Objectives : This study was designed to establish a characteristic discrimination of internal and external morphological standard of original plants and herbal states in Arisaema amurense var. serratum $N_{AKAI}$ and A. amurense $M_{AXIM}.$. Methods : In this studies, the external-internal morphological standards were determined by using stereoscope and butanol series. Results : 1. In the external shape of original plant, Arisaema amurense var. serratum $N_{AKAI}$ has high stem, an oval-elliptic leaflet and a serrate leaf margin. But A. amurense $M_{AXIM}$ has a relatively low stem, an upside oval leaflet and no serrate leaf margin. 2. On the herbs character of original plant, Arisaema amurense var. serratum $N_{AKAI}$ is small in height and diameter, but A. amurense $M_{AXIM}$ is relatively large in height and diameter. 3. On the gathered herbs character of original plant, the section of Arisaema amurense var. serratum $N_{AKAI}$ is brightly white, easily spilt and strong scent. But the section of A. amurense $M_{AXIM}$ is thin yellowish brown, not easily spilt and weak scent. Also the grade of gathered herbs, both can be classified by diameter and external scent. 4. In the current herbs character, Korean and Sichuan Province products are irregullar shape and have no scent, Jilin Province products are regular shape. Also, Guangxi Province products are small size and concave in one side, Hebei Province products are irregular size and shape. 5. In internal shape of original plant, epidermal cell of Arisaema amurense var. serratum is very tight. With the except of micro difference in parenchyma cell of cortex, on the whole there are nearly no differences with A. amurense $M_{AXIM}.$ Also, samely in the internal shape, according to collecting sites, epidermis exhibits a lot layer in curving state and secreting duct is developed and vascular bundle and exists between parenchyma cell of cortex. Conclusion : In the future, additional study is needed to distinguish herb and effect between same genus-degree of relatedness.
Han, Seung Ryong;Lim, Nam Hyoung;Kang, Young Jong;Lee, Gyu Sei
Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
/
v.15
no.1
/
pp.1-8
/
2003
In locations where the cost of concrete is relatively high or in situations where the weight of concrete members has to be kept to a minimum, it may be more economical to use hollow reinforced concrete vertic al members. Hollow reinforced concrete colun-ms with a low axial load, a moderate longitudinal steel percentage and a reasonably thick wall were found to perform in a ductile manner at the flexural strength, similar to solid columns. Hollow reinforced concrete columns with a high axial load, a high longitudinal steel percentage, and a thin wall were found, however, to behave in a brittle manner at the flexural strength, since the neutral axis is forced to occur away from the inside face of the tube towards the section centroid and, as a result, crushing of concrete occurs near the unconfined inside face of the section. If, however, a steel tube is placed near the inside face of a circular hollow column, the column can be expected not to fail in a brittle manner through the disintegration of the concrete in the compression zone. A design recommendation and example through the moment-curvature analysis program for curvature ductility are herein presented. A theoretical moment-curvature analysis for reinforced concrete columns, indicating the available flexural strength and ductility, can be conducted, providing that the stress-strain relation for the concrete and steel are known. In this paper, a unified stress-stain model for confined concrete by Mander is developed foi members with circular sections.
Spiders usually have poor vision but not the jumping spiders. Their eight eyes are located on its distinctive box-shaped head and relatively well developed. The Spiders were fixated with 3% glutaraldehyde and thin section was performed with ultra-microtome. The specimens were observed with light microscopy, transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Eye area of jumping spider is competed of three rows. The first eye row comprise four eyes. Among them, two anterior median eyes are the largest and two anterior lateral eyes are relatively small. The former are main-eyes and have excellent vision. The second row, which has the two smallest eyes, is located about midway between the first and third rows. The third row is about half-way back on the thorax and eyed of which are middle size. To investigate ultrastructure of salticid spiders'eye, Menemerus fulvus was chosen. All of Menemerus fuvus's eyes are composed of cornea, lens, vitreous body and retina in histologically. Cornea layer, linked to exocuticle of exoskeleton. is regular layer structure without any cell tripe. Lenses are biconvex type. Retinas comprise well developed microvilli-shape rhabdomeres, unpigmented supporting cells, and pigmented cell. Retinas of anterior median eyes are surrounded by circular cylinder-shaped vitreous body, photoreceptor, i.e. rhabdomeres, of it is irregularly arranged compared to the other eyes.
Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
/
v.10
no.1
/
pp.1394-1408
/
1968
The tidal discharge is defined as the quantity of water flowing through a certain cross-section per unit of time, in contrast to river discharges, tidal discharges change periodically in magnitude and direction. Thus the total volumes of water flowing into again out of the system-called flood volume and ebb volume, respectively, depend on both the tidal and the river discharges. To ditermine the tidal discharge and the flood and ebb volumes of the Yong-san river, the discharges were measured at spring, mean and neap tide and simultaneous gage reading were taken at Samhak-do, Lower Myo-do, Myongsan-ni and Naju. The general procedure for measuring the tidal discharges was as follows. First, several cross-sections were measured and one of them was chosen. First, several cross-sections were measured and one of them was chosen. Then verticals were serected in the chosen cross section. Because comparatively few verticals should be representative of the discharge distribution over the river profile, the selection was done in accordance with the somtimes irregular bottom profile. The velocities were measured with the same current meters. The observations which included water level readings were continued for a period of about 13 hours. The current direction meter, a pyramid shaped resistance body, suspend in the water on a thin wire. The bubble in a circular tilting level fixed to the wire indicates the direction of the current. Reading were taken at intervals of 1m for depths of 10m or less, and for depths over 10m at intervals of 2m, going downwards and upwards. The averages of the two velocities were used for the computation of the discharges. The discharges and the flood and ebb volumes were ditermined by a graphical method. The mean velocities, corrected for their direction when necesary, were ditermined for each time interval and each vertical, and these velocities were plotted against the time. The resulting curves show possible mistakes very clearly, and the effect of observation errors could be reduced. The corrected velocities read from the curve at half-hour intervals were multiplied by the depth at the virtical at the corresponding time. The discharges thus found were ploted against the position of the vertical in the transit and joined by a smooth curve, integration of the curve rendered the total discharges as they occurred of half-hour intervals. Plotting these total discharges against the time yeilded during the day. The flood and ebb volumes were obtained by integration of the total discharge curve.
For 20 taxa of Korean Allium, including 16 species and 5 varieties, examined were morphological characters (i.e. sexuality, structure and shape of underground part, types and growing patterns of leaf and scape, and shapes of perianth, filament and pistil). The specialization and the evolutionary trends of taxonomic characters were inferred from morphological examination. Taxonomic relationships and system of Korean Allium were also studied. The characters showing evolutionary trends were the structure and shape of underground part including rhizome and bulb, leaf, scape, inflorescens, filament and ovary. It seemed that thin and short rhizome developed from thick and long one, and the membranous simple bulb tunic evolved into fibrous reticulate one. The presence of hyaline sheath in A. monanthum of sect. Microscordum was apomorphic. Both angular leaf blade with 2-rowed vascular bundle and flat blade with 1-rowed vascular bundle were developed from terete one with 2-rowed vascular bundle. The base of filament have differentiated from entire to toothed, and 2-ovuled ovary as well as erect scape before flowering was plesiomorphic type. In addition, sexuality, structure of underground part, the presence of hyaline sheath and cross-section structure of leaf were taxonomic characters with the level of the subgenus in this genus. Shape of rhizome, bulb, leaf, scape and pedicel discriminated each section from other ones in the subgenera easily. The shape and arrangement of perianth and filaments were the diagnostic characters for species level along with shape of ovary and stigma.
This report is a result of investigating the materials and techniques of the lacquer ware excavated from Hwangnamdaechong Tomb known as an old tomb in the Gyeongju maximum district. First, the fragment of lacquer ware was classified by the shape of it. Next, the thin section of lacquer film (all sides about 2mm) was made based on the result. Then they were observed under the microscope, and classified the kind of the foundation mixture and the applied structure. It is a result as follows. 1 The bone dust was mixed by the foundation of the made of cloth-body lacquer ware such as eared lacquer cup, lacquer bowl, and the lacquer rectangular containers excavated from the south tomb. 2 Eared lacquer cup and lacquer bowl, and rectangular box excavated from south and north tomb had the possibility they were the set of articles partially of tableware and the cosmetic box. 3 There is a difference in the quality of burial lacquer ware between in south tomb and north tomb. A lot of highlevel lacquer ware such as eared lacquer cup, lacquer bowl and the rectangular lacquer containers were discovered from the south tomb. 4 Many of containers where animal and bird had been drawn on the black lacquered ground excavated from north tomb were wooden bath.
