• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.168-173
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• 2001

Background and Objectives： The introduction of highly sensitive imaging techniques has made it possible to detect many non-palpable nodules, or“incidentaloma”in the thyroid. Discovery of these lesions raises concerns about their malignancy, but the optimal strategy for managing these lesions has not been clearly established. This study was designed to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic exam with new diagnostic criteria and presume the value of mass screening for thyroid cancer. Materials and Methods : Mass screening for thyroid cancer were carried out in conjunction with mass screening for breast cancer. The subjects were 630 women aged 30 years or over. Thyroid glands were examined with 10 MHz transducer ultrasonography by one radiologist. Needle aspiration biopsy were performed when suspicious of malignancy under the new diagnostic criteria. Results and Conclusion : The new ultrasonographic criteria to diagnose thyroid cancer provided useful information and ensured more accurate evaluation. 7 cases of thyroid cancer were discovered and successfully managed. It should be further demonstrated that there is sufficient value of mass screening for thyroid cancer to perform it independently despite early cancer detection.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.141-151
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• 2018

Objectives: This paper aims to report the effects of Korean medical treatment on three patients who underwent thyroid lobectomy for thyroid cancer. Methods: Three patients were hospitalized at hospital to treat pain and general weakness after thyroid lobectomy. The patients took Korean medical treatment including herbal medicine and acupuncture. Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) of symptoms was measured every morning. Results: After the treatment, the pain and general weakness following surgery decreased, and general conditions improved. Conclusions: This cases show that Korean medical treatment is effective for a patients who underwent thyroid lobectomy for thyroid cancer.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.164-168
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• 1997

Multiple primary tumors in the head and neck are not uncommon, however those in the thyroid and the larynx are known to be very rare. In most cases of multiple primary tumors involving the thyroid and the larynx, lesions are observed usually simultaneously and thyroid tumors are found incidentally during the laryngeal tumor surgery. In rare cases, thyroid tumors are found metachronously after radiation therapy of laryngeal cancer. The authors recently experienced a case of multiple primary tumor involving the thyroid and the larynx, in which thyroid papillary carcinoma was the index tumor and the laryngeal squamous carcinoma was the meatachronous second tumor. Both tumors showed aggressive local extension and regional nodal meatastasis with tumor collision in the same node. The patient died of recurrent or of residual squamous carcinoma shortly after main surgical treatment index thyroid cancer.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.4689-4692
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• 2016

Purpose: To study the clinical application value of ultrasound guided thyroid fine needle aspiration biopsy and thinprep cytology testing in diagnosis of thyroid disease. Methods: A total of 78 patients with thyroid nodules were enrolled, 34 males and 44 females, aged 33-64 years old with mean age of 47.6 years. All underwent thyroid module fine needle puncture after surgery to assess cell pathology and histopathological features. Results: Sufficient specimens were obtained from all of 78 patients, the cytological results of 73 cases (93.6 %) being consistent with pathological results. While 20 cases (25.6 %) were malignant tumors, 44 (56.4 %) were benign and 9 (11.5 %) were non-tumor lesions. The sensitivity of benign and malignant thyroid nodule by thyroid fine needle puncture was 90.9 %, specificity was 98.1 % and the positive predictive value was 96.3 %. Conclusions: It is demonstrated that ultrasound-guided thyroid fine needle aspiration biopsy and thinprep cytology testing have diagnostic value in clinical application for thyroid disease,showing good diagnostic coincidence rates with histopathological examination. They can thus be regarded as safe and effective for preoperative diagnosis and providing an appropriate basis for selection of surgery.

• Neonatal Medicine
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.244-247
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• 2009

Thyroid hemiagenesis is a rare congenital anomaly in which one thyroid lobe fails to develop. Thyroid hemiagenesis usually does not cause clinical symptoms by itself, therefore, this anomaly is detected incidentally during the evaluation of other thyroid disorders. We describe a rare case of thyroid hemiagenesis in a 1-month-old female infant who presented with prolonged jaundice and abnormal laboratory findings of congenital hypothyroidism. The patient showed the characteristic features of thyroid hemiagenesis of the left lobe in Tc-99m pertechnetate scintigraphy and ultrasonography of the thyroid gland. The patient has improved with supportive care, including thyroid hormone replacement. Further long-term follow-up is required for the investigation of recurrence of thyroid abnormalities.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.56-58
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• 2001

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma, which is one of the most aggressive tumors of the thyroid, has been seldomly reposted to have altered thyroid function. There have been few reports of patients with anaplastic thyroid cancer presenting in a hyperthyroid state. In the literatures, the mechanism of hyperthyroidism in anaplastic thyroid cancer is supposed that the rapid invasive growth of cancer seems to cause destruction of thyroid tissue and develops a hyperthyroid state, which is thought to be anlalogous to that of subacute thyroiditis and several types of metastatic cancer of the thyroid: rapid tissue necrosis with resultant release of thyroid hormone. Recently, we experienced a case of anaplastic thyroid cancer presenting with rapid growing mass and hyperthyroidism in a 67-year-old woman and report it with the review of the literatures.

