• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.13D no.7 s.110
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• pp.923-930
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• 2006

In this paper we design the system test model for the weapon system embedded software based on the Time Factor Method(TFM) considering time factors and suggest the results through the case study. For doing this, we discuss the features, system tests and the object-oriented model based UML notations of the weapon system embedded software. And we give a test method considering time factors, a measuring method to time factors, and a test case selection algorithm as an approach to the TFM for designing the system test model. The TFM based system test model consists of three factors (X, Y, Z) in the weapon system embedded software. With this model, we can extract test cases through the selection algorithm for a maximum time path in 'X', identify the objects related to the Sequence Diagram in 'Y' and measure the execution time of each objects which is identified by the Timing Diagram in 'Z' Also, we present the method of extracting the system test cases by applying the proposed system test model to the 'Multi-function missile defense system'.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.73-94
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• 2009

The general aspects for the future warfare shows that the concept of firepower and maneuver centric warfare has been replacing with that of information and knowledge centric warfare. Thus, some developed countries are now trying to establish the information systems to perform intelligent warfare and innovate defense operations. The C4I(Command, Control, Communication, Computers and Intelligence for the Warrior) systems make it possible to do modern and systematic war operations. The basic idea of this study is to investigate how TAM(Technology Acceptance Model) can explain the acceptance behavior in military organizations. Because TAM is inadequate in explaining the acceptance processes forcomplex technologies and strict organizations, a revised research model based upon TAM was developed in order to assess the usage of the C4I system. The purpose of this study is to investigate factors affecting the usage of C4I in the Korean Army. The research model, based upon TAM, was extended through a belief construct such as self-efficacy as one of mediating variables. The self-efficacy has been used as a mediating variable for technology acceptance, and the variable was included in the research model. The external variables were selected on the basis of previous research. The external variables can be classified into following: 1) technological, 2) organizational, and 3) environmental factors on the basis of TOE(Technology-Organization-Environment) framework. The technological factor includes the information quality and the task-technology fitness. The organizational factor includes the influence of senior colleagues. The environmental factor includes the education/train data. The external variables are considered very important for explaining the behavior patterns of information technology or systems. A structured questionnaire was developed and administrated to those who were using the C4I system. Total 329 data were used for statistical data analyses. A confirmatory factor analysis and structured equation model were used as main statistical methods. Model fitness Indexes for measurement and structured models were verified before all 18 hypotheses were tested. This study shows that the perceived usefulness and the self-efficacy played their roles more than the perceived ease of use did in TAM. In military organizations, the perceived usefulness showed its mediating effects between external variables and dependent variable, but the perceived ease of use did not. These results imply that the perceived usefulness can explain the acceptance processes better than the perceived ease of use in the army. The self-efficacy was also used as one of the three mediating variables, and showed its mediating effects in explaining the acceptance processes. Such results also show that the self-efficacy can be selected as one possible belief construct in TAM. The perceived usefulness was influenced by such factors as senior colleagues, the information quality, and the task-technology fitness. The self-efficacy was affected by education/train and task-technology fitness. The actual usage of C4I was influenced not by the perceived ease of use but by the perceived usefulness and selfefficacy. This study suggests the followings: (1) An extended TAM can be applied to such strict organizations as the army; (2) Three mediation variables are included in the research model and tested at real situations; and (3) Several other implications are discussed.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.97-101
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• 2022

The perceiving a calling scale is composed of three constructs: transcendent sermon, meaningful and prosocial aspects. Based on the multiple group confirmatory factor analysis from the structural equation model, we confirmed the measurement invariance between Christians and non-Christians at the scale level. Furthermore, to investigate the mean difference between Christians and non-Christians, we performed latent mean analysis. The results showed that the three-factor structure is equivalent across Christians and non-Christians, and further confirmed metric invariance and scalar invariance. Thus, the perceived calling scale is applicable to both Christians and non-Christians without biases. We also examined mean differences between the two groups. Christians demonstrated significantly higher scores on the three factors but no difference on the living a calling. This study provided meaningful information in understanding calling, and we discussed limitations and future directions.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.182-188
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• 2016

Flexibly-reconfigurable roll forming (FRRF) is a novel sheet metal forming technology conducive to producing multi-curvature surfaces by controlling the strain distribution along longitudinal direction. In FRRF, a sheet metal is shaped into the desired curvature by using reconfigurable rollers and gaps between the rollers. As FRRF technology and equipment are under development, a simulation model corresponding to the physical FRRF would aid in investigating how the shape of a sheet varies with input parameters. To facilitate the investigation, the current study exploits regression analysis to construct a predictive model for the longitudinal curvature of the sheet. Variables considered as input parameters are sheet compression ratio, radius of curvature in the transverse direction, and initial blank width. Samples were generated by a three-level, three-factor full factorial design, and both convex and saddle curvatures are represented by a quadratic regression model with two-factor interactions. The fitted quadratic equations were verified numerically with R-squared values and root mean square errors.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.11
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• pp.133-143
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• 2021

This study investigates the relationship between social capital and enterprise performance with knowledge sharing as the mediator. By employing the data of 677 respondents collected from delivering questionnaires to small and medium-size firms in Vietnam in 2020, this study suggests a two-step approach that combines exploration factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and path analysis (SEM). The empirical findings significantly support our proposed model by demonstrating that knowledge sharing mediates the connection between all three elements of social capital and enterprise performance. At the same time, the results emphasize the importance of knowledge sharing as a major benefit of social capital and a substantial driving element of both operational and financial performance. The results show that all three social capital qualities (structural, relational, and cognitive) significantly impact both tacit and explicit knowledge sharing, while knowledge is one of the main routes connecting social capital to enterprise performance. Hence, our research model may be used in future studies to evaluate social capital, knowledge sharing, and firm performance as a new theoretical model. Our results offer a plausible explanation for how social capital improves knowledge sharing and enterprise performance.

