경로를 정의하였고, 정의된 다차원 확산경로를 바탕으로 다세대 기술인 반도체 산업에 대해 확산경로를 추적하였다. 반도체 산업에 대한 사례 연구 결과 기술 확산경로는 '가격과 기술적 성능으로 구성되는 면적이 최대한 커지는 방향'으로 확산되는 거동을 보였다. 본 연구는 다세대 기술의 확산 거동을 다차원에 기반하여 분석하였고, 성숙 및 초기 단계의 다세대 기술들의 확산 거동에 대해 예측 가능하다는 이론적 의의를 지니고 있다. 또한 다세대 기술 산업의 연구개발 및 마케팅 담당자들에게도 시장 진입 및 퇴출 시기, 고객의 경제적 및 기술적 요구조건 파악을 위해 실무적으로도 의의가 있다.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.157-161
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• 2011

The study for traffic safety improvement is so necessary to minimize the wound of pedestrian at car impact as to prevent pedestrian from this accident. This study aims at analyzing the behavior affected by impact on which car body hits pedestrian. Load and damage of pedestrian are also investigated. This model is the small car body as frame structure. The pedestrian is modeled with dummy by CATIA as Korean standard body style. The ear impacts the side of pedestrian with the speed from 30 to 90km/h. Behavior and damage of pedestrian at impact are analyzed by ANSYS. In case of 30km/h, The maximum pressure of dummy becomes the maximum value of 100MPa after the elapsed time of 0.1second and then seems to remain at 105MPa constantly. In case of 60km/h, its pressure becomes the maximum value of 110MPa at the elapsed time of 0.05second and decreases at 90MPa until the elapsed time of 0.1second. This value fluctuates after the elapsed time of 0.1second. In case of 90km/h, its maximum pressure becomes the maximum value of 155MPa at the elapsed time of 0.07second and fluctuates after the elapsed time of 0.07second until O.3second. This value seems to remain at 100MPa constantly after 0.3second until 0.5second. But this pressure increases suddenly just after 0.5second. Maximum deformations of dummy increase linearly according to elapsed time at hitting velocities of 30, 60 and 90km/h.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.345-351
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• 2014

본 연구의 목적은 간호사의 시간관리 행동 유형에 따른 직무만족과 조직몰입 차이를 파악하기 위함이다. 208명의 간호사를 대상으로 2012. 8 - 2013. 1월까지 구조화된 설문지를 통해 자료를 수집하였으며 수집된 자료는 서술적 통계, K-means 군집분석, one-way ANOVA로 분석하였다. 연구결과 간호사의 시간관리 행동 유형은 무관심형, 성과지향형, 조급형 및 선택과 집중형으로 분류되었다. 성과지향형과 선택과 집중형의 간호사들은 바람직한 시간관리 행동을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 선택과 집중형과 성과지향형의 바람직한 시간관리 행동 유형에서 직무만족 점수가 유의하게 높은 것으로 나타나 시간관리 전략을 통해 조직유효성에 긍정적 영향을 줄 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.13-21
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• 2017

Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the nutrition quotient (NQ) by mother's parenting style which may influence the NQ in preschool children. Methods: Subjects were 310 mothers and their 4-6 year old children. The questionnaire composed of demographic characteristics, mother's parenting style at meal time and eating behavior as measured by NQ questions. The NQ questions consisted of 19 food behavior checklist items and all items were grouped into 5 factors: balance, diversity, moderation, regularity, and practice. Mother's parenting style was classified by using words for nutrition education at meal time. All data were statistically analyzed by SPSS program (Ver. 23) and the statistical differences in variables were evaluated by Student's t-test, ${\chi}^2$-test, One-way ANOVA. Results: We observed that in children whose mothers use the parenting style at meal time of 'explanation' and 'compliment & cheer up' had high dietary regularity, diversity, practice. The children of mothers who use the parenting style at meal time of 'persuasion' and 'reward' were found to have a lower degree of balance, diversity, and practice. Especially, children of 'reward' style mothers had lower moderation of dietary life. On the other hand, among the parenting style at meal time of 'comparison & demand', 'treating' and 'faire', there was no significant difference in the NQ factor by each group. NQ grade was higher among those who used more explanation (p < 0.001) and persuasion (p < 0.01) and with use of less persuasion (p < 0.01) and reward (p < 0.01). The positive association observed between the frequency of dietary education of mothers and higher NQ grade indicated the degree of dietary practices of those children. On the other hand, the children of mothers who rarely practice the dietary education at home had lower NQ grade (p < 0.001). Conclusions: In order to promote children's proper dietary behaviors, it is important to provide nutrition education to children as well as provide guidance on parenting style at meal time.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.52-64
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• 1999

QoS monitoring is a kind of real-time systems which allows each level of the system to track the ongoing QoS levels achieved by the lower network layers. For these systems, real-time communications between corresponding transport protocol objects is essential for their correct behavior. When two or more entities are employed to perform a certain task as in the case of communication protocols, the capability to do so is called interoperability and considered as the essential aspect of correctness of communication systems. This paper describes a formal approach on modeling and interoperability test case generation of a real-time QoS monitoring protocol. For this, we specify the behavior of flow monitoring of transport layer QoS protocol, i.e., METS protocol, which is proposed to address QoS from an end-to-end's point of view, based on QoS architecture model which includes ATM net work in lower layers. We use a real-time Input/Output finite State Machine to model the behavior of real-time flow monitoring over time. From the modeled real-time I/OFSM, we generate interoperability test cases to check the correctness of METS protocol's flow monitoring behaviors for two end systems. A new approach to efficient interoperability testing is described and the method of interoperability test cases generation is shown with the example of METS protocol's flow monitoring. The current TTCN is not appropriate for testing real-time and multimedia systems. Because test events in TTCN are for message-based system and not for stream-based systems, the real-time in TTCN can only be approximated. This paper also proposes the notation of real-time Abstract Test Suite by means of real-time extension of TTCN. This approach gives the advantages that only a few syntactical changes are necessary, and TTCN and real-time TTCN are compatible. This formal approach on interoperability testing can be applied to the real-time protocols related to IMT-2000, B-ISDN and real-time systems.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.355-367
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• 1994

