• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.83-89
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• 2004

Objectives : This study is performed for the purpose of proving the efficacy of the Oriental medicine of swollen leg. Edema is defined as an increase in the extravascular(interstitial) component of the extracellular fluid volume, which may expand by several liters before the abnormality is recognized. We treated one case of patient with a swollen leg. Methods & results : We examined DITI before treatment and after treatment. We measured the circumference of thigh and calf every morning, so we compared with the values day after day. So we found the fact that leg swelling considerably decreased after treatment for 14 days. We followed up after discharge. Conclusions : Acupuncture, Aquacupuncture and Herbal medicine is possible to be effective for treating patients with a swollen leg.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.21-30
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• 2008

This study conducted a survey to compare the size of ready-made clothes for different body shapes and body sizes, and to discover the differences in satisfaction with the size of ready-made clothes. The subjects were women in their 208 and 308 from Busan and Gyeongnam. The women were classified into groups: normal weight, overweight, and obese, using the Body Mass Index (BMI). The comparison of the body size showed a significant difference among the shapes; the average BMI in overweight women was 24.2 while that of obese women was 27.6. For the clothing size for each body shape, obese women most often wore size 77 and size 88, regardless of the sizes of upper and lower garments. The size consistency of upper and lower garments was the lowest in obese women. However, in most of the shapes, women tended to choose larger-sizes for lower garments than for upper ones. The more obese the subject, the less inclined they were to wear garments for their real body size. Satisfaction with the clothing size was significantly different between body shapes; the more obese, the lower the level of satisfaction with the size. As well, satisfaction with the fit of clothing at certain parts was shown to be low especially in the bust measurement, shoulder width, upper garment length, crotch length, and thigh circumference. When surveyed about the use of alterations for different body shapes, the results were that over 65% of subjects did not alter upper garments regardless of their body shape. Comparatively, 68% or above of all body shapes did do alterations to lower garments for example, the length of pants or skirts.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.605-618
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• 2014

This study aims to compare the ease of men's slim pants patterns, and to analyze the fit and appearance through the 3D virtual garment system. The study selected four educational materials and one industrial pattern of slim pants for a total of five items. The CLO 3D Modelist program was utilized to carry out the appearance evaluation through virtual wearing and opacity, and a comparison was performed regarding the clothing pressure when the virtual model was standing and walking. The results of our comparison of the patternmaking for slim pants showed that pattern C pants had the greatest ease on the waist circumference, while B pants showed no ease. The C and E pants also had the most ease on the hip measurement. In the appearance evaluation, A pants received the most favorable results, followed by D, E, B, and C, in descending order. The clothing pressure appeared to be mainly red on the waist, crotch, and hem when standing in all pants, so the clothing pressure was high. While walking, the stress appeared to be different for the left and right parts of the body, and the most significant difference was observed on the thigh area.

• The Korean Fashion and Textile Research Journal
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.286-292
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to analyze the pattern of the present flight suit, to select variables of human body and key dimensions for making pattern of the flight suit, and to decide the most appropriate size of human body and rate of ease for designing an overall flight suit. For analyzing the pattern of flight suit, we used "M95Special" (men ; chest circumference 92-97 cm ; height : above 177 cm), which was indicated as the standard of the Ministry of National Defense. We analyzed general appearance and the actual dimensions of the pattern of the flight suit. As a result of analyzing the pattern, flight suit was front-opened overall style which had a flat collar with rounded edges, two-pieced sleeves with lower height of the sleeve's cap, 3cm-width belt on the waist and 8 pockets. To decide the most appropriate size of human body, we selected 20 variables of human body in the 359 variables of the Size Korea by referring the previous studies. The 20 variables of human body were 9 circumferences (chest, waist, hip, neck, armscye, wrist, thigh, knee, and ankle), 9 lengths (stature, back interscye fold, waist back, crotch height, crotch, body rise, arm, outside leg and total), and 2 breadths (biacromial and chest). We drew out the size of 20 variables from the Size Korea and US Army anthropometry data and decided the most appropriate values from the drawn data for applying to the pattern of flight suit.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.43-52
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• 2002

