• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.949-953
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• 2001

Persimmon has been considered to have a therapeutic value diseases in Korea, Dried, persimmon was applied to a wounded part for an anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities, Anti-coagulating activity has been detected in persimmon by a thrombin-induced clotting assay using human plasma. The anti-coagulating activity was detectible in stem, pulp, core, leaf, and seed of persimmon The stem part of persimmon contains maximal anti-coagulating activity after-size-fractionation. Both of an anticoagulant and its denaturating factor were present in persimmon pulp. The concentration of anti-coagulating activity was determined and compared in different harvesting time, species, and available foods. The level of anti-coagulating activity was highest in persimmon(Fuyu)harvested in November. The anti-coagulating activity was decreased significantly in its processed foods. Persimmon could be expected to be effective in prevention of diseases induced by excess coagulation.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.182-186
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• 2000

Chondroitin sulfates proteoglycans were isolated from human placenta. For the identification of enzymatic digestion products of isolated proteoglycan, strong anion exchange-high performance liquid chromatography (SAX-HPLC) was performed. By the action of chondroitin ABC and chondroitin B lyase, three unsaturated disaccharides 2-acetamide-2-deoxy-3-O-($\beta$-D-gluco-4-enepyranosyluronic acid)-D-galactose ($\delta$Di-OS), 2-acetamide-2-deoxy-3-O-($\beta$-D-gluco-4-enepyranosyluronic acid)-6-O-su lfo-D-galactose ($\delta$Di-6S) and 2-acetamide-2-deoxy-3-O-($\beta$-D-gl uco-4-enepyranosyluronic acid)-4-O-sulfo-D-galactose ($\delta$Di-4S) were produced from the human placenta proteoglycan. The anticoagulant activity of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan was evaluated by activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) assay and thrombin time (TT) assay. The clotting times of aPTT and TT were increased from 72 to 144 sec and 19 to 27 sec, respectively. The Immune-modulating activity of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan was examined by cell proliferation assay and these results suggest that it may play a role in suppression of the function of immune-related cells.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.28 no.9
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• pp.1068-1075
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• 2018

Kaempferia parviflora, an herbaceous plant in the family Zingiberaceae, is popular in many tropical regions. It is called as black ginger or krachaidum in Thailand and Laos, and its raw or dried root have been used as spices and teas. The rhizomes also have been traditionally used to treat gastrointestinal disorders, ulcers, gout, dysentery, allergies and to improve physical work capacity. Recently, its anti-obesity, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and blood clot-lysis activities were reported. In this study, the anti-thrombosis activity of black ginger was investigated, since improvement in blood fluidity leads to the prevention of various lifestyle-related diseases. The hot water and ethanol extract and their subsequent solvent fractions (hexane, ethylacetate, butanol fractions and water residue) were prepared, and their anti-coagulation and platelet aggregation inhibitory activities were determined, respectively. Among the black ginger extracts and their fractions, the ethylacetate fraction (EAF) of ethanol extract only showed significant extensions of blood coagulation time determined by thrombin time (TT), prothrombin time (PT), and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). At 5 mg/ml concentration, TT, PT and aPTT were extended to 1.22, 1.49 and >15-folds compared to non-treatment. The EAFs of ethanol and hot water extract showed strong inhibitions against collagen-induced platelet aggregations, which are comparable to inhibitions of aspirin. Also the EAFs from black ginger did not show any hemolysis activity against human RBC up to 0.5 mg/ml. Our results suggest that the EAF of black ginger has a potential as novel anti-coagulation and ant-platelet aggregation agent. This report provides the first evidence of anti-coagulation activity of black ginger.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.32 no.8
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• pp.633-640
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• 2022