The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
/
v.14
no.2
/
pp.90-101
/
2009
Analysis of multi-channel seismic reflection data from the Southern Ulleung Basin reveals that Plio-Quaternary section in the area consists of nine stacked sedimentary units separated by erosional unconformities. On the southern slope, these sedimentary units are acoustically characterized by chaotic seismic facies without distinct internal reflections, interpreted as debris-flow bodies. Toward the basin floor, the sedimentary units are defined by well-stratified facies with good continuity and strong amplitude, interpreted as turbidite/hemipelagic sediments. The seismic facies distribution suggests that deposition of Plio-Quaternary section in the area was controlled mainly by tectonic movement and sea-level fluctuations. During the Pliocene, sedimentation was mainly controlled by tectonic movements related to the back-arc closure of the East Sea. The back-arc closure that began in the Miocene caused compressional deformation along the southern margin of the Ulleung Basin, resulting in regional uplift which continued until the Pliocene. Large amounts of sediments, eroded from the uplifted crustal blocks, were supplied to the basin, depositing Unit 1 which consists of debris-flow deposits. During the Quaternary, sea-level fluctuations resulted in stacked sedimentary units (2-9) consisting of debris-flow deposits, formed during sea-level fall and lowstands, and thin hemipelagic/turbidite sediments, deposited during sea-level rise and highstands.
Measurements of phase identification and degree of orientation for fine-grained (about 0.3 mm in diameter) minerals in rock samples performed by micro-area X-ray diffractometer.$Al_{2}SiO_{5}$ polymorphs (andalusite, kyanite and sillimanite) were chosen for the measurements and target minerals were existed on thin sections. Micro-area X-ray diffractometer is composed of 3(${\omega}\;{\chi}\;{\phi}$)-circle oscillating goniometer and position sensitive proportional counter (PSPC). $CuK_{\alpha}$ radiation was used as X-ray source and a pin hole ($50\;\mu\textrm{m}$$ in diameter) collimator was selected to focus radiation X-ray onto the target minerals. Phase identification and diffracted X-ray peak indexing were carried out by 3(${\omega}\;{\chi}\;{\phi}$)-circle oscillation measurement. Then, 2(${\omega}\;{\phi}$)-circle oscillation measurement was made for the purpose of searching the prevailing lattice plane of the minerals on thin section surface. Finally, for a selected peak by 2-circle oscillation measurement, X-ray pole figure measurement was executed for the purpose of check the degree of orientation of the single lattice direction and examine its pole distribution. As a result of 3-circle oscillation measurement, it was possible that phase identification among $Al_{2}SiO_{5}$ polymorphs. And from the results of 2-circle oscillation measurement and X-ray pole figure measurement, we recognized that poles of andalusite (122), kyanite (200) and sillimanite (310) lattice plances were well developed with direction normal to each mineral surface plane respectively. Therfore, the measurements used with micro-area X-ray diffractometer in this study will be a useful tool of phase identification and degree of orientation measurement for fine-grained rock forming minerals.
Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
/
v.29
no.4
/
pp.152-172
/
1992
The ship sailing among waves are suffered the various wave loads that comes from its motion throughout its life. Because there are dynamic, the analysis of ship structure must be considered as the dynamic problem precisely. In the rationally-based design, the dynamic structural analysis is carried out using dynamic wave loads provided from the results of the ship mouton calculation as the rigid body. This method is based on the linear theory assumed low wave height and small amplitude of motion. But at the rough sea condition, high wave height, relatively ship's depth, is induced the large ship motion, so the ship section configulation below water line is rapidly changed at each time. This results in non-linear problem. Considering above situation in this paper, the strength analysis method is introduced for the hull glider among waves considering non-linear hydrodynamic forces. This paper considers that the overall or primary level of the ship structural dynamic loading and dynamic response provided from the non-linear wave forces, and bottom and bow flare impact forces estimated by momentum slamming theory, in which the ship is idealized as a hollow thin-walled box beam using thin-walled beam theory and the finite element method. This method is applied to 40,000 Ton Double-Skin Tanker and attention is paid to the influence of the response of ship speed, wave length and wave height compared with linear strip theory.
The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
/
v.27
no.2
/
pp.163-169
/
2016
In this paper, we miniaturized the loop and coil in magnetic resonance wireless power transfer(MR-WPT) system for application to the small mobile device. The proposed disk type double coil resonator was designed to cause resonance at 6.87 MHz. It is composed of thin copper on both-side of acrylic substrate structured 2 mm width, 1 mm pitch and 8 turns. The outer radius of spiral coil pattern is 9 cm. And the proposed loop was made of the copper wire 5 mm diameter of cross-section. The size of loop is 10 cm diameter. For resonance at 6.87 MHz, the capacitor with 3,300 pF was connected in series on the loop. We rearranged the resonators and organized several WPT systems which is rearranged by resonators. The highest transfer efficiency of miniaturized WPT system was 35.67 %. This proposed design of spiral double coil will contribute to make resonator smaller for appling small and thin mobile device.
