• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.185-190
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• 2012

A total of 800 one-day-old chickens (Cobb 500) were obtained from a local hatchery and allocated randomly to five dietary treatments. This study conducted for 42 d. Treatment groups included 1) CON (control), 2) T0.3 (0.3% of thyme extract), 3) T0.6 (0.6% of thyme extract), 4) G0.3 (0.3% of garlic extract) and 5) G0.6 (0.6% of garlic extract). Thyme extract included $90{\mu}g/ml$ Carvacrol and 400 mg/ml thymol while garlic extract included 100 mg/ml elastin. There were no significant effects among the treatments on weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio over the entire trial. Also, no significant differences were observed between CON group and other treatments in plasma parameters (cholesterol, triglyceride and HDL) and hematocrit. Sex of chickens had no effect on blood parameters. Supplementation of herb extracts did not affect carcass characteristics including carcass yield, breast, thigh and abdominal fat. There were no significant differences observed in carcass characteristics between males and females fed with different levels of herb extracts. In conclusion, supplementation of garlic and thyme extracts as feed additives at two levels of 3 and 6% in the present study did not improve performance and carcass traits of broiler chicks.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.2.1-2.12
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• 2023

Objectives: In this study, natural substances were introduced as primary dental pulp caps for use in pulp therapy, and the antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties of these substances were investigated. Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, the antimicrobial properties of calcium-enriched mixture (CEM) cement, propolis, and propolis individually combined with the extracts of several medicinal plants were investigated against Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. Then, the cytotoxicity of each substance or mixture against pulp stem cells extracted from 30 primary healthy teeth was evaluated at 4 concentrations. Data were gathered via observation, and optical density values were obtained using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) test and recorded. SPSS software version 23 was used to analyze the data. Data were evaluated using 2-way analysis of variance and the Tukey test. Results: Regarding antimicrobial properties, thyme alone and thyme + propolis had the lowest minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against the growth of S. aureus, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa bacteria. For E. faecalis, thyme + propolis had the lowest MIC, followed by thyme alone. At 24 and 72 hours, thyme + propolis, CEM cement, and propolis had the greatest bioviability in the primary dental pulp stem cells, and lavender + propolis had the lowest bioviability. Conclusions: Of the studied materials, thyme + propolis showed the best results in the measures of practical performance as a dental pulp cap.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.218-223
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• 2001

양파김치 제조에 사용된 양파, 로즈마리, 타임엑기스의 기능성은 다음과 같다. 대두유를 이용한 과산화물가의 변화는 배양 2일부터 증가하기 시작하였는데 로즈마리엑기스는 BHA, BHT와 비슷한 항산화효과를 나타냈으며, 양파엑기스는 BHA, BHT에 비하여 높았으나 대조구보다는 약간 낮아 항산화효과가 있음을 나타내었고 타임엑기스는 거의 항산화효과가 없는 것으로 나타났다. Thiocyanate방법에 의한 항산화력의 효과는 12일간 4$0^{\circ}C$에서 배양하면서 측정한 결과 BHT, BHA, 로즈마리엑기스, 양파엑기스 순으로 항산화 효과를 보여 주었으나 타임엑기스는 POV값의 변화에서와 마찬가지로 항산화효과가 없는 것으로 생각된다. 그람 양성균 7종, 그람 음성균 3종, 효모 2종, 곰팡이 2종 등 모두 14균주를 사용해 항균활성을 검색한 결과 양파엑기스는 거의 모든 그람 양성균에 항균활성을 보여주나 식중독과 관련된 대장균이나 살모넬라균에는 거의 활성을 나타내지 않았으며, 효모와 곤팡이에 대하여도 거의 활성을 나타내지 못하였다. 로즈마리엑기스도 모든 그람 양성균에 대하여 항균활성을 보여주었으며 특히 김치숙성과 관련된 Lac. plantrarum에 강한 활성을 나타내었고 E. coli와 Salmonella typhimurium에도 활성을 보여주었다. 타임엑기스는 그람 양성균에만 약한 항균활성을 보여주나 그 외의 균에 대하여는 거의 활성을 나타내주지 않았다. 혈중알콜농도 측정 결과 양파엑기스, 로즈마리엑기스 및 타임엑기스는 농도 의존적으로 혈중 alcohol을 감소시켜 숙취에 어느정도 효과가 있는 것으로 생각된다. 항고혈압 실험결과 대조군인 propranolol 투여군은 투여 후 3일째부터 유의성 있는 혈압강하 작용을 나타내었으며 양파엑기스는 투여후 3일째부터 6일째까지 지속적으로 유의성 있는 혈압강하 작용을 보여 주었으나 로즈마리엑기스는 아무런 영향이 없었으며 타임엑기스는 오히려 상승하는 경향이 있었다.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제63권1호
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• pp.111-116
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• 2020

