• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.25-33
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• 2021

To extend the application of digital technology to the replication of artifacts, meticulous details of the process and the diversity of three-dimensional (3D) printing output materials need to be supplemented. Thus, in this study, a bronze mirror with Hwangbichangcheon inscription was digitalized by 3D scanning, converted into a voxel model, and virtual conservation treatment was performed using a haptic device. Furthermore, the digital mold of the bronze mirror completed by Boolean modeling was printed using a 3D sand-printer. Such contactless replication based on digital technology reflects the stability, precision, expressivity, collectivity, durability, and economic feasibility of artifacts. Its application can be further extended to cultural products as well as such areas as education, exhibition, and research. It is expected to be in high demand for metal artifacts that require casting. If empirical studies through experimental research on casting are supplemented in the future, it could extend the application of digital technology-based contactless replication methods.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.74-89
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• 2021

For higher-level requirements of urban planning and management and the recent development of "digital earth" and "digital city", it is urgent to establish protocols for the construction of three-dimensional digital city models. However, some problems still exist in the digital technology of the three-dimensional city model, such as insufficient precision of the three-dimensional model, not optimizing the scene and not considering the constraints of building codes. In view of those points, a method to interactively simulate a virtual city scene based on building codes is proposed in this paper. Firstly, some constraint functions are set up to restrict the models to adhere to the building codes, and an improved directional bounding box technique is utilized to solve the problem that geometric objects may intersect in a virtual city scene. The three-dimensional model invocation strategy is designed to convert two-dimensional layouts to a three-dimensional urban scene. A Leap Motion hardware device is used to interactively place the 3D models in a virtual scene. Finally, the design and construction of the three-dimensional scene are completed by using Unity3D. The experiment shows that this method can simulate urban virtual scenes that strictly adhere to building codes in a virtual scene of the city environment, but also provide information and decision-making functions for urban planning and management.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.188-198
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• 2021

Digital data was collected using modern three-dimensional digital technology. Current content-specific technologies were investigated through domestic and foreign cases so that three-dimensional digital technology could be applied to the utilization of various contents. First, the use of three-dimensional digital technology of architectural cultural assets has been changing from the restoration of cultural assets. Second, some of the contents produced were found to be underutilized. Third, the type of content has been changing in experience and exhibition, but the online approach was small. Fourth, digital restoration using domestic IT technology has been used as a technology to restore overseas cultural heritage. The fifth analysis of the relationship between the content types and 3D digital technologies shows the use of currently limited technologies. This study analyzed the status of digital architecture and the application of three-dimensional digital technologies to lay the foundation for the active development and utilization of content. Subsequent studies on various layers and digital technologies will be needed to revitalize digital architectural cultural assets in the future.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.12 no.2 s.28
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• pp.121-129
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• 1998

A quantitative non-contact multi-point measurement system is proposed to the measurement of three-dimensional movement of floating vessels by using digital image processing. The instantaneous three-dimensional movement of a floating structure which is floating in a small water tank is measured by this system and its three-dimensional movement is reconstructed by the measurement results. The validity of this system is verified by position identification for spatially distributed known positional values of basic landmarks set for the camera calibration. It is expected that this system is applicable to the non-contact measurement for an unsteady physical phenomenon especially for the measurement of three-dimensional movement of floating vessels in the laboratory model test.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.259-269
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• 1999

A new algorithm for measuring 3-D velocity components of high speed flows were developed using a digital image processing technique. The measuring system consists of three CCD cameras an optical instrument called AOM a digital image grabber and a host computer. The images of mov-ing particles arranged spatially on a rotation plate are taken by two or three CCD cameras and are recorderd onto the image grabber or a video tape recoder. The three-dimensionl velocity com-ponents of the particles are automatically obtained by the developed algorithm In order to verify the validity of this technique three-dimensional velocity data sets obtained from a computer simu-lation of a backward facing step flow were used as test data for the algorithm. an uncertainty analysis associated with the present algorithm is systematically evaluated, The present technique is proved to be used as a tookl for the measurement of unsteady three-dimensional fluid flows.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.365-371
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• 2012

A three-dimensional integral-floating display with 360 degree horizontal viewing angle is proposed. A lens array integrates two-dimensional elemental images projected by a digital micro-mirror device, reconstructing three-dimensional images. The three-dimensional images are then relayed to a mirror via double floating lenses. The mirror rotates in synchronization with the digital micro-mirror device to direct the relayed three-dimensional images to corresponding horizontal directions. By combining integral imaging and the rotating mirror scheme, the proposed method displays full-parallax three-dimensional images with 360 degree horizontal viewing angle.

