• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.6411-6413
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• 2013

Adenocarcinoma of esophagus (AE) is a complex disease, affected by a variety of genetic and environmental factors. Much evidence has shown that the MutY glycosylase homologue (MUTYH) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of many cancers. However, there have been no reports on influence on AE in the Han Chinese population. The objective of this study was to investigate this issue. A gene-based association study was conducted using three single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) reported in previous studies. The three SNPs (rs3219463, rs3219472, rs3219489) were genotyped in 207 unrelated AE patients and 249 healthy controls in a case-control study using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The results revealed that the genotype distribution of rs3219472 differed between the case and control groups (OR=1.66,95%CI=1.11-2.48, P=0.012), indicating that an association may exist between MUTYH and AE. These findings support a signifcant role for MUTYH in AE pathogenesis in the Han Chinese population.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.72-80
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• 2007

The seasonal variation of organic matter and the oxidation efficiency of BOD and COD were investigated in several reservoirs and rivers located in the Han River system from March 2005 to April 2006. The concentrations of TOC in the Dong River, the Myeongjicheon stream and the Han-River varied with season. Mean concentration of TOC in the lotic environment ranged from 1.9 to 6.8 mgC/L. Oxidation efficiencies calculated from carbon were approximately 12.6 to 27.1% for BOD and 27.2 to 75.0% for COD, respectively. DOC to TOC ratio in the rivers ranged from 64.3 to 79.0%. Epilimnetic TOC concentrations in two clear and deep lakes (Lake Soyang and Paro) ranged from 2.0 to 2.8 mgC/L. TOC concentrations in the lower three dams (Lake Chunchon, Uiam, and Chungpyung) were relatively high that ranged from 3.4 to 3.7 mgC/L.Oxidation efficiencies in five lakes ranged from 10.6 to 17.2% for BOD and 32.6 to 49.5% for COD, respectively. The range of DOC to TOC in Lake Soyang and Paro was approximately 69. 0 to 73.4%. The ratios of lower three dams ranged from 48.2 to 62.3%. The differences among the lakes seemed to be asociated with limnological and hydrological characteristics of the lakes.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.13-21
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• 2011

Yanji city in China is a city most populated with Korean-chinese. This study is to examine architectural planning characteristics for Korean-chinese Elementary schools in Yanji city. Currently, this city includes nine Korean-chinese schools. This research has been processed with regards to three broad aspects. Firstly changing processes of school systems, secondly local distributions and networks of school facilities, and thirdly site plans, floor plans and elevations of school buildings were analyzed and examined for finding their characteristics. For this study, seven Han-chinese Elementary schools were also analyzed. The study result are as following: 1. Korean-chinese schools have followed national education policies and also maintained Korean-chinese native education methods. The schools have undergone merger and separation with Han-chinese Elementary schools. Three Korean-chinese Elementary schools in Japan Colonials, two schools in the period of the Republic of China foundation and its growing, and four schools in 1980s were founded. 2. Yanji city administers the networks of Korean-chinese school districts and Han-chinese districts separately. All school districts apply to lkm standard as attending distance. The networks are adjusted as per population change. 3. The characteristics of buildings' site plans, floor plans and elevations are simple. Layouts of the schools are - type or -type centered playground. Building plans show one side corridor type and 5 stories mostly. Elevations stress central parts. Various forms such as finger types do not appear in mass planning since the school curriculum and extracurricular activities are not seemingly active. Han-chinese Elementary schools have similar conditions.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.632-637
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• 2012

This paper introduces a simple and efficient calibration method for three-axis accelerometers and three-axis gyroscopes using three-axis motion rate table. Usually, the performance of low cost MEMS-based inertial sensors is affected by scale and bias errors significantly. The calibration of these errors is a bothersome problem, but the previous calibration methods cannot propose simple and efficient method to calibrate the errors of three-axis inertial sensors. This paper introduces a new simple and efficient method for the calibration of accelerometer and gyroscope. By using a three-axis motion rate table, this method can calibrate the accelerometer and gyroscope simultaneously and simply. Experimental results confirm the performance of the proposed method.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.1368-1375
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• 2003

Treatise Yin-Yang is based on Chun-chu-shi-dae and composed in Jen-guk-shi-dae and the systemic constant is effected at the age of Han-dae. This study needs the deep philosophic understanding and principal. In conclusion, the parting and meeting of Yin-Yang is conducted by the parting and meeting of Three-yin-three-yang. In addition, this theory is based on the Taoism. Yin-Yang is embodied by Sky-Ground-Sun-Moon, had the meaning of time and place and accomplished their own rules with identification as one. Taechung and Gwangmyeng are the concretely applied form of the parting and meeting of Yin-Yang at human body. The parting and Meeting of Three-Yin- Three-Yang has six types symbols of circulated Yin-Yang. They have Six-meeting space structure as match like up-down, backside and front-side, left-side and right-side. These pairs express symbolized meaning of creation of Saeng-jang-shu-chang and also apply the same things.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2005.05b
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• pp.409-413
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• 2005

