• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2012

This study examined the effects of calcium intake on body weight and body fat in female college students. Surveys were conducted using a 3 day dietary record of 248 female university students in Korea. The subjects were divided into three groups by percent body fat. There was no significant difference in energy intake among the three groups. The intake of calcium the obese group was lower than that of other groups but it was not significantly lower. There was a negative correlation between yogurt intake and body fat in the normal group. The study did not discover a correlation between calcium intake and body fat. However, our results might encourage further research in finding a possible role of dietary calcium in the prevention of obesity.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.810-814
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• 1999

The influence of dietary vitamin E supplementation on meat color and ${\alpha}$-tocopherol concentrations in plasma, longissimus thoracis muscle and subcutaneous fat was investigated. Ten Japanese $Black{\times}Holstein$ crossbred steers were placed in three experimental groups receiving different supplements of vitamin E. Four steers (control) were fed no supplemental vitamin E. Two groups of three steers each, were supplemented with 500 mg dl-${\alpha}$-tocopherol acetate per animal daily for 175 days and 1,000 mg for 100 days, respectively, before slaughter. The ${\alpha}$-tocopherol concentration in plasma increased, as vitamin E were fed, and were related to the length of time and the amount of supplement. The ${\alpha}$-tocopherol concentrations in the muscle and the fat from the two supplemental groups did not differ significantly and were three or more times greater than those in the control group. Vitamin E supplementation did not affect the quantity of marbling of beef. Supplemental vitamin E stabilized the color of displayed beef around wavelengths of 500 nm and 640 nm. The two methods of vitamin E supplementation had similar effects on meat color. The effect of supplemental vitamin E on the color of beef with marbling was observed 2-3 days after slaughter and was followed for another two weeks.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.51-67
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• 2013

This study aims to examine impacts of the Internet shopping orientation of Korean and Chinese consumers on their selection criteria of shopping malls and apparel products, frequencies and amounts of purchase, and information search in the Internet shopping mall. A survey was carried out with Korean and Chinese female consumers in their 20s and 30s who have the Internet shopping experiences. The results of this study were as follows: First, the Internet shopping orientation of Korean and Chinese respondents clearly showed factorial structures including the pleasure-conscious, fashion-conscious, price-conscious, and convenience-conscious orientation. From a result of the cluster analysis on four factors of the Internet shopping orientation, Korean and Chinese respondents were classified into three groups of the Internet shopping-unconscious, the Internet shopping-loyalty, and pleasure convenience-conscious. Second, there were significant differences in selection criteria of both the Internet shopping mall and apparel products among three groups of the Internet shopping orientation in Korea and China. Third, significant differences were identified in visiting frequencies, apparel purchase frequencies and amounts, payment methods, and information sources during the Internet shopping among three groups of the Internet shopping orientation in Korea and China.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.1135-1143
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the perceived importance and the perceived caring of nursing needs among oncology nurses, patients with non-terminal cancer and patients with terminal cancer. Method: A total of 83 oncology nurses, 56 patients with non-terminal cancer and 39 patients with terminal cancer served as subjects. Data was collected based on the 4-point Likert scale using a self-administered questionnaire from Mar. to Sept. 2004. Finally, data was analyzed using mean, SD, paired-test,. and ANOVA. Results: The score of the perceived importance of nursing needs was higher than that of the perceived performance of nursing needs in all three groups. There was also a difference in the degree of perceived performance of nursing needs among the three groups. In contrast, there was no difference in the total score of the perceived importance of nursing needs among the three groups, unlike the importance of informational and physical needs as a subgroup of perceived importance, where a difference was noted. Conclusions: Strategies should be developed to narrow down these gaps between nurses and patients. In particular, informational and educational programs should be designed for patients with terminal cancer.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제36권7호
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• pp.1123-1134
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of aromatherapy on blood pressure and stress responses of clients with essential hypertension. Method: There were fifty-two subjects divided into an essential oil group, placebo group, and control group by random assignment. The application of aromatherapy was the inhalation method of blending oils with lavender, ylangylang, and bergamot once daily for 4 weeks. To evaluate the effects of aromatherapy, blood pressure and pulse were measured two times a week and serum cortisol levels, catecholamine levels, subjective stress, and state anxiety were measured before and after treatment in the three groups. Data was analyzed by repeated measures of ANOVA, one-way ANOVA, and $X^2-test$ using the SPSS 10.0 program. Results: The blood pressure, pulse, subjective stress, state anxiety, and serum cortisol levels among the three groups were significantly statistically different. The differences of catecholamine among the three groups were not significant statistically Conclusion: The results suggest that the inhalation method using essential oils can be considered an effective nursing intervention that reduces psychological stress responses and serum cortisol levels, as well as the blood pressure of clients with essential hypertension.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.22-28
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• 2001

