• 제목/요약/키워드: Tho4

검색결과 87건 처리시간 0.026초

Antimicrobial Activity of Phenolic-Rich Extracts from Mango Seed Kernel on Microorganisms

  • Dang Thi Thu Tam;Ly Nguyen Binh;Tran Chi Nhan;Nguyen Bao Loc;Nguyen Nhat Minh Phuong
    • 한국미생물·생명공학회지
    • /
    • 제51권4호
    • /
    • pp.416-424
    • /
    • 2023
  • Replacing synthetic additives to preserve food products with natural antimicrobial compounds needs to be considered due to public health. In the present study, the phenolic extract from mango seed kernel (MSK) with the total phenolic content (TPC) value of 5300 ± 380 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/L was used for evaluating the antimicrobial properties against five types of bacterial strains, including Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella typhimurium in vitro. This extract was also used for in situ method on the storage of Pangasianodon hypophthalmus fish fillets. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for all tested strains were determined at an average concentration of 1325 mg GAE/L. Furthermore, the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of E. coli, S. aureus, and S. typhimurium were seen at 5300 mg GAE/L, while the extract did not show eliminations in the growth of the remaining strains. The bacterial inhibition speed of the extract illustrated that the concentration equal MIC value eliminated S. typhimurium growth after 24 h, the 4 times MIC value had remarkable effects on S. aureus growth after the 9 h of incubation, and 24 h of incubation for E. coli, L. monocytogenes, P. aeruginosa. Additionally, the MSK extract could inhibit the growth of P. aeruginosa on fish fillets in 4 days of storage. These results provide important evidence for the utilization of MSK as a natural source of antimicrobial agents in food products.

The Impact of SNS Advertisements on Online Purchase Intention of Generation Z: An Empirical Study of TikTok in Vietnam

  • NGO, Thi Thuy An;LE, Thi My Thanh;NGUYEN, Thanh Hieu;LE, Truong Giang;NGO, Gia Thinh;NGUYEN, Tran Duong
    • The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
    • /
    • 제9권5호
    • /
    • pp.497-506
    • /
    • 2022
  • The study was carried out to investigate the factors affecting the online purchase intention of Vietnamese consumers, focusing on Generation Z (Gen Z), through the information provided on TikTok - a social media network. Besides, the study evaluates the influence of these factors on the intention to purchase online of Gen Z. Most important; the research aims to help businesses better understand the insight of their consumers. The data were collected from 250 people who were born in the 1995 to 2010 period, living in the South of Vietnam. The study was conducted from December 2021 to March 2022 and used two analytical methods, which are exploratory factor analysis and Structural Equation Modeling. Research results show that there are 4 factors of TikTok advertisements that affect the purchase intention of Gen Z consumers, including information, entertainment, trust, and social interaction, and they all have a positive impact on the online purchase intention. In which the information factor has the most significant impact on the online purchase intention of Gen Z consumers. Based on the research results, recommendations are made to help businesses that have sold or intend to sell products via TikTok, improve the effectiveness of advertisement through the TikTok channel.

식도암의 식도열공을 통한 식도절제술과 개흉을 통한 식도절제술의 비교 (Transhiatal versus Transthoracic Esophagectomy for Esophageal Cancer)