• International journal of thyroidology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.117-122
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• 2018

Metastases to regional cervical lymph nodes occur frequently in patients with thyroid cancer. The appropriate management of regional lymph node is important to achieve good disease control and to classify risk stratification for adjuvant radioactive iodine. However, there are some occasions that neck dissection is difficult and embarrassing in thyroid cancer. Especially, extensive or unusual nodal metastases bring challenges and makes neck dissection more difficult. Carotid artery management is one of the most difficult procedure in neck dissection. The management of patients who have persistent or recurrent cervical metastasis involving the carotid artery has been controversial and treatment dilemma to the surgeon. Metastasis of well differentiated thyroid cancer to the retropharyngeal lymph nodes is rare but occasionally encountered. The complete surgical excision is usually recommended for retropharyngeal lymph node metastasis of well differentiated thyroid cancer. An extensive mediastinal dissection in advanced differentiated thyroid carcinoma is occasionally required. This paper will review recent reports of management of advanced nodal metastasis of thyroid cancer and share the author's personal experience.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.485-487
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• 2008

Ectopic thyroid is not common disease and double ectopic thyroid is rare. Until January of 2008, dual ectopic thyroid has been reported only 23 cases in international literatures. Tc-99m sodium pertechnetate scan is playing an important role in the diagnosis of ectopic thyroid. In most of the cases, dual lingual thyroid tissues could be detected as two radiotracer uptake foci. We report a case of dual lingual thyroid mimicking mono-lingual thyroid in the anterior view of thyroid scan. Lateral view helped in this case to detect the dual lingual thyroid. With lateral view, the anatomical position and relationship could be examined in more detail.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.442-446
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• 1995

Thyroid carcinomas are usually classified as papillary thyroid carcinoma, follicular thyroid carcinoma, medullary thyroid carcinoma and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. Among the thyroid carcinomas, the incidence of medullary and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is low, but the rate of lymph node & distant metastasis from them are more common compared to other types. Follicular thyroid carcinoma has a low rate of lymph node metastasis as 10% and has a high occurrence of hematogenous metastasis to lung, bone, brain and liver. Papillary thyroid carcinoma accounts for $60{\sim}70%$ of whole thyroid carcinomas and the cervical lymph node metastasis is $21{\sim}81%$ including micrometastasis, but the distant metastasis is rare. In the case of bone metastasis, follicular type reveals most frequent, and the rate is about 5%, and more likely to be found on vertebra, pelvis, ribs, femur, and skull. The clinical symptoms of bone metastasis are pain, swelling, pathological fracture and radiologically osteolytic lesions can be observed. But distant metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma is very rare and especially, bone metastasis has hardly been reported. The treatment modalities of metastatic thyroid carcinoma to mandible are known as follows : thyroidectomy to treat primary site, resection of the affected site of mandible, external beam radiotherapy and radioiodine therapy etc.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.5-8
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• 2016

Background and Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and the feasibility of thyroidectomy for aged (${\geq}75$ years old) thyroid cancer by reviewing postoperative morbidity and pathologic characteristics. Materials & Methods: The clinical records of patients submitted to thyroid operation between 2014 and 2015 with histopathological diagnosis of thyroid cancer were analyzed. Clinical variables included age, gender, preoperative symptom, final pathology, length of stay, comorbidities, American Society of Anesthesiologists score, postoperative complications, and mortality. Results: There were 30 patients aged more than 75 years old, and only one patient passed over with postoperative pneumonia. There were 8 male and 22 female patients. Half of the patients presented with symptoms such as palpable mass (33.3%), voice change (6.7%) and dyspnea (6.7%). The pathologic diagnosis was thyroid cancer in all cases. The median postoperative hospitalization time was 4 days. There was one perioperative mortality case observed in this study. Conclusion: Thyroid surgery in patients 75 years or older can be performed except extensive surgical resection. Aggressive histology and extent of surgery may be an important factor of perioperative mortality and morbidity.