• IE interfaces
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.191-202
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• 1996

A variety of approaches on performance evaluation modeling have appeared in the technical literature for flexible manufacturing systems(FMS) which can be evaluated only through computer simulation. This study represents a comparative approach for FMS performance evaluation modeling based on reliability, availability and maintainability, and life cycle cost. The methodology proposed in this research includes the following three-step generative approaches. First, a static model to find the initial system configuration is considered under the assumption that the system availability is given as one (failure and maintenance are not considered), and in second step, a stochastic simulation is proposed to serve as a performance evaluation model for FMS with stochastic failure and repair time. In the last step, we developed a simulation modeling using a simulator, FACTOR/AIM to consider a variety of performance factors and dynamic behavior of FMS. Also the applicability and validity of the proposed approaches has been tested and compared through the results of a sample problem using computer programs and procedures developed in each step.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.878-883
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• 2003

To modify some problems of ACI shear provisions, ultimate shear strength equation considering size effect and arch action to compute shear strength in high-strength concrete beams without stirrups is presented in this research. Three basic equations, namely size reduction factor, rho factor, and arch action factor, are derived from crack band model of fracture mechanics, analysis of previous some shear equations for longitudinal reinforcement ratio, and concrete strut described as linear function in deep beams. Constants of basic equations are determined using statistical analysis of previous shear testing data. To verify proposed shear equation for each variable, namely d, , ρ, f/sub c/' and aid, about 250 experimental data are used and proposed shear equation is compared with ACI 318-99 code, CEB-FIP Model code, Kim & Park's equation and Zsutty's equation. While proposed shear equation is simpler than other shear equations, it is shown to be economical predictions and reasonable safety margin. Hence proposed shear strength equation is expected to be applied to practice shear design.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.06d
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• pp.840-845
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• 2001

Development of a small gas-turbine combustor for 100kW class APU(Auxiliary Power Unit) has been performed. This combustor is a reverse-annular type and has a tangential swirler in the liner head to improve the fuel/air mixing and flame stability. Three main and three pilot fuel injectors of the simplex pressure-swirl type are used. The performance target at the design condition includes a turbine inlet temperature of 1170K, a combustion efficiency of 99%, a pattern factor of 30%, and an engine durability of 3000 hours. Under developing the combustor, we conducted performance test of our first prototype(TS1) with some variants. As a result of the test, the performance targets of the combustor are satisfied except that the pattern factor is about 4% higher than target value. So, we redesigned the second prototype(TS2) and conduct performance test with the critical focus on pattern factor and exit mean temperature. We adopted TS2 four variant to check the improvement of pattern factor. As the result, the pattern factors of several variants were satisfied with the performance target. Finally, We chose the TS2A variant as a final combustor for our APU model.

• Asia Pacific Journal of Business Review
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.37-62
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• 2017

To analyze the effects of R&D expenditure on the firm value of Korean firms, we classified portfolios based on R&D activity levels. After that, we conducted a time-series analysis to assess excess returns from the portfolios. To carry out such an analysis, an empirical analysis of excess returns in the capital market was performed by using the monthly earning rate of stocks from 2000 to 2013. The purpose of this research is to provide basic data on investment to stakeholders in the capital market by analyzing the effects of R&D on the firm value and to overcome scholarly limitations by offering a new model of analysis. The criteria for classifying the portfolios were based on R&D expenditure levels. The analysis models follow the Fama-French Three-Factor Model and the Carhart Four-Factor Model. The analyses results are as follows. Extrapolating monthly profit rates based on R&D expenditure levels, portfolios with low R&D expenditures showed higher earning rates than those with high R&D expenditures. This suggests that high R&D expenditures did not translate into high earning rates. The investor depreciates the R&D expenditures related profitability and the possibility of success in the market, leading to falls in stock prices and a failure to give a positive effect on the firm value. Our research differs from the previous investigations as we carried out an empirical analysis based on the actual investors' attitudes about R&D expenditures and how these can generate excess earnings. Our research results show that the data related to R&D expenditure are not reflected fully in the market.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.8
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• pp.25-31
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• 2020

The purpose of this paper is to examine a financial distress premium in the emerging market. A risk-return trade-off of negative book equity (NBE) and distress firms is empirically analyzed using data from the Stock Exchange of Thailand. This research employs Ohlson's (1980) bankruptcy model as a measurement of distress risk. The results indicate that distress firms outperform solvent firms in the Thai market and deny distress anomaly often found in the developed market. Fama-Frech (1993) three-factor model and Carhart (1997) four-factor model verify the existence of a distress premium in the Thai capital market. Risk-seeking investors demand greater compensation for bearing risks of distress firms' going concern. This paper provides fresh evidence that default risk is a significant explanatory factor in pricing stocks in the emerging market. Also, this study sheds light on the role of NBE firms in asset pricing. Most studies eliminate NBE firms from their sample. However, NBE firms yield superior average cross-sectional returns, albeit with higher volatility. Investors are rewarded with distress risks associated with NBE firms. The outperformance of NBE firms is statistically significant when compared to the overall market. The NBE premium disappears when factoring size, value, and momentum in time-series analysis.