In consumer behavior, money and time have been considered as two important resources as purchase means. Money was treated as an important research variable, but time resource was neglected as an input variable due to lack of well-defined concept and complexity of its nature. Nontheless as industralization and urbanization progress, the importance of time has in- creased. The main objective of this study was to suggest framework of time and time research methodology in clothing and textiles field. This study reviewed both theoretical and empirical research which were performed in diverse research fields. It was suggested that time facotrs, (eg. point, interval, span), should be defined to each decision process as needed, and theoretical frame should be developed accordingly. Time pressure should be included in future for more reliable survey Finally, since clothing can be a personal object, the subjective feeling and environmental factors scold be considered in research.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제36권6B호
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• pp.697-709
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• 2011

차량과 같은 이동환경에서 무선 인터넷 서비스를 사용할 때, 불필요하게 발생하는 핸드오버는 서비스 품질 저하와 시그널링 오버헤드를 유발하여 실시간 멀티미디어 서비스 제공에 단점으로 작용한다. 본 논문에서는 Mobile Node (MN)가 일정한 이동패턴을 가지고 있을 때, Mobility behavior profile을 이용하여 생성한 DTMC을 이용하여 핸드오버의 발생 횟수를 감소시켜 무선 인터넷 서비스를 향상시킬 수 있는 핸드오버 방법을 제안한다. 기존 핸드오버 방법을 반복적으로 수행하며 Mobility behavior profile을 학습하고, Mobility behavior profile 에 충분한 양이 학습되면 Mobility behavior profile을 이용하여 DTMC의 1-step & 2-step transition probability matrix를 생성한다. 그 이후에는 DTMC의 1-step & 2-step transition probability matrix를 이용하여 핸드오버를 수행하며 Mobility behavior profile을 계속 업데이트한다. 4개의 Mobility model에서의 실험을 통하여 평균 핸드오버 횟수와 평균 RSSI값, 그에 따른 Throughput을 비교한다.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.37-56
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• 1983

It is well known that smoking habit is hazardous to health, especially for juvenile. The present study on smoking behavior of high school students in Seoul has two major objectives. The first objective is to find out the smoking behavior of high school students in Seoul. Toward this objective, individual's smoking experience has been examined as ever smoking and never smoking. The second objective is to determine the variables associated with their smoking behavior at the individual, family and school environment levels. For the data collection, the survey was carried out for the four high schools in Seoul from September 15 through October 15, 1982. The major findings are summarized as follows: 1. Smoking behavior of the students 1) Out of 1,278 respondents, 30.2% of them were found to be current smokers and 29.3% of them were former smokers. This implies that around 60% of school students in Seoul have experienced smoking. 2) A significant differences in the current smoking rates between two types of the school students were shown as 19.3% for day-time school and 42% for night-time school. 3) In terms of the current smoking behavior, the students who don't live with parents were higher in smoking rate than those of the living with parents. 2. Attitudes and knowledge about smoking 1) Attitudes of students toward smoking in high school days were shown that around 17% of them agreed with it and around 64% of them disagreed with it. 2) Around 99% of the respondents answered that their smoking is harmful for health. A source of the information about negative effects of smoking on health was 'Radio and TV' (23.9%) as the most influential, 'school teacher' (20.9%), 'Newspaper' (18.2%) and so on. 3. Behavioral analysis for the current smokers 1) The factors affected for motivation in the first smoking were 'curiosity' (59.7%), 'temptation of friend' (19.7%), 'resistance feeling, (7.1%), 'merely interest and pleasure' (6%) respectively. 2) The time of the first smoking was 'third grade of Junior-high school' (31.5%) as highest, 'first grade of Senior-high school' (23.7%) and 'second grade of Junior-high school' (14.7%). 3) An average daily number of cigarettes consuming of current smokers was seven cigarettes. 4. Family and school-mates influences on individual's smoking behavior 1) The data revealed a significant relationship between student's smoking and their parent's smoking behavior. Around 75% of the students whom both parents are smoking have experienced cigarette smoking. It was found that the individual's smoking behavior was influenced by his sibling. Around 65% of the students whom brothers are smoking have experienced cigarette smoking. 2) The 'Smoking-Index' of friendship network or a group explained individual's smoking behavior in the group. The result of dyad analysis of smoking behavior in the friendship network showed that a high score of 'Smoking-Index' tended to be explained an adoption of smoking behavior at the individual level in the group. on the other hand, a low score of 'Smoking-Index' explained non-smoking behavior in the group.

• 한국CDE학회논문집
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2007

In this paper, we present a machining time estimation algorithm for 5-axis high-speed machining. Estimation of machining time plays an important role in process planning and production scheduling of a shop. In contrast to the rapid evolution of machine tools and controllers, machining time calculation is still based on simple algorithms of tool path length divided by input feedrates of NC data, with some additional factors from experience. We propose an algorithm based on 5-axis machine behavior in order to predict machining time more exactly. For this purpose, we first investigated the operational characteristics of 5-axis machines. Then, we defined some dominant factors, including feed angle that is an independent variable for machining speed. With these factors, we have developed a machining time calculation algorithm that has a good accuracy not only in 3-axis machining, but also in 5-axis high-speed machining.