Purpose & Methods: In order to study obese gene mutation rate in obese Korean patients and to investigate the effect at Chegamuiyiin-tang and electro-lipolysis-acupuncture on obesity treatment. the difference of the reaction to herbal dieting between patients with ${\beta}3$ adrenergic receptor mutation and the patients with wild type ${\beta}3$ adrenergic receptor is observed. Results: Chegamuiyiin-tang and electro-lipolysis-acupuncture treatment are effective on the treatment of obesity in weight reduction. body fat reduction and the circumferences of arm, abdomen, hip and thigh. In the comparison of ${\beta}3$ adrenergic receptor wild type and ${\beta}3$ adrenergic receptor mutation groups, body fat was more reduced with statistical significance, and as for BMI change and body weight change were higher in ${\beta}3$ adrenergic receptor mutation groups with no statistical significance. In the comparison of ${\beta}3$ adrenergic receptor wild type and ${\beta}3$ adrenergic receptor mutation groups among BMI under 25 patients change rate of body weight. BMI, body fact percentage, WHR and body circumference were higher in ${\beta}3$ adrenergic receptor mutation group than in ${\beta}3$ adrenergic receptor wild type group. Conclusion: These results imply that herbal dieting program combined with electro-lipolysis-acupuncture is more effective on reducing body weight and body fat in ${\beta}3$ adrenergic receptor mutation group than wild type group, and that the earlier the treatment is applied, the more effective it is.

• Journal of Korean Traditional Oncology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2019

Objective: The purpose of this study is to report the effectiveness and possibility of Integrative Cancer Treatment (ICT) on an advanced metastatic leiomyosarcoma patient. Methods: The patient was diagnosed with recurred and advanced metastatic Leiomyosarcoma, suffering from dyspnea, abdominal discomfort, lower limb edema. The patient refused conventional treatment, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy but was treated with ICT including acupuncture, pharmacopuncture, moxibustion, hypertherapy and herbal medicine for symptom management. The clinical outcomes were measured by NRS (Numeral rating scale). Results: After treatment, dyspnea, abdominal discomfort and lower limb edema was relieved from NRS 6 to 3, 7 to 3 and 7 to 6 respectively. Also, loss of body weight, decrease in abdominal, thigh and calf circumference were improved. During and after treatment, we found neither hepatotoxicity nor nephrotoxicity on laboratory findings. Conclusion: This case study suggests that ICT may improve symptom relief and life quality of leiomyosarcoma patient.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.793-805
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• 2023

This study analyzes the body shapes of lower-body obese female adolescents and proposes a slacks pattern suitable for their body type. Lower-body obesity is a prevalent type of teenage obesity, and our proposals aim to improve consumer satisfaction in ready-to-wear clothes across this demographic. We first observe characteristics of obese lower bodies, noting significantly above-average thigh and hip circumference. These figures indicate a high degree of curvature in obese lower bodies, along with a large drop value. Leveraging this data, we develop a novel slacks pattern using 3D avatars in a virtual simulation system. The formulas for the main areas of the pattern are as follows: front waist girth W/4+0.75cm+0.5cm, back waist girth W/4+0.5cm-0.5cm, front hip girth H/4+1.25cm-0.5cm, back hip girth H/4+2cm+0.5cm, front crotch extension H/16+0.5cm, back crotch extension H/8+1cm. Results from appearance evaluations show that this pattern minimizes strain rate on the waist and hips, and its average score is significantly higher than that of an alternative pattern that was also evaluated. The minimized strain rate and high average score indicate that our pattern assigns a sufficient amount of space to the appropriate areas. Based on these results, we expect our research to inform slacks pattern development and production for obese consumers of all types.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.92-98
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• 2007

Purposes: The purpose of this study was to report surgical technique of double bundle anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) reconstruction and to compare the short-term clinical results between arthroscopic single-bundle and double-bundle ACL reconstruction. Materials and Methods: From May 2005 to May 2006, ninety-eight patients were underwent ACL reconstruction. We designed prospective study with sixty-one patients who were revealed isolated ACL injury. We serially checked clinical and radiologic data preoperatively and postoperatively. We compared single-bundle with double-bundle ACL reconstruction patients with preoperative datas and postoperatively 1-year data. There were 30 single bundle reconstruction and 31 double bundle reconstruction. Stability was assessed objectively by anterior stress radiographs with the $Telos^{(R)}$ device and the maximal manual test with the KT-2000 arthrometer. The clinical results were assessed by IKDC(International Knee Documentation Committee) and OAK(Orthopadische Arbeitsgruppe Knie) scores. Also, we evaluated postoperative thigh circumference and range of motion. All of operations were done by only one surgeon. Results: At single-bundle reconstruction group, preoperative AP instability which was checked by $Telos^{(R)}$ device and the maximal manual test with the KT-2000 arthrometer was $7.9{\pm}3.3$ and $7.4{\pm}2.0$, respectively. At double-bundle reconstruction group, it was $8.3{\pm}3.5$ and $7.9{\pm}3.2$, respectively. Residual AP laxity checked at 1 year after operation was $1.9{\pm}1.2$ and $2.2{\pm}1.6$ in single-bundle reconstruction group, and $1.1{\pm}0.9$ and $1.0{\pm}1.0$ in double-bundle reconstruction group. So, double-bundle reconstruction had better results in both anterior stress radiographs with the $Telos^{(R)}$ device and the maximal manual test with the KT-2000 arthrometer, and there were significant differences in statistics. But, clinical results such as IKDC(International Knee Documentation Committee) scores, OAK(Orthopadische Arbeitsgruppe Knie) scores, thigh circumference and range of motion had no significant difference between two groups. Conclusions: On the basis of stability, the side-to-side anterior laxity of double-bundle ACL reconstruction was significantly better than that of single-bundle reconstruction, although there were no significant differences in the other clinical measures among them.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.356-367
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• 2003