A combined anesthesia in terms of balanced anesthesia has been widely used for enhancement of anesthetic potency, decrement of dosage, reduction of side effects and better muscle relaxation. Recently, tiletamine/zolazepam (T/Z) has been widely used for the general anesthesia in dogs, but there have been few studies on balanced anesthesia of this drug in combination with other drugs. In this experiment, the combinations of T/Z with acepromazine or fentanyl/xylazine/azaperone (F/X/A) have been compared for the anesthetic effects in dogs. Healthy 5 mongrel dogs were allocated into three treatment groups ; Group Z (atropine + T/Z), Group A + Z (atropine/acepromazine + T/Z) in runs of 10 replication. The rapid induction of anesthesia was shown in all three treatment groups. The maintenance time of anesthesia was significanty increased to 101.4$\pm$6.2 minutes (44 min. more than that of group Z) in Group A + Z and 127.4$\pm$4.7 minutes (70 min. more than that of group Z) in Group F + Z, respectively. The recovery from anesthesia was rapid in Group F + Z. In blood analysis, there was no significant variation in three groups but hyperglycemia in Group F + Z. These results indicate that the balanced anesthesia of T/Z with F/X/A was superior to other two methods for maintaining and recovering from the anesthesia, and could be applied for general anesthesia in dogs.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.393-400
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of unilateral sciatic nerve injury on unaffected hindlimb muscles of rats. Methods: Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to one of three groups: control(C) group(n=10) that had no procedures, sham(S) group(n=10) that underwent sham left sciatic nerve transection, and sciatic nerve transection(SNT) group(n=9) that underwent left sciatic nerve transection. At 15 days rats were anesthetized, and the soleus, plantaris and gastrocnemius muscles were dissected. Results: Muscle weight of the unaffected plantaris muscle in the SNT group was significantly lower than in the other two groups. Type II fiber cross-sectional areas of the unaffected plantaris and gastrocnemius muscles in the SNT group were significantly smaller than in the other two groups. The decrease of muscle weights and Type I, II fiber cross-sectional areas of the unaffected three muscles in the SNT group were significantly less than that of the affected three muscles. Conclusion: Hindlimb muscle atrophy occurs in the unaffected side after unilateral sciatic nerve injury, with changes in the plantaris and gastrocnemius muscle being more apparent than changes in the soleus muscle. These results have implications for nursing care, in the need to assess degree of muscle atrophy in unaffected muscles as well as affected muscles.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.1089-1097
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to assess the accuracy of provisional restorative resins fabricated using dental three-dimensional (3D) printers. Methods: Provisional restorative resins were fabricated using the first molar of the right mandibular. Three groups comprising a total of 24 samples of such resins were fabricated. The prepared abutment was scanned initially and then designed using a computer-aided design (CAD) software. The conventional subtractive manufacturing system was employed to fabricate the first group of resins, while the second and third groups were fabricated using a digital light processing (DLP) 3D printer and a stereolithography (SLA) 3D printer, respectively. The internal surfaces of the resins were scanned and 3D measurements of the resins were taken to confirm their accuracy. Results: The root-mean-square deviation (RMS±SD) of the accuracy of the resins fabricated using the conventional subtractive manufacturing system, DLP 3D printer, and SLA 3D printer were 68.83±2.22 ㎛, 74.63±6.23 ㎛, and 61.74±4.09 ㎛, respectively. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test showed significant differences between the three groups (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Provisional restorative resins fabricated using DLP and SLA 3D printers demonstrated clinically-acceptable results.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.451-459
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• 1995

This study was intended to figure out the effects of the amount and the distribution of body fat on the risk fators of adult disease. Sixty-four male college students paticipatied in this study, whose to find out body fat distributions were classified on the basis of Waist/hip ratio(WHR) into three groups-upper body type(UBTM), intermediate body type (IBTM) and lower body type(LBTM). Various risk factors such as adiposity, body fat ammount, serum lipid amount and blood pressure and their intercorrelations were analyzed. The three bodys type groups showed significant differences each other in weight(P<0.001), WHR showed considerable correlations with BMI and the percentage of body fat. The frequency of obesity assessed by BMI$\geq$25 and body fat percentage were the highest in the UBTM of the three groups. Thus, we could conclude that the closer the body fat distribution is to the upper body type, the higher the BMI and body fat percentage. Waist/girth ratio(WTR, P<0.01) and BMI(P<0.05) were positively correlated with serum triglyceride levels, and % of body fat was positively correlated with both serum triglyceride (P<0.01) and serum total cholesterol(P<0.05) levels. WHR (P<0.05), BMI(P<0.01) and % of body fat(P<0.01) also showed positive correlations with systolic blood pressure. From the above results, we could conclude that body fat distribution was a good index reflecting adiposity and body fat amount and that blood and serum amount of triglyceride was highest in the upper body type group showing the highest frequency of obesity.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.296-305
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• 2014

This study evaluated the effects of sanitary education administered to elementary and middle school foodservice employees with work experience. The subjects of this study were 360 school foodservice employees in Gyeonggi-do during August, 2010. Sanitary education and awareness were assessed using three major dimensions: food sanitation (six items), personal hygiene (five items), and environmental sanitation (three items). Each dimension was categorized according to several items in the form of a self-evaluated Likert 5 point scale. The data were analyzed using SPSS WIN Version 12.0 package. The results showed that employees who worked for 5~10 years in the foodservice industry scored better in three dimensions before sanitary education compared to other groups. After sanitary education, all employees scored better in food sanitation than before, and employees who worked less than 5 years scored better at personal hygiene dimension than other groups. For environmental sanitation, employees who worked for 5~10 years scored better than other groups. Employees who worked for more than 10 years scored worse before and after sanitary education but scored highest for sanitary awareness. Employees between the ages of 31 and 40 showed significantly different scores before and after sanitary education.