• 복식문화연구
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.860-876
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• 2013

The pattern cases for Korean traditional socks are named "beoseonbongip" which means a pouch to keep patterns for making "beoseon". "Beoseon" is Korean traditional socks. This study is to identify characteristics of the pattern cases and to develop cultural products based on the unique characteristics of the pattern cases. One hundred fifty one photos of "beosonbongip" were collected and quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed. Seventy percent of them were made between Joseon Dynasty and 1960s. As a result, most of the collected pattern cases are rectangular and square shapes, red color, and silk fabrics, and sizes of them are from 9cm to 15cm. A few pattern cases with different sizes and colors were also observed. Most pattern cases were made by fixing two among four triangle pieces which made by folding four tips of a rectangular or square cloth and then puting a not or a loop on the remaining triangle pieces in order to open and close the pattern cases. In a small number of the pattern cases, three of the four pieces were fixed and a button, a bead, a broach, or two nots or two loops were put on the other piece for opening and closing. Products such as apparels, bags, pouches, frames, and key holders were made using "beoseonbongip" form and construction method. This shows that "beoseonbongip" is a useful motive for creative product development.

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.24-55
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• 2010

장명등은 능묘의 능침 앞 중앙에 놓여 사자(死者)를 지키고 밝혀주는 상징적인 기능과 함께 뛰어난 조형성으로 능역을 장식하는 역할도 담당했던 중요한 석물로서, 석등의 한 범주에 속한다. 정릉 장명등은 조선왕릉 장명등 중 최초로 조성된 장명등이며, 조선 전 중기 왕릉 장명등 가운데 유일한 사각 장명등(四角長明燈) 형태를 이루고 있다. 대석, 화사석, 옥개석 형식이 기본적으로 사각을 이루고 있어 팔각 장명등(八角長明燈)형식과는 완연하게 구분된다. 하대석, 간주석, 상대석을 1매의 통석으로 마련하고, 화사석은 1매의 통석으로 전후로 화창을 표현하였다. 정릉 장명등은 고려 현 정릉 장명등의 전통을 그대로 따랐으나, 이보다 뛰어난 조형성을 보이고 있어 조선 개국 이후 최초로 조성되었던 왕릉 장명등으로서의 격조를 무리없이 보여준다. 본고에서는 정릉 사각 장명등 양식의 원류를 파악하는 데 연구 목적을 두고 고려 왕릉 장명등과 더불어 사각 장명등의 연원이 되는 사찰 사각 석등과의 비교 고찰을 시도하였다. 그 결과 고려 말 회암사지 지공선사 석등 및 나옹화상 석등, 조선 초 회암사지 무학선사 석등 및 청룡사 보각국사 정혜원융탑석등과 다음의 공통점들을 확인할 수 있었다. 첫째, 대석, 화사석, 옥개석 등이 기본적으로 사각을 이루고 있는 점, 둘째, 간주석이 낮아지면서 대석부분이 안정적인 형태를 이루는 점, 셋째, 화사석의 경우 대석 위에 양측으로 석재를 세워 자연스럽게 전후로 화창을 구성하는 방법, 넷째, 옥개석이 사모지붕 형태를 하고 있는 점 등이다. 한편 정릉 장명등에는 불교적 요소가 다분히 내제되어 있는데, 간주석의 삼주문(三珠文)표현이 그것이다. 삼주문은 밀교와 관련된 상징물의 하나로서, 우리나라의 경우 고려 불화 및 조선 초기 보살상의 보관에 표현된 예가 확인된다. 정릉 장명등은 이후 묘 사각 장명등 조성에 직접적인 영향을 끼치는데, 15세기 후반 이후부터는 점차로 정릉 장명등의 영향에서 벗어나 팔각 장명등 형식이 보다 많이 가미된 경향으로 변모해 나간다. 정릉 사각 장명등은 고려왕릉에서 조선왕릉으로의 능제 계승, 사찰 사각 석등 양식의 수용, 그 시대 불교사상의 반영 등 당대의 시대상과 문화의 흐름을 유추해 볼 수 있는 다양한 요소들이 담겨진 산 증거물로서 의의가 있다 하겠다.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.875-887
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• 2015