• Korean Journal of Geomatics
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.131-137
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• 2002

The digital photogrammetric products have been increasingly used as an accurate foundation for representing information associated with infrastructure management. The technological advances in merging raster and vector data within the framework of GIS have allowed for the inclusion of DTMs and digital orthophotos with vector data and its associated attributes. This study addresses not only generating DEMs and digital orthophotos but producing three dimensional building models from aerial photos of an urban area by employing the digital photogrammetric technology. DEMs and digital orthophotos were automatically generated through the process of orientations, image matching and so on, and then the practical problems, which must be solved especially in applying to urban areas, were considered. The accuracy of produced digital orthophotos was derived by using check points. Also three dimensional visualization imagery, which is useful in the landform analysis, and 3D building models were produced. Digital photogrammetric products would be used widely not only as GIS framework data layers by using the GIS link function which links attribute and image information in the database for applying to infrastructure management and but as geospatial data for especially 3D GIS in urban areas.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.468-480
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• 1998

A flow measurement system which is able to measure the instantaneous three-dimensional velocity components and the pressure distribution of fluid flows is developed using a digital image processing system and the stereoscopic photogrammetry. This system consists of two TV cameras a digital image processor and a 32-bit microcomputer. The capability of the developed system is verified by a preliminary test in which three-dimensional displancements of moving particles arranged on a rotating plate are tracked automatically. The constructed system is through the measurement and spatial pressure distribution is also obtained. The measurement uncertainty of this system is evaluated quantitatively. The present technique is applicable to the measurement of an unsteady fluid phenomenon especially to the measurement of three-dimensional velocity field of a complex flow.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.597-606
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• 2019

Damage detection based on dynamic characteristics of a structure is one of important roles in structural damage identification. It is difficult to detect local structural damage using traditional dynamic experimental methods due to a limited number of sensors used in an experiment. In this work, a non-contact test stand of fan blades is established, and a full-field noncontact test method, combined with three-dimensional digital image correlation, Bayesian operational modal analysis, and damage indices, is used to detect local damage of a fan blade under ambient excitation without use of baseline information before structural damage. The methodology is applied to detect invisible local damage on the fan blade. Such a method has a seemingly high potential as an alternative to detect local damage of blades with complex high-precision surfaces under extreme working conditions because it is a noncontact test method and can be used under ambient excitation without human participation.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.77-88
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• 2023

Objective: To develop a method for generating three-dimensional (3D) digital models of the periodontal ligament (PDL) using 3D cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) reconstruction and to evaluate the accuracy and agreement of the 3D PDL models in the measurement of periodontal bone loss. Methods: CBCT data collected from four patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion prior to periodontal surgery were reconstructed at three voxel sizes (0.2 mm, 0.25 mm, and 0.3 mm), and 3D tooth and alveolar bone models were generated to obtain digital PDL models for the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth. Linear measurements of the alveolar bone crest obtained during periodontal surgery were compared with the digital measurements for assessment of the accuracy of the digital models. The agreement and reliability of the digital PDL models were analyzed using intra- and interexaminer correlation coefficients and Bland-Altman plots. Results: Digital models of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth, PDL, and alveolar bone of the four patients were successfully established. Relative to the intraoperative measurements, linear measurements obtained from the 3D digital models were accurate, and there were no significant differences among different voxel sizes at different sites. High diagnostic coincidence rates were found for the maxillary anterior teeth. The digital models showed high intra- and interexaminer agreement. Conclusions: Digital PDL models generated by 3D CBCT reconstruction can provide accurate and useful information regarding the alveolar crest morphology and facilitate reproducible measurements. This could assist clinicians in the evaluation of periodontal prognosis and establishment of an appropriate orthodontic treatment plan.