• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.67-74
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• 2015

Three strains of the green microalga Botryococcus braunii (JJS, KCM, and KJD) were isolated from different water bodies in Korea and grown as batch cultures in the laboratory. The effects of different growth media and temperatures on the growth rate were investigated, as well as the effect of temperature on the total lipid content and lipid profile. All three strains had the highest growth rates in BG-11 medium and at $25^{\circ}C$. Maximal lipid production ($gL^{-1}$) was at $30^{\circ}C$ in the JJS strain and at $25^{\circ}C$ in the KCM and KJD strains. However, all the three strains produced the greatest percent dry weight of total lipids at $15^{\circ}C$ and had the lowest percent dry weight of total lipids at $25^{\circ}C$. In general, oleic acid, linolenic acid, and behenic acid were the most common fatty acids in all three strains. However, the three strains varied considerably in their fatty acid profiles at different culture temperatures.

• BMB Reports
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.531-536
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• 2001

Three zymographic techniques using casein, fibrin, and gelatin as substrates in SDS-PAGE were compared based on three aspects: (1) The proteolytic pattern of extracellular enzymes from the three bacterial strains, Bacillus sp. DJ-1, DJ-2, and DJ-3. (2) The enzymatic sensitivity of their activity on zymogram gels. (3) The stability of stained zymogram gels with Coomassie brilliant blue in the destaining solution. There was no significant difference on the pattern of extracellular enzymes from the three strains. The bands in the fibrin gel were clearer and more distinct from the extensive destaining process. It was also shown that the gelatin gel revealed the highest enzymatic sensitivity among the three gels, based on the densitometric analysis. In the casein gel, a trace that could be mistaken as a proteolytic band appeared around 40-50 kDa.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.698-705
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• 2014

This study classifies features of women's hair adornments with the functional and decorative aspects in the Three Kingdoms Period and analyses in regards to their contemporary social and cultural surroundings. First, the tree-shaped and Rod-like hairpins in the Three Kingdoms Period are not as similar as to the hairpins found in China or other northern countries. It is farming lives and the wood-worship religion established the wearing of high-bun hair styles and tree-shaped hairpins. Second, high-bun hair styles and -shaped hairpins were basic hair decorations during the Three Kingdoms Period. Common high-bun styles finally became one of the cultures that reflected the contemporary thinking. High-bun hair styles, not excessively-decorated, became harmonized with the costume beauty and later developed along with with various-shaped hairpins. Third, Buyao (made of metals and based on flower subjects)in the Three Kingdoms Period was a unique style not been seen in the Han and Wei-jin-nam-bei-chao Period. Flowers in Buyao of the of the Three Kingdoms Period show an elegant sway, which is not excessively-decorated that developed into unique features.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.289-289
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• 2008

We investigated the operational characteristics of the separated three-phase flux-lock type superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL). The single-phase lock type SFCL consist of two coils, which are wound in parallel through an iron core. The high-$T_c$ superconducting(HSTC) thin film connected in series with secondary coil. The separated three-phase flux-lock type SFCL consist of three single-phase flux-lock type SFCL. In a normal condition, the SFCL is not operate. When a fault occurs, the current of a HSTC thin film exceeds its critical current by fault current, the resistance of the HSTC thin film generated. Therefore fault current was limited by SFCL. The separated three-phase flux-lock type SFCL are operated in fault condition such as the the single line-to-ground fault, the double line-to-ground fault and the triple line-to-ground fault. The experimental results, the SFCL operational characteristics was dependent on fault condition.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.224-232
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• 2005

A new three phase three-level Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Switched Voltage Source (SVS) inverter with zero neutral point potential is proposed. It consists of three single-phase inverter modules. Each module is composed of a switched voltage source and inverter switches. The major advantage is that the peak value of the phase output voltage is twice as high as that of a conventional neutral-point-clamped (NPC) PWM inverter. Thus, the proposed inverter is suitable for applications with low voltage sources such as batteries, fuel cells, or solar cells. Furthermore, three-level waveforms of the proposed inverter can be achieved without the switch voltage imbalance problem. Since the average neutral point potential of the proposed inverter is zero, a common ground between the input stage and the output stage is possible. Therefore, it can be applied to a transformer-less Power Conditioning System (PCS). The proposed inverter is verified by a PSpice simulation and experimental results based on a laboratory prototype.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.71-80
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• 2010