본 웹사이트에 게시된 이메일 주소가 전자우편 수집 프로그램이나
그 밖의 기술적 장치를 이용하여 무단으로 수집되는 것을 거부하며,
이를 위반시 정보통신망법에 의해 형사 처벌됨을 유념하시기 바랍니다.
[게시일 2004년 10월 1일]
이용약관
제 1 장 총칙
제 1 조 (목적)
이 이용약관은 KoreaScience 홈페이지(이하 “당 사이트”)에서 제공하는 인터넷 서비스(이하 '서비스')의 가입조건 및 이용에 관한 제반 사항과 기타 필요한 사항을 구체적으로 규정함을 목적으로 합니다.
제 2 조 (용어의 정의)
① "이용자"라 함은 당 사이트에 접속하여 이 약관에 따라 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스를 받는 회원 및 비회원을
말합니다.
② "회원"이라 함은 서비스를 이용하기 위하여 당 사이트에 개인정보를 제공하여 아이디(ID)와 비밀번호를 부여
받은 자를 말합니다.
③ "회원 아이디(ID)"라 함은 회원의 식별 및 서비스 이용을 위하여 자신이 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을
말합니다.
④ "비밀번호(패스워드)"라 함은 회원이 자신의 비밀보호를 위하여 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을 말합니다.
제 3 조 (이용약관의 효력 및 변경)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트에 게시하거나 기타의 방법으로 회원에게 공지함으로써 효력이 발생합니다.
② 당 사이트는 이 약관을 개정할 경우에 적용일자 및 개정사유를 명시하여 현행 약관과 함께 당 사이트의
초기화면에 그 적용일자 7일 이전부터 적용일자 전일까지 공지합니다. 다만, 회원에게 불리하게 약관내용을
변경하는 경우에는 최소한 30일 이상의 사전 유예기간을 두고 공지합니다. 이 경우 당 사이트는 개정 전
내용과 개정 후 내용을 명확하게 비교하여 이용자가 알기 쉽도록 표시합니다.
제 4 조(약관 외 준칙)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스에 관한 이용안내와 함께 적용됩니다.
② 이 약관에 명시되지 아니한 사항은 관계법령의 규정이 적용됩니다.
제 2 장 이용계약의 체결
제 5 조 (이용계약의 성립 등)
① 이용계약은 이용고객이 당 사이트가 정한 약관에 「동의합니다」를 선택하고, 당 사이트가 정한
온라인신청양식을 작성하여 서비스 이용을 신청한 후, 당 사이트가 이를 승낙함으로써 성립합니다.
② 제1항의 승낙은 당 사이트가 제공하는 과학기술정보검색, 맞춤정보, 서지정보 등 다른 서비스의 이용승낙을
포함합니다.
제 6 조 (회원가입)
서비스를 이용하고자 하는 고객은 당 사이트에서 정한 회원가입양식에 개인정보를 기재하여 가입을 하여야 합니다.
제 7 조 (개인정보의 보호 및 사용)
당 사이트는 관계법령이 정하는 바에 따라 회원 등록정보를 포함한 회원의 개인정보를 보호하기 위해 노력합니다. 회원 개인정보의 보호 및 사용에 대해서는 관련법령 및 당 사이트의 개인정보 보호정책이 적용됩니다.
제 8 조 (이용 신청의 승낙과 제한)
① 당 사이트는 제6조의 규정에 의한 이용신청고객에 대하여 서비스 이용을 승낙합니다.
② 당 사이트는 아래사항에 해당하는 경우에 대해서 승낙하지 아니 합니다.
- 이용계약 신청서의 내용을 허위로 기재한 경우
- 기타 규정한 제반사항을 위반하며 신청하는 경우
제 9 조 (회원 ID 부여 및 변경 등)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객에 대하여 약관에 정하는 바에 따라 자신이 선정한 회원 ID를 부여합니다.
② 회원 ID는 원칙적으로 변경이 불가하며 부득이한 사유로 인하여 변경 하고자 하는 경우에는 해당 ID를
해지하고 재가입해야 합니다.
③ 기타 회원 개인정보 관리 및 변경 등에 관한 사항은 서비스별 안내에 정하는 바에 의합니다.
제 3 장 계약 당사자의 의무
제 10 조 (KISTI의 의무)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객이 희망한 서비스 제공 개시일에 특별한 사정이 없는 한 서비스를 이용할 수 있도록
하여야 합니다.
② 당 사이트는 개인정보 보호를 위해 보안시스템을 구축하며 개인정보 보호정책을 공시하고 준수합니다.