타임, 바질, 로즈마리 등 20종의 허브 식물에 대한 80% 에탄올 추출물의 항산화 활성을 분석하였다. 탐색 대상 허브 식물 중 타임 추출물의 총 폴리페놀 함량은 6.90±0.02 mg CAE/100 g로 높은 값을 보였으며, 총 플라보노이드 함량은 1.71±0.19 mg NE/100 g으로 가장 높았다. 또한 DPPH radical 소거능은 93.14±0.23%로 매우 높은 수준의 항산화 활성을 나타냈다. 타임으로부터 플라보노이드를 추출하기 위하여 용매로서 물, 에탄올, 메탄올, 헥산 중 추출수율이 높은 헥산을 추출용매로 선정하였다. 반응표면분석법을 이용하여 타임 추출물의 최적화 추출조건으로 추출온도는 35.9 ℃, 농도는 1.63%, 시간은 192분이었다. 예측된 조건으로 제조한 타임 n-헥산 추출물의 총 플라보노이드 함량은 예측 값의 96.3%로 반응표면분석법에 의한 추출조건 최적화의 신뢰성이 검증되었다. 이상의 최적화된 추출 조건은 플라보노이드의 생산을 위한 타임의 용매추출 조건으로서 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.373-378
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• 1998

김치가 젖산발효식품으로서의 특성을 유지하면서 보존성을 증진시키는 방안의 일환으로, 김치의 젖산 생성량이 낮은 초기 숙성균인 Leuconostoc mesenteroides의 생육에는 무관하면서 김치의 산패에 관여하는 Lactobacillus plantarum을 선택적으로 저해할 수 있는 항균제를 탐색하기 위하여 10여종의 향신료로부터 얻은 에탄올추출물의 항균효과를 조사하였다. Paper disc법에 의한 향신료 추출물의 항균력을 측정한 결과 10여종의 향신료 추출물중 cardamon, thyme 및 cumin의 에탄올추출물은 Lac. plantarum을 선택적으로 저해시키는 항균효과를 나타내었다. 또한 농도별에 따른 cardamon 및 thyme 추출물은 4%에서, cumin 추출물은 1% 이상의 농도에서 항균효과를 나타내었다. SDS-PAGE 및 투과전자현미경의 결과의 분석을 통하여 향신료 에탄을 추출물의 주요 항균작용은 균체 세포벽 및 세포막을 약화시키며 이로 인하여 균체세포의 내용물을 세포외로 유출시킴으로서 성장을 저해 또는 사멸시키는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.899-907
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• 2007

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of herbs, including rosemary, thyme, oregano, ginger, and green tea, on the quality characteristics and antioxidant activity of Yagkwa. After 16 days of storage at $60^{\circ}C$, all the herb-added samples showed significantly lower values for acid, TEA and peroxide than the control. The samples with rosemary and thyme showed significantly higher antioxidant activities than the other samples. The samples with rosemary and ginger showed significantly lower L-values than the control sample and the samples with thyme, oregano and green tea showed significantly lower a-values than the control. For the b-value, the control sample had the highest value. In the sensory evaluation of the Yakgwa, there were no significant differences between the samples in terms of color, flavor and texture. For overall acceptability, the rosemary-added sample showed the highest score among the samples and the thyme-added sample showed a significantly lower score than the control. In the texture analysis, all the herb-added samples, except for green tea, showed higher hardness than the control. In conclusion, the addition of herbs would be a useful way to enhance the antioxidant quality of yakgwa and rosemary would be the best choice when considering antioxidant activity and sensory characteristics.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제30권8호
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• pp.1149-1155
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• 2020