Recently, kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) has been highlighted due to its rapid growth in dry, infertile land and its versatile applications in textiles, paper, feed, food, medicine, and phyto-remediation. In Korea, a new cultivar, 'Jangdae', which has the merit of feasible seed-gathering, was established in 2013. However, most of the kenaf seeds used are still imported, and a comparison study of useful bio-activities between Jangdae and imported seeds has not been conducted. In this study, anti-thrombosis, antioxidant and anti-diabetic activities of the ethanol extracts of the Jangdae seed (E-JS) and 8 imported cultivar seeds (E-ICS) were investigated. The E-JS has 14.4 mg/g of total polyphenol and 5.3 mg/g of total flavonoids, whereas the E-ICS has 5.9~8.7 mg/g and 0.7~1.5 mg/g, respectively. Among the 9 kenaf seed extracts, IT 181215 and IT 207877 seed extracts showed 1.92 and 1.88-folds extended thrombin time (TT), and IT 207886 seed extracts showed 3.04-folds extended activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). All extracts, except Hong-ma seed, showed 1.36~1.56-folds extended prothrombin time (PT). The E-JS showed strong anti-thrombosis activities with 1.46-folds (TT), 1.38-folds (PT) and 2.37-folds (aPTT) compared to those of solvent controls. The E-JS has the strongest antioxidant activities among the seed extracts, with 0.48 mg/ml of RC₅₀ for ABTS cation and 0.27 mg/ml of RC₅₀ for nitrite scavenging. Meanwhile, the E-JS and IT 181215 extracts showed strong inhibition against α-glucosidase with 10.3~10.6% inhibition at 0.5 mg/ml. Our results suggest the E-JS has potential as an anti-thrombosis, antioxidant and anti-diabetic agent.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.8
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• pp.1323-1327
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• 2003

Persimmon has been considered to have therapeutic values for various diseases in Korea. Dried persimmon has been applied to wounded parts for anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. Anti-coagulant fraction from Persimmon stem was purified through gel filtration, phenyl Sepharose, DEAE-Sephadex and additional gel filtration column chromatographies. Its molecular weight was estimated to be 130,000 ∼ 180,000. By element analysis, its main components were C, H, and O. The anti -coagulant was heat- stable and completely inhibited after periodate oxidation, indicating that it was a complex carbohydrate.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.136-141
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• 2009

Biological activities of enzymatic hydrolysate of spirulina (EHS) were investigated. EHS showed no significant effects on the growth-stimulating activity for lactic-acid bacteria and antioxidant activity. EHS showed slight in vitro growth-inhibitory effects (15% at 1.42 mg/L) on a human cervical cancer cell line (HeLa). In addition, the anticoagulant activities of EHS were measured based on three different pathways: common, intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. As an indication of anticoagulant activity on common pathway, thrombin time (TT) of EHS (100 mg/L) was measured as 155.6 sec. Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) for intrinsic pathway of EHS (1,000 mg/L) was measured as 95.8 sec. Prothrombin time (PT) based on extrinsic pathway of EHS (1,000 mg/L) was measured as 10.6 sec. These data showed that EHS have influences on anticoagulant factors of common pathway and intrinsic pathway. Consequently it was found that EHS could be used as a functional food for blood circulation.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.271-277
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• 1999

Safety evaluation of LB71350, a new HIV-1 protease inhibitor, was performed in mice, rats and dogs. For the general behavior of mice, LB71350 at an oral dose of 200 mg/kg did not show any significant effects on muscle tone and locomotor activity. In terms of central nervous system, at oral doses of 200 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg, LB71350 inhibited acetic acid-induced pain response approximately 41% and 83% of control. respectively. At oral doses of 200 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg, it reduced the rectal body temperature in rats. Pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure in mice was slightly potentiated by oral administration of LB71350 at doses ranging from 200 mg/kg to 1000 mg/Ag. Single or five day treatment of LB71350 doubled the hexobarbital- induced sleeping time in mice at oral doses ranging from 50 mg/kg to 500 mg/kg. It did not cause any effects on gastric secretion and acidity in rat at oral doses of 200 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg and also it did not change intestinal motility in mice up to 1000 mg/kg. Blood coagulation indices such as prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and thrombin time (TT) in rats were not affected by the treatment of LB71350 up to 500 mg/kg. LB71350 caused no significant effects on the cardiac output, stroke volume, heart rate, and mean blood pressure when infused intravenously to the anesthetized rats and dogs. Taken together, LB71350 at high oral doses caused significant pharmacological effects on the central nervous system and the hexobarbital-induced sleeping time.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.195-199
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• 2002