The analysis in this work is about costumes among the rhythmic gymnasts in competition, which is intended to develop designs about rhythmic gymnastics costume and provide the basic material from the results. In its research method and range, the general information on rhythmic gymnastics was reviewed in literature and the case analysis was followed about costumes of world high rankers in competition during 2012~2015 seasons. Research showed the following results. First, leotard took a shape of skirt-added one-piece type, where a combination with long tight sleeve, round neck line, and stand-up collar had a relatively higher percentage in design. With regard to a bottom line of skirt, an amorphous type was most common that highlights rhythmical beauty without any particular form. This design exposed shoulders and waists on both sides, expressing the feminine beauty. Second, in color used mainly, white appeared most frequently. In its combination, more than three were employed. Third, transparent mesh was applied as basic, where lace and chiffon were used. Abstract pattern took the highest portion in pattern. Particularly, crystal bead or gradation coloring was used to maximize the visually splendid image, giving an effect of optical illusion as if neckless clothing, choker, bracelet, or glove were worn. Fourth, it appeared that the costume for each event was changed in every season, when only music was substituted but the same earlier costume was put on for the different event.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.51-57
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• 2003

The metal transfer in $CO_2$ welding shows the transition of transfer mode from short-circuiting to repelled transfer will the increase of welding current. While the short-circuiting mode in $CO_2$ welding has been studied very extensively relating with droplet formation and spatter generation, the repelled transfer has little been understood. In this study, high current $CO_2$ welding has been performed with bead-on-plate welds along with the waveform analyzer and high speed camera. The image of high speed camera was synchronized with its waveform so that the moment of spatter generation could be realized during drop detachment. As a results of this study, it was found that welding arc changes its location either once or three times and thus single or double pulse signals were developed in the voltage waveform. Whenever the arc moved its location, new arc was developed in a explosive way and thus it caused spatter generation. Specially severe spattering took place when the waveform showed a double-peak pattern. As a consequence of these results, new waveform control techniques could be suggested for suppressing the spatter generation in the high-current $CO_2$ welding.

• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한용접접합학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the International Welding/Joining Conference-Korea
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• pp.661-667
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• 2002

Welding-induced buckling distortion is one of the most problematic concerns in both design and fabrication of welded thin-plate structures. This paper deals with experimental and numerical results of the welding-induced longitudinal and/or buckling distortion occurring in welding of 6mm-thick AH36 high strength steel plates. Effects of the heat input and the plate size on the distortion were experimentally evaluated for square plates. Bead-on-plate welding was performed with the submerged arc welding process along the middle line of plate specimens. Experimental results showed that the longitudinal distortion made a single curvature in the plate, and the distortion magnitude along the weld centerline was proportional to the heat input and the plate size. The experimental results were used to examine the validity of the numerical simulation procedure for welding-induced distortion where the longitudinal distortion mode and magnitude were numerically quantified. Three-dimensional, large deformation, welding simulations were performed for selected weld models. Numerical results of the distortion mode and magnitude were in a good agreement with experimental ones. Depending on the presence of halting the distortion growth during the cooling cycle of welding, the condition discriminating buckling distortion from longitudinal distortion was established. Eigenvalue analyses were performed to check the buckling instability of tested plates with different sizes subjected to different heat inputs. The perturbation load pattern for the analysis was extracted from longitudinal inherent strain distributions. Critical buckling curve from the eigenvalue analyses revealed that the buckling instability is manifested when plate size or heat input increases.