  • 박기성;박창원;최세영;이광숙;유영선;이재훈;금동윤
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
    • /
    • 제35권4호
    • /
    • pp.296-302
    • /
    • 2002
  • 목적: 흉부식도암환자의 식도절제술 방법에 있어 표준술식은 흉부와 복부를 통한 술식으로 여겨지고 있다. 그러나 우측 개흉과 더불어 흉부와 복부를 통한 Ivor-Lewis 술식(ILO)과 식도열공을 통한 transhiatal esophagectomy술식(THO)간에 논란이 많다. THO 술식은 수술시간, 이환률, 사망률, 재원기간 등에 좀 더 좋은 결과을 얻을 수 있다고 하나, ILO술식에 비해 전이된 임파선 제거에는 부정적인 견해가 많은 것은 사실이 다. 이에 본 연구는 식도열중을 통한 식도절제술과 개흉술을 통한 식도절제술의 여러 결과들을 비교 분석하였다. 방법: 계명대학교 의과대학 흉부외과에서는 1993년 1월부터 2001년 7월까지 식도암 환자 103례에서 식도암절제를 시행한 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 그 중 식도열공을 통한 절제술을 시행(THO)한 환자 27례와 우측개흉을 통한 절제술을 시행(ILO)한 환자 45례를 각각 두 군으로 나누어 술 전, 술 후 결과를 가지고 비교 분석하였다. 결과: 남녀비는 THO군 27례와 ILO군 45례에서 각각 1명씩 여자였으며, 조직학적으로는 THO 군에서 2례, ILO군 1례에서 선암이었고 나머지 모두 편평 상피암이었다. 술 전 나이와 성별, 폐기능, 조직소견, 병기, 식도암 위치에서는 두 군간의 유의한 차이는 없었으나, 식도암 길이와 수술시간에 대해서는 THO군 3.81 cm, 354분, ILO 군 5.31 cm, 453분으로 각각 두 군간의 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.01, 0.001). 그리고 합병증 중 호흡기계에 관련된 합병증이 THO 군 11.1%, ILO 군 35.6%로 두 군간의 유의한 차이가 있었다. (P<0.05). 술증과 수술 직후의 수혈양, 술 후 재원일수, 합병증률, 문합부위 누출 및 문합부위 협착, 병원 사망률에서는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 두 군에서 5년 생존률은 각각 37%로 나타났다. 결론: 본 연구에서는 병원 사망률, 술 후 합병증률, 장기 생존률 등에는 두 방법간에 유의한 차이가 없다는 결론을 얻었으나, 술 후에 병원사망률과 연관 있는 중요한 합병증 중에 하나인 호흡기계 합병증은 ILO 술식에서 의미있게 높게 나타났다. 그러므로 식도열공을 통한 식도절제술은 주변 장기에 침범이 없고 암의 길이가 비교적 짧고 술 전 전신상태가 좋지 않아 호흡기계 합병증 등이 우려되는 환자에게 선택적으로 시행한다면 좋은 결과를 얻을 수 있으리라 사료된다. 그리고 두 술식은 집도외간의 기호와 경험에도 좌우될 수 있다고 하겠다.

Determinants of the Extent of Individual Credit Rationing: A Case Study of Can Tho Military Commercial Joint Stock Bank, Vietnam

  • DANG, Quang Vang;TRAN, Viet Thanh Truc;VUONG, Quoc Duy
    • The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
    • /
    • 제9권7호
    • /
    • pp.81-91
    • /
    • 2022
  • The aim of this paper was to analyze the determinants of the extent of individual credit rationing at Can Tho Military Commercial Joint Stock Bank (MB). The data was collected from 150 customers according to the systematic random sampling method listed in the bank. This study employed quantitative analysis methods, and Tobit regression model, to test the proposed hypotheses. The results showed that the average loan amount of an individual customer was 1,181.3 million VND, the average credit limit was 48.6%, and the average interest rate was 10.9% per year. Most of the individual customers borrowed money to buy properties. In addition, the analysis results also indicated that individual borrowers still faced some difficulties in accessing bank credit, such as cumbersome procedures, long waiting times, insufficient collateral assets, and loan documents. The results of the Tobit model pointed out that there were five factors affecting the degree of credit rationing to individual customers at the bank, including (1) Collateral, (2) Income, (3) Credit history, (4) Loan purpose, (5) Relationship between borrower and bank. Based on the empirical findings, the possible solutions for the bank and individual borrowers to improve credit efficiency for individual customers at commercial banks are obtained.

Phytoplankton composition in intensive shrimp ponds in Bac Lieu province, Vietnam