This study was to investigate the effects of a silk peptide, and prune and raspberry mixture on the body fat, serum lipid composition and fat distribution in Korean women during the time they received these supplements. During the 4 month period of this research (June to October, 2002), 75 women (average age 22.9 yr) were selected as subjects. Their nutrient intake was investigated by use of a questionnaire and the 24-hour recall method. Antropometric assessments of the subjects were investigated by using the SBIA Method (Segmental Bioimpedance Assay, Inbody 3.0). The results were as follows: their mean body weight was 59.3 kg, their mean body height was 161.7 cm and their mean Basal Metabolic Indices (BMI) was 22.7. The status of their dietary fiber intake significantly increased (p < 0.05) after use of the supplements. Their body fat significantly decreased following the $3^{rd}$ stage of supplementation (p < 0.05), and their percent of body fat signiflcantly decreased after supplementation (p < 0.05). Their triceps and suprailiac circumference significantly decreased following the $3^{rd}$ stage of supplementation (p < 0.05). Their waist circumferences and waist-hip ratios (WHR) significantly decreased after both the $2^{nd}$and $3^{rd}$ stage of supplementation (p < 0.05). Their total cholesterol significantly decreased following the $3^{rd}$ stage of supplementation, as compared to their baseline results and those obtained following the 1$^{st}$ stage of supplementation (p < 0.05). Their LDL-cholesterol and LDL / HDL ratios significantly decreased following the $3^{rd}$ stage of supplementation, as compared to their baseline results and those obtained following the 1$^{st}$ stage of supplementation (p < 0.05). Their 4-HNE and total antioxidant statuses significantly decreased following the $2^{nd}$ and $3^{rd}$stage of supplementation, as compared to their baseline results and those obtained following the $1^{st}$ stage of supplementation (p <0.05). Their $2^{nd}$ stage supplementation results were significantly negatively correlated with their triceps measurements and WHR (p < 0.05). Their $3^{rd}$stage supplementation results were significantly negatively correlated with their anterior thigh measurements (p < 0.05). The above results show that prune, raspberry, silk peptide and dietary fiber supplementation to a routine diet improves body fat distribution, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels. The decrease of abdominal fat and WHR were especially noteworthy. This implies a decrease of risk factors. (Korean J Community Nutrition 8(3) : 356~367, 2003)003)

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.99-108
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• 2003

Background: There is abundance of studies on the decrease in body fat through limited calorie intake or exercise; however, studies focusing simultaneously on functional foods and exercise are rare. This study was aimed to identify the effects of combination of a functional beverage and exercise on body composition and biochemical metabolic profiles. Method: Eighty-one healthy volunteers (69 females aged 19 to 50 years and 12 males aged 19 to 55 years), who maintained their body weight stable with 23 or higher in BMI (kg/$m^2$) and 25% or higher body fat for the last three months, were recruited in the study through written advertisement. All the subjects gave their informed consent, and the study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The study design was a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled parallel group design. All participants were given 12-week programed-exercise, which was performed 3 times a week. One bottle (100 ml) of test (Garcinia cambogia 300 mg, L-carnitine 20 mg, Soy peptide 1,000 mg) or placebo solution was given daily 30 min before each session of programed-exercise. BMI (body mass index), %fat, local fat amount (visceral and mid-thigh), waist circumference, skin fold thickness and some biochemical metabolic parameters like glucose, insulin and free fatty acids, etc in the blood were measured and compared before and after 12-week intervention within groups as well as between groups according to the protocol Results: Twenty six volunteers were dropped out and fifty five volunteers completed the study. At the end of 4, 8, and 12 weeks, approximately 1.98%, 3.00% and 3.50% losses of initial body weight were observed, respectively, in the test group (P<0.01), and 0.29, % ,0.74%, 1.60%, respectively, in the placebo group (P>0.05). BMI changed by 2.40%, 3.41% and 4.46%, respectively, in the test group, and 0.38%, 0.95% and 1.75%, respectively, in the placebo group, at each period of time. The reductions of body weight and BMI were significantly higher in the test group than in the placebo group at each period of time (P<0.05). Conclusions: It is thought that the combination of functional beverage, which contains mostly garcinia cambogia, L-carnitine, and soy peptide, and exercise have synergy effects on reducing body fat.