We studied the nitrogen behavior and budget of Lake Paldang from March to December 2008. The particulate nitrogen (PN) concentrations ranged from 7 to 13% of the total nitrogen concentration (TN) in the stream inflows, the downstream outflow, and the lake water. The nitrate nitrogen ($NO_3-N$) concentration ranged from 67 to 78% of the TN. In the three rivers of Lake Paldang, Gyeongan River (In3 site) had the highest average of the TN, 5.037 mgN/L, but North Han River (In2 site) had the lowest average TN, 1.683 mgN/L. South Han River (In1 site) had the average TN of 2.399 mgN/L. In the dam discharge, TN showed the average 2.063 mgN/L. In the lake water, L4 site (Gyeongan River area) had the highest average TN, 3.781 mgN/L, but L3 site (North Han River) had the lowest average TN, 1.587 mgN/L. Total input of nitrogen loads to Lake Paldang was about 30,875 ton/year in 2008. Inflow rivers contributed 30,643 ton/year (South Han River: 18,111 ton/year (59%), North Han River: 11,333 ton/year (37%), and Gyeongan River: 1,199 ton/year (4%)). The atmospheric deposition had 135 ton/year, the nitrogen release from the bottom sediments had 88 ton/year, and macrophytes had 9 ton/year. Total output of nitrogen loads from Lake Paldang was about 31,256 ton/year. The downstream from dam contributed 29,877 ton/year, and the sediment deposition was 1,379 ton/year.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.28
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• pp.85-98
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• 1996

Yanbian is the area where many Korean-Chinese have settled and have undergone a unique culture. This study is intended to examine the clothing life of Korean-Chinese in Yanbian in the aspects of the cultural marginality and the effects of other cultures. Nowadays they have three kinds of dresses" Han-Bok In-Min-Bok and the western dress. han-Bok is the result of cultural marginal phenomenon so they pre-serve 1920s style which already disappeared in South Korea. In-Min-Bok is the production of Communism which is an 'invention' from the viewpoint of Cultural-Anthropology. However both Han-Bok and In-Min-Bok are gradually disappearing from the daily life. Today it is quite common for us to see a number of people wearing western dresses on the street. In their clothing life the acculturation to the Chinese wasn't traced which may be due to the strong 'National I dentity' of them.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2009.07a
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• pp.195_196
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• 2009

As the electrical power industry is restructured, the electrical power exchange is becoming extended. One of the key information used to determine how much power can be transferred through the network is known as available transfer capability (ATC). To calculate ATC, traditional deterministic approach is based on the severest case, but the approach has the complexity of procedure. Therefore, novel approach for ATC calculation is proposed using cost-optimization method in this paper, and is compared with well-being method and risk-benefit method. This paper proposes the optimal transfer capability of HVDC system between mainland and a separated island in Korea through these three methods. These methods will consider production cost, wheeling charge through HVDC system and outage cost with one depth (N-1 contingency).

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1992.07a
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• pp.394-396
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• 1992

This note is concerned with the point to point control of manipulators having elastic joints. We present a PD control algorithm which is adaptive with respect to the gravity and elastic parameters of robot manipulators. While the conventional control law is used, a new adaptive law is used to improve the performance. The proposed controller is shown to be stable. It is Shown that steady-state position error converges to zero through some simulations concerning the manipulator with three revolute elastic joints.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.63-71
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• 1994

An analytic and comparative study on the level of concentration on heavy metals in silt of Han- River was described. The Paldang lake supplies tap water resources for the 20 million residents in the metropolitan zone. It is composed that three steps for water works by the water volume in all 35,072 thousand tons : the first section is 7,251 thousand tons, the second is 15,980 thousand tons and the third is 11,841 thousand tons. However, recently it has becoming a serious social issue for water contamination on Paldang by heavy metals due to gathering of silt. It has concentrated on analysis and comparison study on the level of heavy metals between contamination- estimated zone and the other zones. After all, Concentration on heavy metals of expected none pollute's zone and expected pollute's zone indicate almost similar results. In the end, heavy metals within silt of Han- River consider not to effect on pollution but quantity of natural condition.