Silage is one of the main feed components of ruminants around the world and can make up about 50-80% of the rations of dairy cows during the winter. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usability of oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) and thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) aqueous and ethanol extracts to improve the hygienic quality of perennial ryegrass, red clover and blue alfalfa silage samples and estimate their effect on mycotoxins concentrations. Under laboratory conditions, 63 silage samples (21 perennial ryegrass, 21 blue alfalfa, 21 red clover) were fermented with inserted aqueous and ethanol extracts of oregano and thyme and two commercial inoculants with mesophilic lactic acid bacteria. After 96 days of fermentation, in silage samples were established fermentation parameters, microbiological status and mycotoxins concentrations. It was determined that the best results for achieving hygienic quality of perennial ryegrass and red clover silage samples was by insertion of aqueous and ethanol extracts of oregano and thyme. In blue alfalfa samples, the best results of silage hygienic indicators were determined by inserting aqueous and ethanol extracts of oregano. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEA) and T-2 toxin concentrations in perennial ryegrass, red clover and blue alfalfa silage samples were best reduced by inserting aqueous and ethanol extracts of oregano and thyme. The present study shows that these extracts can be used to improve silage hygienic quality, reduce mycotoxins concentrations and thus ensure the wellness of cattle.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.259-267
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• 2020

Objectives: The purpose of this research was to examine the correlation between aroma preferences and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) subscales. Methods: We analyzed the survey results of the aroma preference test and MMPI-2 from 109 university student samples. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, the independent t-test, and Pearson's correlation analysis. Results: 1. Clinical scales of MMPI-2 Hs showed a low positive correlation with lavender; MMPI-2 D with ylang-ylang, thyme, and lavender; MMPI-2 Hy with lavender; MMPI-2 Pd with thyme and lavender; MMPI-2 Mf with clary sage and lavender; MMPI-2 Pa with clary sage and lavender; MMPI-2 Pt with thyme and lavender; and MMPI-2 Sc with thyme and lavender. MMPI-2 D and Si showed a low negative correlation with rosemary; and MMPI-2 Mf, Pt, and Si with rose. 2. Restructured clinical scales RC1 showed a low positive correlation with ylang-ylang and lavender; RC2 with thyme and lavender; RC4 with jasmine; and RC6 with clary sage and lavender. RC2 and RC7 showed a low negative correlation with rosemary; RC4 with peppermint; and RC6 and RC8 with frankincense. Conclusions: According to the result of the aroma preference test, men preferred clary sage and women preferred rose. Peppermint was the most preferred aroma, while Roman chamomile was the least preferred aroma.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.30-36
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• 2006

Tofu samples with added herbs (green tea, rosemary, lavender and thyme) were prepared. The yield of the herb tofus was higher than that of the control tofu. The L value of the control tofu was higher than that of the herb tofus, whereas the b values were lower. The herb tofus had generally lower pH than the control tofu. Especially, lavender tofu showed the lowest pH. Under SEM examination, the control tofu showed a rough folding surface, whereas the green tea and lavender tofus had small air cell size and smooth surface. Most textural characteristics did not show significant difference among the tofu groups. However, chewiness and hardness of the thyme tofu were the lowest. In the sensory evaluation, the herb tofus had low scores in air cell size and a beany smell, but high scores in herb smell and hardness.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.429-438
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• 2017

For centuries, plants have been used for a wide variety of purposes, from treating infectious diseases to food preservation and perfume production. Presently, the increasing resistance of microorganisms to currently used antimicrobials in combination with the appearance of emerging diseases requires the urgent development of new, more effective drugs. Plants, due to the large biological and structural diversity of their components, constitute a unique and renewable source for the discovery of new antibacterial, antifungal, and antiparasitic compounds. In the present paper, the history, composition, and antimicrobial activities of the basil, oregano, and thyme essential oils are reviewed.