③ 당 사이트는 회원으로부터 제기되는 의견이나 불만이 정당하다고 객관적으로 인정될 경우에는 적절한 절차를
거쳐 즉시 처리하여야 합니다. 다만, 즉시 처리가 곤란한 경우는 회원에게 그 사유와 처리일정을 통보하여야
합니다.
제 11 조 (회원의 의무)
① 이용자는 회원가입 신청 또는 회원정보 변경 시 실명으로 모든 사항을 사실에 근거하여 작성하여야 하며,
허위 또는 타인의 정보를 등록할 경우 일체의 권리를 주장할 수 없습니다.
② 당 사이트가 관계법령 및 개인정보 보호정책에 의거하여 그 책임을 지는 경우를 제외하고 회원에게 부여된
ID의 비밀번호 관리소홀, 부정사용에 의하여 발생하는 모든 결과에 대한 책임은 회원에게 있습니다.
③ 회원은 당 사이트 및 제 3자의 지적 재산권을 침해해서는 안 됩니다.
제 4 장 서비스의 이용
제 12 조 (서비스 이용 시간)
① 서비스 이용은 당 사이트의 업무상 또는 기술상 특별한 지장이 없는 한 연중무휴, 1일 24시간 운영을
원칙으로 합니다. 단, 당 사이트는 시스템 정기점검, 증설 및 교체를 위해 당 사이트가 정한 날이나 시간에
서비스를 일시 중단할 수 있으며, 예정되어 있는 작업으로 인한 서비스 일시중단은 당 사이트 홈페이지를
통해 사전에 공지합니다.
② 당 사이트는 서비스를 특정범위로 분할하여 각 범위별로 이용가능시간을 별도로 지정할 수 있습니다. 다만
이 경우 그 내용을 공지합니다.
제 13 조 (홈페이지 저작권)
① NDSL에서 제공하는 모든 저작물의 저작권은 원저작자에게 있으며, KISTI는 복제/배포/전송권을 확보하고
있습니다.
② NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 상업적 및 기타 영리목적으로 복제/배포/전송할 경우 사전에 KISTI의 허락을
받아야 합니다.
③ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 보도, 비평, 교육, 연구 등을 위하여 정당한 범위 안에서 공정한 관행에
합치되게 인용할 수 있습니다.
④ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 무단 복제, 전송, 배포 기타 저작권법에 위반되는 방법으로 이용할 경우
저작권법 제136조에 따라 5년 이하의 징역 또는 5천만 원 이하의 벌금에 처해질 수 있습니다.
제 14 조 (유료서비스)
① 당 사이트 및 협력기관이 정한 유료서비스(원문복사 등)는 별도로 정해진 바에 따르며, 변경사항은 시행 전에
당 사이트 홈페이지를 통하여 회원에게 공지합니다.
② 유료서비스를 이용하려는 회원은 정해진 요금체계에 따라 요금을 납부해야 합니다.
제 5 장 계약 해지 및 이용 제한
제 15 조 (계약 해지)
회원이 이용계약을 해지하고자 하는 때에는 [가입해지] 메뉴를 이용해 직접 해지해야 합니다.
제 16 조 (서비스 이용제한)
① 당 사이트는 회원이 서비스 이용내용에 있어서 본 약관 제 11조 내용을 위반하거나, 다음 각 호에 해당하는
경우 서비스 이용을 제한할 수 있습니다.
- 2년 이상 서비스를 이용한 적이 없는 경우
- 기타 정상적인 서비스 운영에 방해가 될 경우
② 상기 이용제한 규정에 따라 서비스를 이용하는 회원에게 서비스 이용에 대하여 별도 공지 없이 서비스 이용의
일시정지, 이용계약 해지 할 수 있습니다.
제 17 조 (전자우편주소 수집 금지)
회원은 전자우편주소 추출기 등을 이용하여 전자우편주소를 수집 또는 제3자에게 제공할 수 없습니다.
제 6 장 손해배상 및 기타사항
제 18 조 (손해배상)
당 사이트는 무료로 제공되는 서비스와 관련하여 회원에게 어떠한 손해가 발생하더라도 당 사이트가 고의 또는 과실로 인한 손해발생을 제외하고는 이에 대하여 책임을 부담하지 아니합니다.
제 19 조 (관할 법원)
서비스 이용으로 발생한 분쟁에 대해 소송이 제기되는 경우 민사 소송법상의 관할 법원에 제기합니다.
[부 칙]
1. (시행일) 이 약관은 2016년 9월 5일부터 적용되며, 종전 약관은 본 약관으로 대체되며, 개정된 약관의 적용일 이전 가입자도 개정된 약관의 적용을 받습니다.