In order to find potential anticancer agents, we extracted pheophytin in the silkworm feces from various larval stages by water, chloroform and methanol extraction. The cytotoxicity of the pheophytin extracts of various silkworm feces was measured in the CT-26 cells originated from murine metastatic colon cancer, by dye uptake assay. The cytotoxicity of those pheophytins in 2nd, 3rd and 4th instars was better than remaining larval stages. The in vitro anticoagulant and fibyinolytic activities of ethanol extract from varietal mulberry leaves, mulberry branches and silkworm feces and pheophytin extracts from silkworm feces obtained at various larval stages were evaluated in order to find effective therapeutic drugs for the treatment of myocardial and cerebral thrombosis. The fibrinolytic activity was tested using the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and thrombin time (TT) was measured for blood clotting activity. With regards to the fibrinolytic system, ethanol extracts of silkworm feces were better than varietal mulberry leaves and mulberry branches. The pheophytin extracts from 7th days of 5th instar contained the highest percentage of pheophytin and good fibrinolytic activity.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.503-511
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• 2008

An edible marine red alga, Grateloupia filicina, collected from Jeju Island of Korea was hydrolyzed by cheap food-grade carbohydrases (Viscozyme, Celuclast, AMC, Termamyl, and Ultraflo) to investigate its anticoagulant activity. Among the tested enzymatic extracts of G. filicina, a Termamyl extract showed the highest anticoagulant activity. Anion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose and gel-permeation chromatography on Sepharose-4B were used to purify the active polysaccharide from the crude polysaccharide fraction of G. filicina. The purified sulfated polysaccharide (0.42 sulfate/total sugar) showed ${\sim}1,357kDa$ molecular mass and was comprised mainly of galactose(98%) and 1-2% of glucose. The sample showed potential anticoagulant activity on activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) thrombin time (TT) assays. The purified G. filicina anticoagulant (GFA) inhibited the coagulation factor X (92%), factor II (82%), and factor VII (68%) of the coagulation cascade, and the molecular interaction (protein-polysaccharide) was highly enhanced in the presence of ATIII (antithrombin III). The dissociation constant of polysaccharide towards serine proteins decreased in the order of FXa (58.9 nM) >FIIa (74.6 nM) >FVII (109.3 nM). The low/less cytotoxicity of the polysaccharide benefits its use in the pharmaceutical industry; however, further studies that would help us to elucidate the mechanism of its activity are needed.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.369-375
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• 1997

We have isolated an anticoagulant polysaccharide from the alkali extracts of Coriolus versicolor. The anticoagulant polysaccharide was purified through a gradual ethanol precipitation and three concecutive chromatography of DEAE-Toyopearl 650C, Sephadex G-100, and Sepharose CL-6B by measuring activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). The anticoagulant polysaccharide showed the homogenecity on HPLC using a gel permeation column and had about $7.2{\times}10^{5}$ molecular weight. The polysaccharide consisted of fucose, glucose, and galactose in a molar ratio of 1.0:0.2:0.2:0.1, and also compromised 19.32% of sulfate at its constituent sugars. The polysaccharide showed the two typical bands of C-O-S $(823\;cm^{-1})$ and S=O $(1257\;cm^{-1})$ in the IR spectroscopy. The sulfated polysaccharide (CV-40-Va-1) inhibited the blood coagulation via the intrinsic pathway like heparin whose activity produced a concentration dependent effect in aPTT and thrombin time (TT).