  • Nguyen Thi Kim Lien;Phan Thi Cam Tu;Vo Nam Son;Huynh Truong Giang
    • Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
    • /
    • 제26권8호
    • /
    • pp.470-481
    • /
    • 2023
  • Algal overgrowth in shrimp culture ponds can affect the quality of the aquatic environment, thereby adversely affecting the shrimp and causing economic losses. The objective of this study was to evaluate the variation in phytoplankton composition in intensive shrimp ponds in Bac Lieu province, Vietnam. Phytoplankton samples were collected in three black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) ponds and three whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) ponds. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS and canonical correlation analysis softwares. In total, 75 species of phytoplankton were recorded in black tiger shrimp ponds and 64 species in whiteleg shrimp ponds. Diatoms had the highest species diversity with 29-30 species (39%-47%), followed by green algae with 9-19 species (14%-25%); species numbers of other phyla varied from 5-12 (8%-16%). The total number of phytoplankton species throughout the study varied from 34-50 species. Algal density was relatively high and ranged from 497,091-2,229,500 ind./L and 1,301,134-2,237,758 ind./L in black tiger shrimp and whiteleg shrimp ponds, respectively. The diatom density tended to increase during the final stage of the production cycle in black tiger shrimp ponds. Blue-green algae and dinoflagellates also increased in abundance at the end of the cycle, which can affect shrimp growth. Diatoms were significantly positively correlated with pH, salinity, total ammonia nitrogen, and nitrate (NO3-) concentrations (p < 0.05). Blue-green algae and dinoflagellates were positively correlated with salinity, phosphate (PO43-), and NO3-. Algal species diversity was lower in the whiteleg shrimp ponds than in the black tiger shrimp ponds. Several dominant algal genera were recorded in the shrimp ponds, including Nannochloropsis, Gyrosigma, Chaetoceros, Alexandrium, and Microcystis. The results of this study provide basic data for further investigations, and they contribute to the management of algae in brackish-water shrimp ponds.

분열효모에서 spThoc7 유전자의 결실이 생장 및 mRNA Export에 미치는 영향 (Effects of spThoc7 Deletion on Growth and mRNA Export in Fission Yeast)

  • 고은진;윤진호
    • 미생물학회지
    • /
    • 제50권3호
    • /
    • pp.249-253
    • /
    • 2014
  • THOC7/Mft1는 mRNA가 전사되는 동안 mRNP의 포장과 mRNA 방출에 관여하는 진화적으로 잘 보존된 THO 복합체의 구성인자이다. 분열효모 Schizosaccharomyces pombe에서 THOC7/Mft1의 이종상동체(spThoc7)가 합성치사 돌연변이체 SLRsm1의 생장 결함을 부분적으로 상보하는 것으로 선별되었다. 이배체 S. pombe 균주에 하나의 spthoc7 유전자만을 결실시킨 후 4분체 분석을 수행한 결과, 이 유전자는 생장에 필수적이지 않았다. 하지만, ${\Delta}thoc7$ 결실돌연변이는 생장과 mRNA의 핵에서 세포질로의 방출에 약간의 결함을 보였다. 기능을 하는 spThoc7-GFP단백질은 주로 핵 안에 존재하였다. 이와 같은 결과들은 spThoc7도 mRNA 방출에 관여하고 있음을 시사한다.

분열효모에서 sphpr1 유전자의 결실이 생장 및 mRNA Export에 미치는 영향 (Effects of the Repression of sphpr1 Expression on Growth and mRNA Export in Fission Yeast)

  • 이현주;윤진호
    • 미생물학회지
    • /
    • 제48권2호
    • /
    • pp.171-174
    • /
    • 2012
  • THOC1/Hpr1는 mRNA가 전사되는 동안 mRNP의 포장과 mRNA 방출에 관여하는 진화적으로 잘 보존된 THO 복합체의 한 소단위이다. 분열효모 Schizosaccharomyces pombe에서도 THOC1/Hpr1과 유사한 단백질을 암호화하는 유전자(sphpr1로 명명)를 찾아 그 특성을 조사하였다. 이배체 S. pombe 균주에 하나의 sphpr1 유전자만을 결실시킨 후 4분체 분석을 수행한 결과, 이 유전자는 생장에 필수적이었다. 티아민에 의해 발현이 조절되는 강력한 nmt1 프러모터를 이용하여 sphpr1를 과발현시키더라도 세포의 생장과 mRNA 방출에는 전혀 영향이 없었다. 하지만, sphpr1의 발현을 억제하면 생장이 억제되었으며 poly$(A)^+$ RNA가 핵 안에 축적되었다. 이와 같은 결과들은 sphpr1 유전자가 생장과 mRNA의 핵에서 세포질로의 방출에 관여하고 있음을 시사한다.