• 한국의료질향상학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.82-103
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• 1997

Background : With increased concerns about variation among physician's practice pattern and their impact on the quality of care, clinical practice guidelines have been developed by many different organizations, with differing aims and incentives. From the same point of view, there is growing interest in the development of clinical practice guidelines in Korea, but with only a few examples. As a result, there is not much exploration on the incentive and barrier to develop guidelines as well as description on the development process. The purposes of this study are to describe the process of the four different clinical practice guidelines in a hospital setting, and to identify incentives and barriers in the development of guidelines. Methods : For this research, a clinical practice guideline development committee and four clinical practice guideline development teams were organized in a university hospital which has more than 1,200 bead. Twenty eight doctors, three nurses, and one technician participated as members of development teams for eight months. Four to six meetings were held, and three to seven departments in the hospital were involved. Results : The topics which developed into clinical practice guidelines were cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR), blood transfusion, anticoagulation, and angiography. The main goals set by teams were education(CPR, angiography), risk management(blood transfusion), and to enhance quality of care(anticoagulation). Among four teams, only in the team for anticoagulation guideline medical record review and pilot-testing were performed. Also literature review was not carried out systematically. However, all the guidelines were developed by multidisciplinary be used as standard protocols in the practice. Conclusion : Experience and skill in developing process has to be improved to have a more valid and useful practice guideline. In particular, literature review and problem identification by examining medical record should be emphasized. Also further studies on the clinical outcomes of the guidelines application and changes in physicians' behaviors would be required.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.46-52
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• 2009

연구목적: 최근 임플란트 상부보철물의 주재료로서 티타늄의 수요가 증가하고 있고, 급속도로 발전하고 있는 CAD/CAM (computer - aided design/computer-aided manufacturing) 기술이 접목되어 티타늄을 절삭하여 제작하는 방법이 주목을 받고 있으며 치과 임상에서 점점 그 영역이 넓어지고 있다. 다만, 하나의 티타늄괴를 절삭하여 만드는 방법의 특성상 기계적 유지력을 얻을 수 있는 비드 등을 형성할 수 없고, 통상적인 재료인 금 합금이나 도재용 합금 주조체에 비해 도재와의 결합력도 떨어지는 것이 보완해야 할 점으로 지적되고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 절삭형 티타늄을 이용한 보철물 제작에 많이 사용되고 있는 열중합 의치상 레진, 간접 복합 레진, 도재와 Grade II 순수 티타늄 사이의 결합 강도를 비교 평가해 보고자 하였다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 지름 9 mm, 높이 10 mm의 Grade II 순수 티타늄 원통형 시편 37개를 3군으로 나누어 각각 직경 7 mm, 높이 1 mm의 열중합 의치상 레진 (Lucitone 199, DENTSPLY Trubyte, York, USA), 간접 복합 레진 (Sinfony, 3M ESPE, Seefeld, Germany), 도재 (Triceram, Dentaurum, Ispringen, Germany)와 결합시켰다. 시편은 $5-55^{\circ}C$에서 1000회 열순환 처리 후, 범용 시험기 (Instron, Universal Testing Machine, Model 4465, USA)를 이용하여 1 mm/min의 속도로 하중을 가하여 전단결합강도를 측정하였다. 파절된 단면의 양상을 관찰하고 각 군별 파절양상을 조사하였다. 측정값은 one-way ANOVA와 Scheffe's multiple range test (${\alpha}=0.05$)로 분석하였다. 결과: 열중합 의치상 레진인 Lucitone 199 ($17.82{\pm}5.13\;MPa$)의 결합 강도가 가장 높았으며, 도재인 Triceram ($12.97{\pm}2.11\;MPa$), 복합레진인 Sinfony ($6.00{\pm}1.31\;MPa$) 순으로 감소하였다. Lucitone 199와 Sinfony 군의 파절 양상은 대부분이 부착성 파절인 데에 반해 Triceram 군에서는 복합성 파절이 많았다. 결론: CAD/CAM을 이용한 절삭형 티타늄 구조물 상방에 전장용 심미 재료로는 열중합형 의치상 레진이 가장 강한 결합 강도를 보인다. 기존의 주조체의 유지구 등에서 얻는 강도에 비해 약하고, 부착성 파절이 많은 점 등은 향후 이들 재료와 티타늄간의 결합력을 높이기 위한 보다 많은 연구가 이루어져야 할 것을 시사한다.