Even though the relative importance of length scale of flow system allow us to simplify three dimensional flow problem to one or two dimensional representation, many systems still require three dimensional analysis. The objective of this study is to develop an efficient and accurate finite element model for analyzing and predicting three dimensional flow features in natural rivers and to offend to model spreading of pollutants and transport of sediments in the future. Firstly, three dimensional Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes equations with the hydrostatic pressure assumption in generalized curvilinear coordinates were combined with the kinematic free-surface condition. Secondly. to simulate realistic high Reynolds number flow, the model employed the Streamline Upwind/Petrov-Galerkin(SU/PG) scheme as a weighting function for the finite element method in conjunction with an appropriate turbulence model(Smagorinsky scheme for the horizontal plain and Mellor-Yamada scheme for the vertical direction). Several tests is performed for the purpose of validation and verification of the developed model. A simple rectangular channel, 5-shaped and U-shaped channel are used for tests and comparisons are made with RMA-10 model. Runs for each case is converged stably without a oscillation and calculated water-surface deformation, longitudinal and transversal velocities, and velocity vector fields are in good agreement with the results of RMA-10 model.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.47-55
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• 1987

Recently, in precision working, precision is in submicron. Therefore, when we measure various finished goods in superfine measurement, because it is relatively difficult to disregard effect of surroundings, these effect of surroundings must be compensated or canceled. In this study, for roundness measurement, three point method is researched which is able to cancel the effect of rotation accuracy of axis and eccenricity of workpiece. It is difference between this three point method and tradi- tional three point method whose measuring apparatus have three movable pickups posit- ioned with angle and between the pickups. As a results, when rotation accuracy of axis is varied from $0.02\mu\textrm{m}$ to $0.05\mu\textrm{m}$ the width of variation of measured roundness is $0.04\mu\textrm{m}$. And, when eccentricity of workpiece is varied from 0 to $4\mu\textrm{m}$, the width of variation of measured roundness is $0.005\mu\textrm{m}$. These error width are disregardable because they are in 10% of measured roundness. Therefore, by this three point method, the effect of rotation accuracy of axis and the effect of eccentricity of workpiece are canceled. And we are able to select the angle between the pickups ($\phi$ and $\tau$) by means of relation between $F_{k}$ and K.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.126-134
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• 2014

This study investigates the structural strength analysis due to rib thickness of lower arm. At structural analysis, model 1 has the most deformation by comparing three models. As most equivalent stress is shown at the part connected with wheel knuckle, the strength becomes weaker in cases of three models. At fatigue analysis, model 1 becomes most unstabilized among three models. Model 3 has most fatigue life and the next model is model 2. The range of maximum harmonic response frequencies becomes 140 to 175Hz in cases of three models. Because the critical frequency at model 3 becomes highest among three models but the stress exceeds yield stress, model 3 becomes most unstabilized at vibration durability. As models 1 and 2 has less than yield stress, these models become stabilized. Model 2 becomes most favorable by comparing three models at structural, fatigue and vibration analyses. This study result can be effectively utilized with the design of lower arm by investigating prevention against damage and its strength durability.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.67-74
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• 2015

Three strains of the green microalga Botryococcus braunii (JJS, KCM, and KJD) were isolated from different water bodies in Korea and grown as batch cultures in the laboratory. The effects of different growth media and temperatures on the growth rate were investigated, as well as the effect of temperature on the total lipid content and lipid profile. All three strains had the highest growth rates in BG-11 medium and at $25^{\circ}C$. Maximal lipid production ($gL^{-1}$) was at $30^{\circ}C$ in the JJS strain and at $25^{\circ}C$ in the KCM and KJD strains. However, all the three strains produced the greatest percent dry weight of total lipids at $15^{\circ}C$ and had the lowest percent dry weight of total lipids at $25^{\circ}C$. In general, oleic acid, linolenic acid, and behenic acid were the most common fatty acids in all three strains. However, the three strains varied considerably in their fatty acid profiles at different culture temperatures.

• BMB Reports
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.531-536
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• 2001

Three zymographic techniques using casein, fibrin, and gelatin as substrates in SDS-PAGE were compared based on three aspects: (1) The proteolytic pattern of extracellular enzymes from the three bacterial strains, Bacillus sp. DJ-1, DJ-2, and DJ-3. (2) The enzymatic sensitivity of their activity on zymogram gels. (3) The stability of stained zymogram gels with Coomassie brilliant blue in the destaining solution. There was no significant difference on the pattern of extracellular enzymes from the three strains. The bands in the fibrin gel were clearer and more distinct from the extensive destaining process. It was also shown that the gelatin gel revealed the highest enzymatic sensitivity among the three gels, based on the densitometric analysis. In the casein gel, a trace that could be mistaken as a proteolytic band appeared around 40-50 kDa.