여자중.고등학생의 복식행동과 복장규범에 대한 연구 -학교에서의 복장규정을 중심으로- (A Study on The Clothing Behavior and Clothing Norms of Middle School and High School Girls -Focusing on Clothing Regulations in the School-)

  • 유덕화;박찬부
    • 한국가정과교육학회지
    • /
    • 제3권1호
    • /
    • pp.147-161
    • /
    • 1991
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the following contents: 1. Relationship between clothing behavior(modesty, conformity, importance) and clothing regulations of school girls. 2. The differences between middle school girls and high school girls in clothing behavior and in attitude toward clothing regulations. 3. The differences between students herself norms and subiective norms(the students thoughts which would be parents opinions and teachers opinions) in attitude toward clothing regulations. Questionnaires were designed and administered to 300 middle school girls and 302 high school girls in Inchon. The obtained data were statistically analyzed by Pearson’s correlation coefficients, t-test, F-test, and Duncan test. The results of the study were summarized as follows: 1. As tho the differences in responses between school levels, the high school girls showed higher interest in conformity. But there is no differences in Modesty and Importance by school levels. 2. As tho the differences in responses between school levels, there were no differences in attitude toward clothing regulations. But according by types of clothing regulations, high school girls showed higher desire in shoes and sack. 3. In correlation coefficients between the variables on clothing behaviors and the attitudes toward clothing regulations of school girls, modesty is the most related toward clothing regulations of school girls and conformity, importance the next. The higher the school girls are in modesty, the more follow the clothing regulations. And the higher the school girls are in conformity and importance, the lower follow the clothing regulations. 4. The differences between students herself norms and subjective norms(the students thoughts which would be parents opinions and teachers opinions), students and parents showed lower scores than teachers. That is tho say, teachers put more restrictions on students clothing than parents do.

  • PDF

Credit Rationing and Trade Credit Use by Farmers in Vietnam

  • LE, Ninh Khuong;PHAN, Tu Anh;CAO, Hon Van
    • The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
    • /
    • 제8권4호
    • /
    • pp.171-180
    • /
    • 2021
  • The purpose of this paper is to estimate the impact of credit rationing on the amount of trade credit used by farmers in Vietnam. This study employs a survey data collected through direct interviews with heads of 1,065 rice households randomly selected out of provinces and city in the Mekong River Delta (MRD). In each province or city, the village with the largest area of land devoted to rice production from the district with the largest area of land devoted to rice production was picked up for survey. In each village, 200 rice farmers were randomly chosen for interview. Based on a probit model and a semi-parametric propensity score matching (PSM) estimator while controlling socio-demographic traits of rice farmers, the estimated results show that non-credit rationed farmers use less trade credit to finance production compared to their credit rationed counterparts. Moreover, the amount of trade credit used by farmers decreases as the degree of credit rationing drops. This paper provides evidence of the substitutive relationship between bank credit and trade credit. It also implicitly suggests that banks can drive trade creditors out of the market if they manage to solve the problem of information asymmetry and transaction cost.

The Effects of Corporate Governance Mechanisms on Firm Performance: Empirical Evidence from Vietnam

  • PHAN, Tu Anh;DUONG, Long Hoang
    • The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
    • /
    • 제8권4호
    • /
    • pp.369-379
    • /
    • 2021
  • This paper investigated the relationship between corporate governance mechanisms and firm performance in Vietnam. Based on a dataset of 101 HOSE-listed manufacturing firms, the results showed that CEOs' knowledge capability, gender diversity, and board size are positively associated with firm performance, whereas firm age is negatively associated. These findings suggested that firms should consider enlarging the boardrooms, but to a certain extent to avoid an inverse-U-shaped decline of performance; furthermore, firms should promote women executives' presence in a boardroom for it brings greater cultural-diversity benefits and inhibits information asymmetry. Contrary, the aging process impedes firms' growth. It depreciates their values in terms of total assets, so managers must review their assets' net value after each working year to avoid such a hardship. However, the thesis constrains itself since it did not treat the TMTs' knowledge capability equally as the CEOs' and completely excluded their treatment. Besides, it did not regard the effect of external governance mechanisms such as the supply-demand relationship, customer behavior, market imperfections, and market concentration due to data unavailability. Based on the main findings, several suggestions are set forth for firms and managers to enhance performance and minimize a poor governance mechanism's adverse consequence.